Текст 3.The coat of arms

Задание1. Ознакомьтесь с содержанием данного текстового материала и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What information in the text "The Coat of Arms" attracted you attention?

2. Is this material actual and up-to-date? Give your comments.

3. When was the current coat of arms adopted?

The coat of arms

The present coat of arms of the Russian Federation derives from the earlier coat of arms of the Russian Empire, and was restored in 1993. The use of the double-headed eagle as a Russian coat of arms goes back to the 15th century. With the fall of Constantinople and the end of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, the Grand Dukes of Muscovy came to see themselves as the successors of the Byzantine heritage. Ivan III adopted the golden Byzantine double-headed eagle in his seal, first documented in 1472. At about the same time, the image of a gilt, double-headed eagle on a red background appeared on the walls of the Palace of Facets in the Moscow Kremlin. The shape of the eagle can be traced back to the reign of Peter the Great (1682–1725), although the eagle on the present coat of arms is golden rather than the traditional, imperial black. During the reign of Peter the Great, further changes were made. However, a final form for the eagle was adopted by imperial decree in 1729, and remained virtually unchanged until 1853. The current coat of arms was adopted officially on November 30, 1993. Today, the imperial crowns on each head stand for the unity and sovereignty of Russia. The orb and sceptre grasped in the eagle's toes are traditional heraldic symbols of sovereign power and authority. They have been retained in the modern Russian arms despite the fact that the Russian Federation is not a monarchy. The modern coat of arms of Russia was instated by a presidential decree in 1993, and then by a federal law signed by President Vladimir Putin on December 20, 2000. The other main Russian coat of arms is the image of St George slaying the dragon. In its first form, as a rider armed with a spear, it is found in the seal of Vasili I of Moscow in 1390. At the time of Ivan III, the dragon was added, but the final association with Saint George was not made until 1730. Eventually, St George became the patron saint of Moscow and of Russia.

Задание 2. Образуйте однокоренные слова от исходных слов и заполните таблицу.

verb	noun (concrete)	noun (abstract)	participle / adjective
	deriver
		retention
			protective
restore		restoration

Текст 4. The symbols of great britain

Задание1. Прочитайте данный текстовый материала и ответьте наследующие вопросы:

1. What information in the text "The Symbols of Great Britain" attracted your attention?

2. Why isn't Wales represented in the Union Jack by the Wales' patron saint?

3. When was the act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland signed?