II. Substitute modals with their equivalents.
1.I must measure all ingredients before making a solution.
2. I can describe any solution by the first demand.
3. May I take part in this contest on Chemistry?
4. You mustn’t weigh every piece of solution so thoroughly.
5. We can’t achieve the result of solubilizing in a couple of minutes.
6. They mayn’t borrow our chemical stuff.
7. Must I come tomorrow to help you in the laboratory?
8. May I have another explanation of how this chemical device works?
9. Can you give me another ounce of powder?
10. I could speak to her upon the conference “Young pharmacist” yesterday.
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Unit 5: The Sequence of Tenses
If the verb in the principal clause is in one of the past tenses, a past tense (or future-in-the-past) must be used in the subordinate clause. The action expressed in the subordinate clause can be simultaneous with the action express in the principal clause, prior or posterior to that of the principal clause.
Adverbs of place and time should also be changed:
Today (that day);
Yesterday (the day before);
The day before yesterday (two days before);
Tomorrow (the next/following day);
The day after tomorrow (in two days’ time);
Next week (the following week);
Last month (the previous month);
Ago (before);
Here(there); This (that).
I. Open the parenthesis using correct Tense of a verb. Keep in mind the rules of the Tenses’ sequence.
She said that these tablets (to be made) by special and very expensive technology.
We were informed that lubricants (to be sold) in a lower price this year.
The leaders in the pharmaceutical field informed that they (to be going to) set a brand new project.
I knew that my group mates (to discuss) the qualities of starch as a component in tableting at the lesson that I missed.
Someone has just told me that people there (to have) a conversation about excellent properties of starch as one of glidants.
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Unit 6: Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct speech – is the speech that is put into inverted commas “”, after author’s words.
To rephrase the sentence in direct speech into the sentence in indirect speech/reported speech, you should do several corrections of the initial sentence.
1.To add “that”.
F.e. “I like sugary and soft drinks.” –She says, that she likes sugary and soft drinks.
2. To turn inverted word order into direct word order in Special questions.
F.e. “What time is it? “. – She asks me, what time it is.
3. To change the word order and to add conjunctions If/Whether in Yes/No questions.
F.e. “Do you like coffee”. – He asks me if I like coffee.
4. To use the to-infinitive in Imperative Mood.
F.e. Spell this word. – He tells me to spell this word.
Mind that if the verb in the principal clause is in one of the past tenses, a past tense (or future-in-the-past) must be used in the subordinate clause.
I. Transfer the following sentences from direct into indirect speech paying attention to the sequence of tenses:
1. The chemist technologists say, “This tablet will require a larger diameter than average tablets of the same weight.”
2. The pharmaceutical adviser said, “This shape of a tablet is the most common in our company.”
3. The pharmaceutical technologists said, “The use of starch as an auxiliary in tableting has been recognized for a long time.”
4. The pharmaceutical technologists said, “These materials did not show any lubricating actions.”
5. The chemist says, “These tablets must be flat and thick for convenience of the user.”
6. The professor has said, “A tabletmeant for making solutions should be as thin as possible.”