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УМК Английский язык Часть 3.doc
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Раздел 3. Чтение

3.1. Специальность "Правоведение"

УСТНЫЕ ТЕМЫ

Topic 1. Lawyer

Vocabulary

to graduate from

['grædjuet frǝm]

закончить вуз

diversified

[da'vǝ:sfaid]

разнообразный, разносторонний

investigator

[n'vestgetǝ]

следователь

defense counsels

[d'fens kaunsǝl]

защитник, адвокат

People's Court

['pi:plz 'kɔ:t]

народный суд

stealing

[sti:lŋ]

воровство

murder

['mǝ:dǝ]

убийство

to violate the law

['vaǝlet ðǝ lɔ:]

нарушить закон

to prevent a crime

['prvǝnt ǝ kram]

предотвратить преступление

representative

[͵repr'zentǝtv]

представитель

defendant

[d'fendǝnt]

ответчик, подсудимый

innocent

['nɔsǝnt]

невиновный

guilty

['glt]

виновный

sentence

['sentǝns]

приговор

I am a student of the Belorussian State University. I study at the Law Faculty, correspondence department. I am in my second year. In four years I'll graduate from the University and become a professional lawyer. To become a good lawyer one must know much. So at the University we are taught various general and special subjects: Roman Law, Labour Law, Family Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Civil Law, Criminal Law, Law of Procedure, etc.

The profession of a lawyer is quite diversified. The graduates of our faculty can work as investigators, judges, defense counsels, legal consultants. I'd like to be a judge and to work at a People's Court. My friends will work at the Procurator's Office, Militia, Legal Aid Offices.

I think that now the profession of a lawyer is one of the most important in the law-governed state which we are creating now. Lawyers have to solve many problems that still exist in our society. The duty of a lawyer is not only to punish people for various crimes: hooliganism, stealing, murder, traffic violation and so on but they must do their best to prevent crimes, to fight against evil in our society. They should help those people who committed an error to find the right road in their life. The lawyers protect the rights and legal interests of citizens, institutions and organisations. All the citizens are equal before the law. Judges are elected for a term of 5 years. Not only professional lawyers but the representatives of the population hear all criminal and civil cases having equal authority. The defendants are guaranteed the right to defense.

In our country justice is exercised on the principles of equality of citizens before the law and the court, regardless of their social position, property, official standing, nationality or race. The court's mission is not just to meter out punishment, but rather to educate people in the spirit of strict observance of all laws, of labour discipline, appreciation of their duty to the state and society, respect for the rights and integrity of fellow citizens and of the norms of behaviour.

Proceedings of all courts are open. All people before the court are presumed innocent, until the court, having observed all procedural guarantees, finds them guilty. Only then is the sentence pronounced. An appeal can be made against the ruling to a higher court, right up to the Supreme Court.

Ex. 1. Define which parts of speech the following international words are. Read the words:

Profession, professional, institution, organization, population, criminal, nationality, social, position, official, mission, discipline, integrity, appeal, student, faculty, legal, consultant.

Ex. 2. Make nouns of the following verbs. Use the suffixes -tion, -ion, -ment, -or, -ty, ate:

eg. to punish – punishment

to investigate – …, to organize – …,to institute – …, to nationalize – …, to appreciate – …, to authorize – …, to violate – …, to create – …, to qualify – …, to graduate – …

Ex. 3. Match the following expressions with their Russian equivalents:

  1. to graduate from the university

  1. решить проблемы

  1. to become a lawyer

  1. сограждане

  1. a law-governed state

  1. иметь право на защиту

  1. to solve problems

  1. независимо от

  1. to prevent crimes

  1. совершить ошибку

  1. to commit an error

  1. правовое государство

  1. to have the right to defense

  1. закончить университет

  1. to be equal before the law

  1. предотвратить преступления

  1. regardless of

  1. быть равными перед

  1. fellow citizens

  1. стать юристом

Ex. 4. Fill in the blanks with the necessary prepositions:

  1. We'll graduate … the university … four years.

  2. We can work … investigators, judges, defense counsels.

  3. I'd like to work … the People's Court.

  4. The duty … a lawyer is not only to punish people … various crimes.

  5. Lawyers must fight … evil in our society.

  6. All the citizens are equal … the court … social position and property, nationality or race.

  7. The courts should try to educate people … the spirit of appreciation of their duty … the state, respect … the rights of fellow citizens.

  8. An appeal can be made … the ruling … a higher court.

Ex. 5. Give the English equivalents to the following Russian expressions:

    1. трудовое право;

    2. стать профессиональным юристом;

    3. уголовное право;

    4. процессуальное право;

    5. прокуратура;

    6. юрисконсульт;

    7. юридическая консультация;

    8. нарушение правил дорожного движения;

    9. быть избранным на срок;

    10. в духе строгого соблюдения закона;

    11. быть признанным виновным.

Ex. 6. Mark the following statements as true or false:

1. The students are only taught special subjects at the Law faculty.

2. The graduates of our faculty can work for different organizations.

3. Many problems still exist in our society.

4. The duty of a lawyer is only to punish people for various crimes.

5. The lawyers never help criminals.

6. The defendants don't have the right to defense.

7. All people are equal before court.

8. Nobody is guilty until the court finds them guilty.

Ex. 7. Complete the sentences according to the text:

  1. To become a good lawyer one …

  2. The graduates of our faculty can work as …

  3. Lawyers have to solve many problems that still …

  4. Lawyers must do their best to …

  5. The lawyers protect the rights and legal interests of …

  6. All the citizens are equal …

  7. In our country justice is exercised on the principles of …

  8. All people before the court are innocent until the court …

Ex. 8. Organise the plan in the logical order:

    1. The principles of justice in our country.

    2. The court's proceedings.

    3. The places law graduates can work at.

    4. The subjects studied at the University.

    5. The tasks of lawyers.

Ex. 9. Answer the questions:

      1. What subjects do you study at your faculty?

      2. The profession of a lawyer is quite diversified, isn't it?

      3. Where can one work after graduating from the Law faculty?

      4. What problems do lawyers have to solve?

      5. What are lawyer's duties?

      6. On what principles is justice exercised in our country?

      7. What's the main court's mission?

      8. What do you know about court proceeding?

Ex. 10. Make a short summary of the text.