25.1. MSeneblobiT gamowveuli zemoqmedebisagan axlomdebare Senobebis dacva

mSeneblobis teritoriasTan axlos mdebare arsebulma Senobebma SeiZleba ganicadon sxvadasxva saxis zemoqmedebebi mSenebare obieqtze mimdinare samSeneblo procesebisgan. es aris:

• arsebul SenobebTan axlos mTxreblis damuSaveba;

• vibracia, romelic gadaecema arsebul Senobebs samSeneblo manqanebisa da meqanizmebisagan.

defeqtebis pirveli jgufi Cndeba fuZeebis statikuri maxasiaTeb-lebis cvlilebebisagan. gruntis amoReba arsebuli Senobebis saZirkvlebTan axlos cvlis saZirkvlebis irgvliv Zalovan vels, amitom gaCenili zemoqmedebis kompensirebisaTvis unda Seiqmnas konstruqciuli balansi. defeqtebis meore jgufi aris momuSave samSeneblo manqanebisa da meqanizmebis dinamikuri zemoqmedebis Sedegi. am zemoqmedebis Semcireba dasaSveb zRvrebamde xorcieldeba specialuri sainJinro RonisZiebebis realizaciiT.

fuZeebisa da saZirkvlebis gamagreba. miwis samuSaoebis dawyebamde saWiroa ganxorcieldes arsebuli nagebobebisa da qalaqis infrastruqturis fuZeebisa da saZirkvlebis gaZliereba, ramac unda uzrunvelyos mSeneblobis statikuri wonasworoba mTxreblis damuSavebis periodisaTvis, sanam ar iqneba agebuli axali Senobis miwisqveSa nawilis mzidi konstruqciebi. fuZeebisa da saZirkvlebis gaZlierebisaTvis miRebuli RonisZiebebi SeiZleba ganxorcieldes ori saxiT: mudmivi da droebiTi. mudmivs miekuTvneba is RonisZiebebi, romelTa realizaciis dros konstruqciis gaZliereba miiReba rogorc axali Senobis ganuyofeli nawili. miwis samuSaoTa dawyebamde mTxreblis perimetrs SpuntiT SemoRobaven (nax. 25.2).

Nax. 25.2. LiTonis SpuntebiT mTxreblis SemoRobvis gegma:

1 _ Mili; 2 _ xis SemoRobva; 3 _ koWi; 4 _ ganbjenebi; 5 _ iribana.

SpuntiT (narimandiani) Semofargvlis (SemoRobvis) mizania _ xeli SeuSalos samSeneblo moedanze ganlagebuli gruntis masivebis Camocurebasa da Camongrevas. narimandiani Semofargvlis mzid elementebad gamoiyeneba liTonis milebi, Svelerebi an ortesebrebi. sayrden elementebs Soris manZili ganisazRvreba konstruqciuli gaangariSebiT. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac arsebuli Senoba ganlagebulia samSeneblo moednis zRvarTan axlos, saWiroa ganixilos arsebuli miwisqveSa komunikaciebis gaZlierebis RonisZiebebi (magaliTad, naburRi, ineqciuri an sxva ximinjebis mowyoba).

mSenebare obieqtis miwisqveSa nawilis agebis Semdeg, narimandiani gadaRobva unda gauqmdes narimandis amoRebiT gruntidan. am SemTxvevaSi aseTi RonisZieba SeiZleba CaiTvalos, rogorc droebiTi. mudmiv RonisZiebebs miekuTvneba ximinjebis mowyoba an gadaRobvis Sesruleba meTodiT "kedeli gruntSi".

droebiT RonisZiebebs miekuTvneba iseTi gadawyvetilebebi, romlebic mimarTulia saZirkvlebis mzidunarianobis SenarCunebisaTvis manam, sanam ar dasruldeba miwis samuSaoebi da axali Senobebis miwisqveSa nawilis ageba. am mizniT xSirad iReben Semdeg gadawyvetilebebs:

• liTonis an bunebrivi kontrforebis mowyoba;

• saZirkvlebisa da sardafis kedlebis gaZliereba liTonis grZivi konstruqciebiT (garsakrebiT);

• gruntis gayinva mTxreblis zemoqmedebis zonaSi arsebuli Senobis saZirkvelze.

liTonis kontrforsebs asruleben liTonis koWebisagan. koWebi erTi mxridan eyrdnoba arsebuli Senobis miwisqveSa nawilis konstruqciebs (saZirkvlis koWebs an sardafis kedlebs), meore mxridan ki _ specialurad mowyobil mSenebare Senobis miwisqveSa nawilis konstruqciebs (nax. 25.3).