3. Listen to the text and answer the questions:

1. According to the speaker, when may ponds be not profitable?

1. when there’s too much fish in them

2. when there’s too little fish in them

3. when their surface area is smaller than one hundred square meters

4. when there’s no fish in them

2. According to the speaker, when may ponds cost too much and be difficult to manage?

1. when there’s too much salt in them

2. when the temperature in them is too high

3. when their surface area is larger than one hectare

4. when wild fish is not removed from them

3. According to the speaker, what depends on the pond’s water quality, salt content and temperature?

1. deciding how much fish to raise in the pond

2. deciding which kind of fish to raise in the pond

3. deciding if you want to swim in the pond or not

4. deciding if the pond can be profitable or not

4. According to the speaker, where if not in the ponds can the fish also be raised?

1. in tanks

2. in aquariums

3. in terrariums

4. in swimming pools

5. According to the speaker, how many years ago did the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization release a State of World Aquaculture report?

1. one year ago

2. two years ago

3. three years ago

4. four years ago

4. Now go to the printed version of the text and follow the speaker when listening. After listening answer the following questions:

1. Two of the following can be used to fertilize the pond and feed the fish EXCEPT

1. mud from the bottom of the pond

2. crop

3. crop waste

4. animal waste

2. One of the following can be used to fertilize the crops EXCEPT

1. plankton and algae

2. free-flowing water

3. standing water

4. mud from the bottom of the pond

Reading

5. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 4 of the text. Mark two answer choices that are closest in meaning to the word kind.

1. type

2. tender

3. variety

4. hearty

6. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 7 of the text. Mark the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word costly.

1. cheap

2. expensive

3. expensively

4. cheaply

7. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 9 of the text. Mark the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word need.

1. demand

2. necessity

3. duty

4. want

8. Look at the highlighted word in paragraph 5 of the text. Choose the word or phrase in the bold text that the word they refers to.

1. water quality, salt content and temperature

2. your fish

3. wild fish

4. fish

Text: Starting a Fish Farm

1. A listener in Abuja, Nigeria, named Okorie wants to know more about fish pond farming. (1)

2. Raising fish in ponds of standing water can work well on a traditional farm. (2) Animal and crop waste can be used to fertilize the pond and feed the fish. And mud from the bottom of the pond can be used to fertilize the crops. (3)

3. Experts say ponds with a surface area smaller than one hundred square meters may not be profitable. But those larger than one hectare may cost too much and be difficult to manage.

4. Pond farming is one kind of aquaculture. Other fish farms are connected to sources of free-flowing water -- a lake, river or ocean. This way you may not have to feed the fish. They can eat weeds and small organisms, like plankton and algae. Fish can also be raised in tanks, either indoors or outdoors.

5. Deciding which kind of fish to raise depends on the water quality, salt content and temperature. The best idea, experts say, is to raise fish that normally live in the source of water that you use. Also, you should remove wild fish, or else they could eat your fish.

6. Common carp are a popular choice for a fish farm. You could also raise tilapia, catfish, grouper, milkfish, eel or other kinds, depending on where you live. Some fish are harvested once a year; other kinds can be harvested throughout the year.

7. Biologist Martin Schreibman hopes more people will raise their own fish. He started the Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center at Brooklyn College in New York. He says setting up a fish farm is easier, less costly and more profitable than people might think.

8. Intensive fishing has reduced populations of wild fish. The aquaculture industry now provides almost half the fish eaten worldwide. Fish farming is seen as an important way to help feed a growing world. But fish farms also require attention to environmental and food safety considerations.

9. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization released a State of World Aquaculture report at a meeting in New Delhi two years ago. At that meeting, delegates agreed on the need for more support for aquaculture development in Africa. The F.A.O. said Africa was the only area of the world where in recent years people have been eating less fish instead of more.

comprehension:

9. Now read the whole text and decide whether these statements are true (T❒) or false (F❒):

1. Fish can be raised in ponds of standing water, on farms connected to sources of free-flowing water - a lake, river or ocean or in tanks, either indoors or outdoors. T❒ F❒

2. Depending on the pond surface area it may be not profitable or difficult to manage. T❒ F❒

3. Wild fish should be removed from the pond, or else they could eat all weeds and small organisms, like plankton and algae. T❒ F❒

4. Setting up a fish farm is much more expensive and difficult than people might think. T❒ F❒

5. Fish farming is profitable if managed properly. T❒ F❒

6. People all over the world eat less fish instead of more. T❒ F❒

10. The following sentence can be added to the text: Also, water for the farm can be stored in the pond with the fish. Where would it best fit in the text? Possible sentence positions are marked with (1), (2), (3).