11. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

1. The body is integrated with the frame as a solid unit.

2. The first automobiles were called horseless carriages because they were different from horse-drawn vehicles.

3. Streamlining was introduced to provide higher speeds.

4. Contemporary electronic instrumentation is reliable and informative.

5. Microcomputer instrumentation includes a bar chart fuel gauge, digital tape player, and message centre.

6. Some vehicles use a computer chip to reduce fuel consumption.

7. Bumpers absorb impact from minor collisions at high speeds.

8. Bumpers protecting a car’s body from damage are optional on many automobiles.

9. An automobile’s lighting system includes dim and bright headlights, parking lights, turn signals, tail lights, backup lights, stoplights, ceiling lights, and dashboard lights.

10. Safety glass, defrosters, rear view and side view mirrors, windshield wipers and washers, clocks and cigarette lighters can be both standard and optional.

12. Answer the following questions to the text.

1. What does the term “body” include?

2. How were the first automobiles called? Why?

3. What was done for greater comfort and convenience?

4. What was streamlining used for?

5. What is designed to keep the driver safely in control?

6. What role did computerization play in a car?

7. What may be indicated with lights and alarms?

8. What information can the message centre provide?

9. What is used to determine fuel consumption?

10. What are bumpers intended for?

11. What types of bumpers can be in automobiles?

12. What do accessories include?

13. Match the words with their definitions.

a) transmission, b) dashboard, d) bucket seat, 3) collision, f) gauge, g) windshield wiper, h) defrost

1. To remove the frost or ice from;

2. An accident in which two vehicles or people crash into each other;

3. The system in a motor vehicle by which power is passed from the engine to the wheels;

4. An instrument for measuring the amount or level of something;

5. The part of a car in front of the driver that has instruments and controls in it;

6. A seat with a curved back for one person, especially in a car;

7. A blade with a rubber edge that moves across a windscreen.

14. Match the words with the synonyms.

1) appearance	5) indicate	a) injury	e) show
2) reduce	6) convenience	b) modern	f) little by little
3)contemporary	7) damage	c) cut down	g) comfort
4) reliable	8) gradually	d) exterior	h) dependable

15. Match the words with the antonyms.

1) optional	5) front	a) exclude	e) fully
2) partly	6) fasten	b) exterior	f) improperly
3) include	7) properly	c) standard	g) function
4) interior	8) malfunction	d) back	h) unfasten