VIII. Переведите текст, прокомментируйте применяемы вами переводческие приемы.

Ethnic composition of Russia

Russia is populated by 128 various ethnic groups. I wish I were Tofalar. Then I’d sit on the bank of the Uda River angling. Or, I’d shoot squirrels. It is the most rural nation. During election campaigns they are brought ballot boxes much earlier than us. Just because it is so hard to reach them. Besides they’re so few, under a thousand. 87% of them inhabit three villages of Irkutskaya Oblast. The Chukchi are only marginally less rural, with 86% living in the country. Four other northern peoples – Nentsy, Dolgany, Evenki and Eskimos, two Siberian peoples, the Altaians and Kety, as well as two Caucasian ethnic groups, Nogais and Tsakhurs, follow them. Just compare: only 22% of all Ukrainians live in the rural area, 23% of Russians and one out of three is a Tatar.

Those who live in town are seldom envied. Particularly the most urban ethnic group. Yes, you have guessed correctly. 98.5% of Jews of Russia live in towns. A minor Caucasian ethnic group, Taty, also known as mountainous Jews, follows them. 95% of them are city dwellers. Third place goes to Assyrians. They mostly live in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Rostov-on-Don. Once they made excellent shoemakers.

I’ll just mention other urban nations in the descending scale. Georgians, Korens, Tajiks, Kirgiz, Bulgarians, Uzbeks, Poles, and Belarusians follow Assyarians. Over 80 % of these ethnic groups live in towns.

There 5,000,000 people of various Caucasian ethnic groups, all in all 27–28 various nationalities, including Transcaucasians. Starting with Chechens, about one million, down to the Talysh, just about 200 people. Among other significant minorities, alongside the Chechens, we should mention Avars and Armenians, about 600 thousand each group. There are about million Osetins (Ossets or Ossetians). Kabardins, Dargins and Azeris – about 400 thousand each group, Lezgins and Kumyks – 300 thousand. We can also call significant the group of the Ingush, about a quarter of a million. Other groups are less numerous. For instance, there’s only one Tabasaran to a thousand of Russians.

And now some data for the connoisseur. For real data collectors. There are 7 thousand Tsakhurs. There are a thousand Udins!!! And, I remind you, just 200 Talysh!!! 10 million Muscovites are said to use metro daily. Thus, on average, you may expect to come across 7 Balkars, 6 Nogais, 4 Circassians (Cherkes) and only 3 Abazins.

Only 7 out of 128 ethnic groups populating Russia count over a million people. Russians comprise 120 million out of 150. They are followed by Tatars – 6 million, Ukrainians – four and a half. There are about two million Chuvash people. A million and a half Bashkirs. Belarusians and Mordva count a million people each group. 7 ethnic groups form 84 % of Russia’s population.

IX. Выделите в тексте единицы, подлежащие либо транскрипции, либо калькированию, либо смешанному переводу и переведите текст.

The main body of the Salish, from whom the Bella Coola have become separated, occupy a large and continuous area in southern British Columbia and the Western portion of the State of Washington. They also occupy the eastern part of Vancouver Island, south of Cape Mudge, and the southern end of the Island around Victoria. On the mainland of British Columbia and the state of Washington the boundaries are less definite. Salish-speaking peoples live along the Frazer River and occupy its large tributary, the Thompson River. These interiour Salish tribes, the Thompson, Lillooet, and Shuswap, have never been considered as possessing the culture of the coast peoples since their houses, dress, food, religion, and art, are quite different not only from those of the Northwest Coast, but from their other neighbours as well.

X. Переведите текст, обращая особое внимание на перевод названий учреждений и географических точек. Определите, в каких случаях уместно применить переводческую транскрипцию, а в каких следует прибегнуть к другим способам.

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