wish + past continuous is used to express that we want to be doing a different action in the present (or future).
I wish I was lying on a beach now. (I’m sitting in the office)
I wish it wasn’t raining. (It is raining)
I wish you weren’t leaving tomorrow. (You are leaving tomorrow)
Wishes about the past
wish + past perfect is used to express a regret, or that we want a situation in the past to be different.
I wish I hadn’t eaten so much. (I ate a lot)
I wish they’d come on holiday with us. (They didn’t come on holiday)
I wish I had studied harder at school. (I was lazy at school)
Wish + would
wish + would + bare infinitive is used to express impatience, annoyance or dissatisfaction with a present action.
I wish you would stop smoking.
You are smoking at the moment and it is annoying me.
I wish it would stop raining.
I’m impatient because it is raining and I want to go outside.
I wish she’d be quiet.
I am annoyed because she is speaking.
Wish and hope
To express that you want something to happen in the future (not wanting a situation to be different, and not implying impatience or annoyance) hope is used instead of wish.
I hope it’s sunny tomorrow.
“I wish it was sunny tomorrow” is not correct.
I hope she passes her exam next week.
“I wish she were passing her exam next week” is not correct.
I hope the plane doesn’t crash tomorrow.
“I wish the plane wouldn’t crash tomorrow” is not correct.
Wish and want
wish + infinitive or wish + object + infinitive is used to mean want in a formal situation.
I wish to leave now. (+ infinitive)
I wish to speak to your supervisor please. (+ infinitive)
I do not wish my name to appear on the list. (+ object + infinitive)
Expressing a wish or a regret
Use of I wish / if only:
There are three distinct types of I wish / if only sentences:
Wish, wanting change for the present or future with the simple past.
Regret with the past perfect.
Complaints with would + verb.
Expressing a wish:
Form:
If only / I wish + simple past
Example:
If only I knew how to use a computer. (I don’t know how to use a computer and I would like to learn how to use it)
Use:
To express a wish in the present or in the future.
The simple past here is an unreal past.
When you use the verb to be the form is “were”. Example: I wish I were a millionaire!
Expressing regret:
Form:
If only / I wish + past perfect
Example:
If only I had woken up early. (I didn't wake up early and I missed my bus.)
Use:
To express a regret.
The action is past.
It’s time, I’d rather, I’d prefer
These phrases can be followed by a past tense or an infinitive.
1.It’s time
It’s (high) time + clause with verb in past tense (referring to present or future time)
It’s high time that child was in bed – it’s nearly midnight!
It’s time + infinitive
It’s time to go – it’s almost eight o’clock.
Notes:
1 High time is more emphatic, suggesting that the event is overdue. It is not generally followed by the infinitive.
2 When the infinitive is used to refer to a specific spoken to, then the expression It’s time for x to …
Must be used
It’s time for him to decide what he wants to do with his life.
NOT It’s time to decide what he wants … X
2. I’d rather
I’d rather + clause
I’d rather you didn’t tell him – he’d be upset.
(referring to future time)
I’d rather you hadn’t told him – he was upset.
(referring to past time)
I’d rather + infinitive (without to)
I’d rather tell him myself. (referring to future time)
I’d rather be anywhere than here! (referring to present time)
I didn’t enjoy the holiday at all – I’d rather have stayed at home. (referring to past time)
Note: The infinitive is only possible if both parts of the sentence are about the same person.
3. I’d prefer
I’d prefer it + if-clause
I’d prefer it if they were left on their own. (future time)
I’d have preferred it if I could have studied maths. (past time)
I’d prefer + infinitive (present or perfect)
I’d prefer to be left on my own.
Exercises
a) Write a sentence using "wish"
1. I ate too much and now I have stomachache.
_______________________________
2. His parents would like him to look after himself
_______________________________
3. I can't smoke anywhere now. The anti-smoking law is so restrictive!
If only
________________________________
4. It's a pity we don't own a boat, I love sailing.
___________________________________
5. My pupils keep talking in class all the time and I can't handle it.
______________________________________
6. Visiting the museum was interesting but it would have been nicer to go to the beach
_____________________________________
7. Next Christmas I would like to stay at home for a change
_________________________next Christmas
8. He never brings me flowers on our anniversary
____________________________________
b) CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER.
1. It's high time you ________out and looked for a job.
2. I wish it _______so late. I don't want to leave.
3. I wasted a lot of time at school. I wish I _________harder.
4. I wish I _______that letter yesterday.
5. If only I _______that you wanted to meet her.
6. I'd rather he _________to the theatre with me this Saturday.
7. I'd rather ___________the museum last week.
8. I'd rather ____________maths now.
Listening
1-----------------------
the process of sending and receiving messages through the air, broadcasting
programs for people to listen to.
2------------------------
a paper printer and sold usually daily or weekly with news, advertisements etc…
3------------------------
broadcasting programs (the news, plays, advertisements, shows, etc…) for people to watch on their television sets.
4------------------------
a newspaper with rather small pages, many pictures and little serious news.
5------------------------
a way to communicate with your partner who might be a thousand miles away using the computer( e-mails)
Reading
'The role of the mass media in our life'
We can not imagine our life without mass media. Our Information Age is determined in many respects by the mass media. The mass media do not only spread the news, they impose certain values on contemporary men. The received information moulds the way of people's thinking. Sometimes information given by television, radio, newspapers and the Internet is contradictory and man must decide which one is more reliable.
Previously it took news months to travel from one country to another; today it takes it only several seconds. People started to get news comparatively quickly with the appearance of newspapers. Newspapers are very important for a contemporary man. The choice of the newspapers is wide. Now all newspapers are classified into two groups; quality and popular.
Quality newspapers are serious national papers intended for educated readers. Popular newspapers are tabloid, they are designed for common readers. Radio became widely used during World War I. At the turn of the 20th century TV became part of people's daily life. TV offers to its viewers current affairs programs, cultural programs, chat shows, sports programs, etc. It informs, educates and entertains men. The Internet is the recent innovation. It has broken the traditional frontiers and helps people to establish contacts. Due to the Internet I have found a lot of friends in different countries, I have visited the greatest world museums and art galleries without leaving my apartment. The Internet is turning our planet into a global village.
To have a comprehensive picture of what is going on, people must watch TV programmes, read newspapers and magazines, use the Internet, but do it selectively.
Nowadays the mass media have become daily and essential necessity with contemporary men. The mass media report about various aspects of life, they form and affect public opinion.
The mass media comprise newspapers, radio, TV and the Internet. In this or that form the mass media come into every home.
The Internet was created in 1983. Since that time it has grown beyond its largely academic origin into an increasingly commercial and popular medium. The Internet connects many computer networks. The Internet has connected millions of computers throughout the world.
Newspapers are usually issued daily, weekly, or at other regular times. They provide news, views, features, and other information of public interest and often carry advertising. The first English printed news book the "Weekly News" appeared in London in 1621. In 1771 Parliament gave journalists the right to report its proceedings. Newspapers come out to provide their readers with fresh news. Today people have a chance to have full information about political, economic and cultural events in their own country and abroad.
Radio appeared earlier than TV. In 1901 ah Italian physicist named Guglielrno Marconi received wireless telegraphic messages sent from Cornwall to Newfoundland. It was hailed as a triumph. Radio underwent rapid improvement in the period before World War II. Today there are a lot of radio stations of many different types and so much variety. Talk shows and music programmes with disc jockeys are very popular.
Now almost every family in the civilized world has a TV set. Television plays an important role in our society, not only as an entertainer and informant, but also because of the grip it has on many people. Television channels easily go into people's home taking in their time and life.
MEDIA DISCUSSION
STUDENT A’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student B)
1) What images spring to mind when you hear the word ‘media’?
2) What is the media?
3) Do you think the media have too much power?
4) What are the good and bad things about the media in your country?
5) Do you like the fact that today, media coverage of world events in
instantaneous and extensive?
6) What do you think about countries that ban or restrict the media?
7) Do you always believe the media?
8) Is the media of your country biased towards the views of your
government over the war on terror?
9) How is today’s media different from that of 30 years ago?
10) Can you think of any examples of the media being irresponsible?
MEDIA DISCUSSION
STUDENT B’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student A)
1) Would you like to work for the media?
2) What do you think of the mass media?
3) What countries do you think have very good media and which have not
so good media?
4) Why do people fear the media?
5) Should there be any censorship of the media?
6) Are reporters in today’s media lazy?
7) Do you think the media tries to manipulate people or change their
views?
8) Is it a good idea for a country’s media to be controlled by the
government?
9) Do you trust the media?
10) Does the media care more about truth or profits?
WRITING AN ESSAY
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
Some people say that television, radio and newspapers have changed our lives for the better. However, others believe that the mass media has more disadvantages than advantages. What is mass media for you?
To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.
You should write at least 250 words.
SPEAKING
Write five GOOD questions about mass media in the table. Do this in pairs. Each student must write the questions on his / her own paper.
When you have finished, interview other students. Write down their answers.
|
STUDENT 1 _____________ |
STUDENT 2 _____________ |
STUDENT 3 _____________ |
Q.1.
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Q.2.
|
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Q.3.
|
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Q.4.
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Q.5.
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Now return to your original partner and share and talk about what you found out. Change partners often.
Make mini-presentations to other groups on your findings.
TASKS FOR SELF-STUDY
READING
Read the text
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF MASS MEDIA IN MODERN LIFE
Modern world is full of information of various kinds which sometimes is even more valuable than moneyMass media (the press, radio, television and Internet) have a very big impact on modern society. They serve to inform people of different events, educate, entertain and give us any kinds of information. Complete and accurate information is very important to get nowadays. The press still remains one of the most powerful kinds of mass media. One can find daily, weekly and monthly newspapers and magazines on different topics such as fashion, sport, children, politics, economy and others. Television provides a great opportunity for people to learn latest news, watch educational programs, children's programs, old and new films and soap operas on TV. As for me, I usually watch documentaries and game shows on television. Radio is less popular than newspapers and television, but still people listen to it in cars or at work. There are different types of radio stations and one can find any radio station to their liking. The Internet is the newest kind of mass media, but which has become the most popular and greatest source of information and entertainment If you have the internet access, you may read newspapers online, watch films, listen to music, listen to the radio and even watch television online! E-mail has become the great way of communication. One can send a letter to their friends or a business letter and it will be delivered in a few seconds, people like social media sites, like Facebook.
Vocabulary - Mass Media
This is a list of vocabulary items related to mass media
Aerial
A radio antenna, especially one suspended in or extending into the air.
Advertisement
Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume more of a particular brand of product or service. Many advertisements are designed to generate increased consumption of those products and services through the creation and reinforcement of "brand image" and "brand loyalty".
Blog
A blog (a contraction of the term "Web log") is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order. "Blog" can also be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog.
Many blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject; others function as more personal online diaries.
Blogosphere
Blogosphere is a collective term encompassing all blogs and their interconnections. It is the perception that blogs exist together as a connected community (or as a collection of connected communities) or as a social network.
Broadcast
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or video signals which transmit programs to an audience. The audience may be the general public or a relatively large sub-audience, such as children or young adults.
Television and radio programs are distributed through radio broadcasting or cable, often both simultaneously
Column
A column is a recurring piece or article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication. Columns are written by columnists.
What differentiates a column from other forms of journalism is that it meets each of the following criteria:
It is a regular feature in a publication
It is personality-driven by the author
It explicitly contains an opinion or point of vie
Editorial
An editorial, leader (US), or leading article (UK) is an article in a newspaper or magazine that expresses the opinion of the editor, editorial board, or publisher.
The editorial board is a group of editors, usually at a print publication, who dictate the tone and direction that the publication's editorials will take. In much of the English-speaking world, editorials are typically not written by the regular reporters of the news organization, but are instead collectively authored by a group of individuals
High-tech politics
The current American political system in which the behavior of citizens and policy makers, as well as the political agenda itself, is increasingly shaped by technology.
Investigative journalism
The use of detective-like reporting methods to unearth scandals.
Journalism
Journalism is the craft of conveying news, descriptive material and comment via a widening spectrum of media. These include newspapers, magazines, radio and television, the Internet and, more recently, the cellphone. Journalists—be they writers, editors or photographers; broadcast presenters or producers—serve as the chief purveyors of information and opinion in contemporary mass society. "News is what the consensus of journalists determines it to be."
Journalist
A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events, trends, issues, and people while striving for non-bias viewpoint.
Reporters are one type of journalist. They create reports as a profession for broadcast or publication in mass media such as newspapers, television, radio, magazines, documentary film, and the Internet. Reporters find sources for their work, their reports can be either spoken or written, and they are often expected to report in the most objective and unbiased way to serve the public good. A columnist is a journalist who writes pieces that appear regularly in newspapers or magazines.
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles, generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three.They are published weekly, biweekly, monthly ...
Mass media
Mass Media includes all the "tools" we have for communicating with large numbers of people… television, radio, film, on-line services, magazines and newspapers. All carry messages that reach masses of people in contrast to letters, telephone calls and one-to-one conversations known as interpersonal media.
Media bias
Media bias is a term used to describe a real or perceived bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events will be reported and how they are covered. The term "media bias" usually refers to a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article.The direction and degree of media bias in various countries is widely disputed, although its causes are both practical and theoretical.
Media events
An event that is staged primarily for the purpose of simply being covered.
News
News is any new information or information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass audience. News, the reporting of current information on television and radio, and in newspapers and magazines.
Newspaper
A newspaper is a written publication containing news, information and advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint. General-interest newspapers often feature articles on political events, crime, business, art/entertainment, society and sports. Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing columns which express the personal opinions of writers. Supplementary sections may contain advertising, comics, coupons, and other printed media. Newspapers are most often published on a daily or weekly basis, and they usually focus on one particular geographic area where most of their readers live. Despite recent setbacks in circulation and profits, newspapers are still the most iconic outlet for news and other types of written journalism.
Press conferences
Meetings with reporters.
Press - "the press"
The media that includes television, radio, newspapers, magazines, wire services, and on-line services, among others.
Print media
That portion of the mass media which include newspapers and magazines.
Propaganda
Propaganda is the dissemination of information aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people. As opposed to impartially providing information, propaganda in its most basic sense presents information in order to influence its audience. Propaganda often presents facts selectively (thus lying by omission) to encourage a particular synthesis, or gives loaded messages in order to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented. The desired result is a change of the cognitive narrative of the subject in the target audience to further a political agenda.
Trial balloons
Information leaked for the purpose of determining what the political reaction will be.
Talking heads
A shot of a person's face talking directly to the camera.
linkage institutions
The channels or access points through which issues and people's policy preferences get on the government's policy agenda.
Television
Television (TV) is a widely used telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images, either monochromatic ("black and white") or color, usually accompanied by sound. "Television" may also refer specifically to a television set, television programming or television transmission. The word is derived from mixed Latin and Greek roots, meaning "far sight": Greek tele (τῆλε), far, and Latin visio, sight (from video, vis- to see, or to view in the first person).
Tabloids
A tabloid is a newspaper of small format giving the news in condensed form, usually with illustrated, often sensational material
Yellow journalism
The term used to describe sensational news reporting.
Module 2 Unit 15
PRESENTATION OF PROJECTS AND REPORTS ON GIVEN TOPICS
GRAMMAR
Phrasal verbs
OVERVIEW | ACTION VERBS | AUXILIARY VERBS | FINITE / NON-FINITE | IRREGULAR VERBS MAIN VERBS | MODAL VERBS | MOOD | PHRASAL VERBS | REGULAR VERBS | STATIVE VERBS
What is a Phrasal Verb?
A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and preposition, a verb and an adverb, or a verb with both an adverb and a preposition.
A phrasal verb has a meaning which is different from the original verb. That's what makes them fun, but confusing. You may need to try to guess the meaning from the context, or, failing that, look it up in a dictionary.
The adverb or prepositions that follow the verb are sometimes called a particle. The particle changes the meaning of the phrasal verb in idiomatic ways.
They are also known as ‘compound verbs’, ‘verb-adverb combinations’, ‘verb-particle constructions", “two-part words/verbs’ and ‘three-part words/verbs’ (depending on the number of words).
Phrasal verbs are usually used informally in everyday speech as opposed to the more formal Latinate verbs, such as “to get together” rather than “to congregate”, “to put off” rather than “to postpone”, or “to get out” rather than “to exit”. They should be avoided in academic writing.
!Note - Some linguists differentiate between phrasal verbs and prepositional verbs, while others assume them to be part of one and the same construction, as both types are phrasal in nature. So, unless you want to become a linguist, don't worry about it.
Literal usage
Many verbs in English can be combined with an adverb or a preposition, a phrasal verb used in a literal sense with a preposition is easy to understand.
"He walked across the square.
Verb and adverb constructions are also easy to understand when used literally.
"She opened the shutters and looked outside."
"When he heard the crash, he looked up."
An adverb in a literal phrasal verb modifies the verb it is attached to, and a preposition links the subject to the verb.
Idiomatic usage
It is, however, the figurative or idiomatic application in everyday speech which makes phrasal verbs so important:
"I hope you will get over your operation quickly."
The literal meaning of “to get over”, in the sense of “to climb over something to get to the other side”, is not relevant here. Here "get over" means "recover from" or "feel better".
Transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs
Phrasal verbs also differ in their transitivity or intransitivity in the same way as normal verbs do. A transitive verb always has an object.
For example:-
“Many people walked across the bridge.”
"Across" in this sentence is the preposition to "the bridge".
An intransitive verb does not have an object.
For example:-
“When I entered the room he looked up.”
"Up" here is an adverb, and does not have an object.
Separable or inseparable phrasal verbs
A further way of considering phrasal verbs is whether they are separable or inseparable. In inseparable verbs, the object comes after the particle.
For example:-
"She got on the bus."
"On weekdays, we look after our grandchildren."
Separable verbs have several ways of separating verb, particle and object. Usually, the object comes between verb and particle.
For example:-
"She looked up the word in her dictionary."
"She looked it up in her dictionary."
However, with some separable verbs, the object can come before or after the particle.
For example:-
"Switch the light off."
"Switch off the light."
"Switch it off."
Note !- There is usually no way of telling whether they are separable, inseparable, transitive or intransitive. In most cases you have to develop a feel for the correct use.
Common phrasal verbs in examples
Конец формы
We often use verbs with these words:
on |
off |
in |
out |
up |
down |
away |
back |
over |
about |
round |
forward |
through |
along |
We often use these words (particles) with verbs of movements. For example:
get on |
The bus was full. We couldn't get on. |
drive off |
She got into the car and drove off. |
came back |
Tom is leaving tomorrow and coming back on Saturday. |
turn round |
When I touched him on the shoulder, he turned round. |
But often these words (on / off / up / down etc.) give a special (an idiomatic) meaning to a verb. For example:
Sorry I'm late. The car broke down.
Look out! There's car coming.
It was my first flight. I was very nervous as the plane took off.
It was so tired this morning that I couldn't get up.
How did you get on in your examination yesterday?
These multi-word verbs (break down / get up / get on etc.) are phrasal verbs.
Sometimes a multi-word verb has an object. Usually there are two possible positions for the object (noun or pronoun): before the particle or after the particle.
In general there are four types of multi-word verbs:
Type1: Verb + particle (no object) Intransitive Multi-Word Verbs
Type2: Verb + particle + object Separable Multi-Word Verbs The object (noun or pronoun) can come between the verb and the particle. But if the object is a pronoun, it always comes between the verb and the particle.
Type3: Verb + particle + object Inseparable Multi-Word Verbs (Transitive) The object (noun or pronoun) always comes after the particle.
Type4: Verb + particle + particle Three-Word Phrasal Verbs (Transitive) Type 4 multi-word verbs are nearly always idiomatic. The object cannot change position. It cannot come before the particles, or between the particles.
Intransitive Phrasal Verbs
The following phrasal verbs are not followed by an object: "Once you leave home, you can never really go back again."
That old Jeep had a tendency to break down just when I needed it the most.
Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.
Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.
They tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked.
He was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.
The children promised to come over, but they never do.
We used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that.
When we visited Paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.
Uncle Heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.
Grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it on her own.
It's hard to imagine that we will ever go back to Lithuania.
We would finish one Dickens novel and then just go on to the next.
The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.
Charles grew up to be a lot like his father.
The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home.
He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.
He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.
Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off.
Day after day, Efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.
I woke up when the rooster crowed.
Separable phrasal verbs
The object may come after the following phrasal verbs or it may separate the two parts: I turned off the light. I turned the light off. You have to do this paint job over.
When the object of the following phrasal verb is a pronoun (it / them / me / you / him / her / us), the two parts of the phrasal verb must be separated: I turned it off.
The terrorists tried to blow up the railroad station.
The matter brought up at the committee.
They called off this afternoon's meeting.
Do this homework over.
Fill out this application form and mail it in.
She filled up the grocery cart with free food.
My sister found out that her husband had been planning a surprise party for her.
The filling station was giving away free gas.
My brother borrowed my car. I have a feeling he's not about to give it back.
The students handed in their papers and left the room.
She hung up the phone before she hung up her clothes.
I hate to hold up the meeting, but I have to go to the bathroom.
Three masked gunmen held up the Security Bank this afternoon.
You left out the part about the police chase down Asylum Avenue.
The lawyers looked over the papers carefully before questioning the witness. They looked them over carefully.
You've misspelled this word again. You'd better look it up.
She knew she was in trouble, so she made up a story about going to the movies with her friends.
He was so far away, we really couldn't make out what he was saying.
There were three men in the line-up. She picked out the guy she thought had stolen her purse.
The crane picked up the entire house. Watch them pick it up
As we drove through Paris, Francoise pointed out the major historical sites.
We put away money for our retirement. She put away the cereal boxes.
We asked the boss to put off the meeting until tomorrow. (Please put it off for another day.)
I put on a sweater and a jacket. (I put them on quickly.)
The firefighters put out the house fire before it could spread. (They put it out quickly.)
I read over the homework, but couldn't make any sense of it .
My wife set up the living room exactly the way she wanted it. She set it up.
These are your instructions. Take them down before you forget.
It was so hot that I had to take off my shirt.
We have serious problems here. Let's talk them over like adults.
That's a lot of money! Don't just throw it away.
She tried on fifteen dresses before she found one she liked.
I tried out four cars before I could find one that pleased me.
Your radio is driving me crazy! Please turn it down.
He applied for a promotion twice this year, but he was turned down both times.
Grandpa couldn't hear, so he turned up his hearing aid.
We turned off the lights before anyone could see us.
It was a disgusting movie. It really turned me off.
Turn on the CD player so we can dance.
The gang members used up all the money and went out to rob some more banks.
Inseparable Phrasal Verbs (Transitive)
With the following phrasal verbs, the lexical part of the verb (the part of the phrasal verb that carries the "verb-meaning") cannot be separated from the prepositions (or other parts) that accompany it: "Who will look after my estate when I'm gone?"
The teacher called on students in the back row.
The old minister continued to call on his sick parishioners.
I got over the flu, but I don't know if I'll ever get over my broken heart.
The students went over the material before the exam. They should have gone over it twice.
They country went through most of its coal reserves in one year. Did he go through all his money already?
My mother promised to look after my dog while I was gone.
The police will look into the possibilities of embezzlement.
I ran across my old roommate at the college reunion.
Carlos ran into his English professor in the hallway.
My second son seems to take after his mother.
It seemed strange to see my old boss wait on tables.
Three-Word Phrasal Verbs (Transitive)
With the following phrasal verbs, you will find three parts: "My brother dropped out of school before he could graduate."
I was talking to Mom on the phone when the operator broke in on our call.
After our month-long trip, it was time to catch up with the neighbors and the news around town.
I was talking to Mom on the phone when the operator broke in on our call.
The boys promised to check up on the conditions of the summer house from time to time.
After years of giving nothing, the old parishioner was able to come up with a thousand-dollar donation.
We tried to cut down on the money we were spending on entertainment.
I hope none of my students drop out of school this semester.
I found it very hard to get along with my brother when we were young.
Janik cheated on the exam and then tried to get away with it.
The citizens tried to get rid of their corrupt mayor in the recent election.
When will you ever get through with that program?
It's hard to keep up with the Joneses when you lose your job!
I always look forward to the beginning of a new semester.
It's typical of a jingoistic country that the citizens look down on their geographical neighbors.
We were going to look in on my brother-in-low, but he wasn't home.
Good instructors will look out for early signs of failure in their students.
First-graders really look up to their teachers.
Make sure of the student's identity before you let him into the classroom.
The teacher had to put up with a great deal of nonsense from new students.
The runners ran out of energy before the end of the race.
My oldest sister took care of us younger children after Mom died.
The star player talked back to the coach and was thrown off the team.
I often think back on my childhood with great pleasure.
Her husband walked out on her and their three children.
Phrasal Verbs: One Verb after Another (under construction) Phrasal Verb: Look
Are you still looking [about] for a job?
Who will look after the baby.
Look at this picture, please.
He looks at work in a different way now he's in charge.
They look carefully at a problem.
Look at Mrs. Jones; drink killed her.
Something you were looking for, but you can't find it, and you can't remember what it was. So I'll tell you. It's the monitor you're looking for, and it isn't there.
I'll look in and see you next week.
Look out! There is a car coming.
I half-expected Candy to open my door and look out to see what the fracas was, but the door stayed firmly closed.
If you don't know the word look it up in the dictionary.
Phrasal Verb: Put
Close the books and put them aside.
I'll just put the car away.
Take your notebooks and put down all the words that are on the board.
Mr. Gough put off his trip to London until next month.
She put her hat and coat on.
She put the light [the fire] out.
I can't put up with your rudeness anymore; leave the room.
Phrasal Verb: Come
I came across this book in a little store.
I want you come along (with us), or you'll miss the bus.
Come back here. I want to talk to you.
The button has come off my coat.
Come on or will be late.
Phrasal Verb: Get
They do get along (well) together.
I am getting off at the next station (stop).
How do you get on?
It was too hard for her to get over that illness.
Let's get together.
If he gets up early, he'll come on time.
Phrasal Verb: Find
She's unpleasant. She always finds fault with people.
He found himself after graduating the University.
You can't trust him until you find everything out.
Phrasal Verb: Run
Yesterday I ran into my friend whom I haven't seen since we left school.
Why are you so upset? - My kitten was run over by a car.
I'll have to go to the baker's as we've run out of bread.
Phrasal Verb: Give
They gave away their food for free.
He has given in to my views.
Give out the textbooks.
He had to give up studying because of poor health.
You should give up smoking.
Phrasal Verb: Go
I don't go in for sport.
The light went off and the film began.
Go on with your work.
You may take this book. I can easily go without it for a month.
Phrasal Verb: Turn
Turn that radio down at once.
My umbrella turned inside out.
When leaving, don't forgot to turn off the stove.
She turns on her charm whenever she wants anything.
You'll have to turn up tomorrow. It's very important for us.
WRITING AN ESSAY
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
A lot of people are fond of watching TV. Others say that television is becoming a national disease. How much do you watch TV in general? Will you share with your own opinion about this modern problem?
To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.
You should write at least 250 words.
Glossary Midterm test 1 (Sample)
Variant 1
1. The sports competitions which … on Sunday … by a lot of people.
A) are held / will be visited B) was held / will visit C) will held / will visit D) have been held / have visited E) will be held / will be visited
2. The inspector is not in the town. He … to another place some days ago.
A) was sent B) sent C) will be sent D) will send E) sends
3. This story … to everybody as the name of the first space pioneer … in the heart of people all over the world.
A) knows / lives B) knew / lived C) is known / lived D) is known / lives E) knows / is lived
4. The business letter … just … .
A) is / written B) has / been written C) was / written D) were / written E) is / going to write
5. Business letters … usually on special forms.
A) will be written B) are written C) are being written D) is written E) write
6. Mother asked me … .
A) why I have spent all the money B) that I had spent all the money C) if I had spent all the money
D) when I spend all the money E) if I will spend all the money
7.“Don’t play in the street!”
A) My mother told me don’t play in the street. B) My mother said to play in the street. C) She asked me to play in the street. D) My mother told me not to play in the street. E) My mother said I should play in the street.
8. Ann: “Is your sister good at English?” Ann asked me … .
A) that my sister is good at English B) if my sister was good at English C) whether my sister is good at English D) my sister is good at English E)her sister was good at English
9. Tom: “Don’t forget to bring my book, Ann”. Tom asked Ann: … .
A) that she didn’t forget to bring his book B) that she doesn’t bring his book C) not to forget to bring his book D) not to forget to bring her book E) if she didn’t forget to bring the book
10. Mother: “We are going to have supper”. Mother says … .
A) they are going to have supper B) they were going to have supper C) that they would have supper D) they won’t have supper E) they haven’t had supper yet
11. Jack said: “I was at home yesterday.” Jack said … .
A) he was at home. B) Jack said he was at home the day before C) he will be at home. D) he had been at home a week ago. E) he had been at home the day before.
12. “Do you go in for sports?”, he asked. He asked … .
A) he went in for sports. B) if I went in for sports. C) if I’ll go in for sports. D) I should go in for sports. E) if I had gone in for sports.
13. “Will Tom help me?” she said. She asked … .
A) will Tom help her B) if Tom would help her C) whether he will help her D) whether would he help her E) that Tom would be helping her
14. The film star gave a party ... cost $10.000.
A) * B) who C) which D) where
15.She can ... German and Italian.
A) speak B) speaking C) to speak D) speaks
16. Could you ... more slowly?
A) speaking B) spoke C) speak D) speaks
17. I hope ... you soon.
A) to see B) seeing C) see D) saw
18. We’d better ... to the manager.
A) to talk B) talking C) talked D) talk
19. It takes him an hour ... to the bank.
A) getting B) get C) gets D) to get
20. I am sorry ... you.
A) disturbing B) to disturb C) disturb D) disturbed
Variant 2
1. Sometimes a lot of guests … to his birthday party.
A) had invited B) was invited C) were inviting D) are invited E) is inviting
2. The business letters … tomorrow.
A) are sent B) is sent C) will be sent D) will send E) would be send
3. All the business letters … yesterday. They … to the post office immediately.
A) answered / take B) were answered / took C) are answered / were taken D) answered / took E) were answered / were taken
4. The special information … in an hour or so, that’s why it … in the newspapers yesterday.
A) brings / didn’t publish B) will bring / don’t publish C) will be brought / wasn’t published D) will be brought / didn’t publish E) brought / wasn’t published
5. Houses … very quickly now.
A) builds B) are building C) built D) are built E) were built
6.Peter said, “Alice, are you busy now?” Peter asked Alice … .
A) she was busy. B) if she was busy then. C) she would be busy. D) if she wasn’t busy then. E) if she is busy.
7. My sister said: “I hope we shall go on an excursion to the lake”. My sister said that … on an excursion to the lake”.
A) she hopes we will go B) she didn’t hope that we shall go C) she hoped they would go D) she hoped we were going E) she hoped we can go
8. Jim and Julia have been in the restaurant for an hour and they have not been served yet. Julia is angry. “You said … a good place’’
A) it is B) it has been C) it will be D) it was E) it can’t be
9. “Did you work at a factory 3 years ago?” she asked her friend. She asked her friend if she … .
A) worked at a factory 3 years ago. B) had worked at a factory 3 years before. C) really worked at a factory 3 years before. D) work at a factory. E) worked at a factory for 3 years.
10. She said she … her friend for ages.
A) didn’t B) hadn’t seen C) hasn’t seen D) doesn’t see E) saw
11. He asked her “Did anybody call this morning?” He asked her … .
A) if anybody called this morning B) if somebody had called that morning C) if somebody called that morning D) who called that morning E) had called anybody that morning
12. Teacher: “Tom, read the story, please”. Teacher asked Tom … .
A) to read the story B) read the story C) that he reads it D) whether he reads the story E) it he read the story
13. He said “I met him in 1950”. He said … .
A) I met him in 1950 B) he had been met by him in 1950 C) he used to meet him in 1950 D) he had met him in 1950 E) he was meeting him in 1950
14. The man ... you met at the party was a famous film star.
A) who B) when C) where D) which
15.He spoke too quickly for us ....
A) to understand B) understand C) understanding D) understood
16. He’s not strong enough ... me.
A) beating B) beats C) to beat D) beaten
17. She is able ... 100 meters in 9 seconds.
A) running B) run C) to run D) ran
18. It is important ....
A) to win B) winning C) win D) won
19. A: This problem is too difficult. I can’t solve it. B: Is it really too difficult for you ...?
A) solving B) solve C) to solve D) solved
20. A: He is a doctor. He looks very young. B: Yes. He doesn’t look old enough ... a doctor.
A) being B) be C) been D) to be
Variant 3
1. In 1834 the Houses of Parliament with the exception of Westminster Hall … by fire, they … later.
A) destroyed / was rebuilt B) was being destroyed / rebuilt C) were destroyed /were rebuilt D) is destroyed / has been rebuilt E) destroys / rebuilds
2. You can’t use this textbook now. It … by your friend.
A) takes B) has been taken C) took D) were taken E) had taken
3. Many modern apartments … in Berlin since 1980.
A) are built B) are building C) were built D) have been built E) has been built
4. The new film … in all the big theatres of the city.
A) is demonstrated B) was being demonstrated C) is being demonstrated D) would be demonstrated E) had been demonstrated
5. Nobody likes … for at night.
A) be sent B) is sent C) was sent D) to be sent E) sent
6.Jane asked Bob: “What did you buy yesterday?” Jane asked Bob what … .
A) he would buy the next day B) he bought yesterday C) he had bought the day before D) he has just bought E) his friend had already bought
7. He said, “I do not want to see this film”. He said that … .
A) he did not want to see that film. B) he doesn’t want to see a film. C) he didn’t want to see this film. D) he wanted to see that film. E) not to see that film.
8. He says “What do the pupils study?” He asks … .
A) what do the pupils study. B) what the pupils study. C) what the pupils studied. D) what the pupils have studied study. E) whether the pupils study something.
9. My mother told me … .
A) did not go there. B) that I can go there. C) not to go there. D) not going there. E) let not go there
10. The director wondered … .
A) if I know English. B) If I knew English. C) he knows English. D) how I know English. E) who has known English.
11. Mary says “I clean my room every day.” Mary says that … .
A) I clean her room every day. B) she cleans my room every day. C) she cleaned her room every day. D) she cleans her room every day. E) her room was cleaned every day.
12. - “Have you seen my daughter?” a woman is asking her neighbor. A woman is asking her neighbor … her daughter.
A) has she seen B) have I seen C) if she has seen D) if they have seen E) have you seen
13. He … me if I … a taxi yesterday.
A) will ask / takes B) ask / take C) is asking / shall take D) asked / had taken E) will ask / take
14. What’s the name of the woman ... was wearing the gold dress?
A) * B) which C) where D) who
15.A: Shall I buy meat or fish? B: I’ve already told you what ....
A) to buy B) buying C) buy D) bought
16. A: What are you ...? B: I’m resting.
A) done B) do C) doing D) to do
17. Thank you for... me.
A) helping B) help C) to help D) helped
18. Let’s ... in the sun.
A) sitting B) to sit C) sat D) sit
19. A: Why do we go to school? B: ....
A) To learn B) Learning C) Learned D) Learn
20. Could you ... me the time?
A) telling B) to tell C) tell D) told
Variant 4
1. I … that I … at the station at 5.
A) was told / should be met B) told / is being met C) tells / am met D) am told / was met E) will be told / would be met
2. Heroes … by people because they served their people and their country.
A) is remembered B) was remembered C) are remembered D) had been remembered E) would be remembered
3. By the time we came to the bookshop all books … .
A) are sold B) were sold C) had been sold D) are being sold E) is being sold
4. Don’t touch the door, it … just … .
A) is / being painted B) has / been painted C) is / painted D) will / be painted E) would / be painted
5. Scientific articles … often … in this paper.
A) to be / published B) are / being published C) are / published D) have / published E) are / publish
6. She asked in surprise … .
A) if he had really read all the books B) if this is what her mother buys her C) if the cafe is still open D) whether I have already read his article E) did she caused much trouble
7. The doctor asked his nurse … .
A) when is she going to give the medicine to the B) if she would come in time the following day C) if the patient prepared for the operation D) if the tests are ready for applicants E) when the patient feels asleep tell me
8. They … us that they … from their families for more than a year.
A) tell / were not hearing B) would be told / hear C) had told / don’t hear D) told / had not heard E) told / will be hearing
9. Teachers always tell their pupils … .
A) not to cross street when the traffic light is red B) doesn’t cross the road on red traffic light C) don’t ask many questions if they are not D) when they come to the lesson E) they helped their parents
10. I wondered … .
A) if the train had come on time B) had the train come on time C) whether the train comes on time D) if the train will come on time E) when the train is due to come
11. She promised her friends she … and … them the next day.
A) had come / had seen B) will come / see C) would come / see D) comes / sees E) came / saw
12.“You must do what you are told”. She said … .
A) that must do what I was told B) what have to do what I was told C) what had to do what I was told D) that she must do what she was told E) she had to do what she was told
13. The sergeant said that nothing … from the two boys since they … at the Victoria Station.
A) was heard / saw B) will be heard / were seen C) had been heard / were seen D) had heard / saw E) would have heard / were seen
14. You’re reading the book ... I wanted to read.
A) when B) who C) which D) where
15.There is nothing ....
A) to do B) doing C) did D) do
16. Have you got anything ...?
A) reading B) to read C) read D) reads
17. She is good at ....
A) to swim B) swimming C) swims D) swum
18. It takes a long time ... a foreign language.
A) learning B) learned C) learns D) to learn
19. A: I’ve got a headache. B: Well, why don’t you ... an aspirin?
A) to take B) take C) taken D) taking
20. Why are you ... my tea?
A) drinking B) to drink C) drunk D) drink
Midterm test 2 (Sample)
Variant 1
Carol says she … Fred for years.
A) was known B) has been knowing C) has known
Mom asked what time we … back the day before.
had come B) have come C) come
The teacher ordered the pupils … .
A) not to shout B) to not shout C) don’t shout
Chris said his parents … then.
A) sleep B) were sleeping C) has been sleeping
Lena asked if I … her my pen.
A) could lend B) could have lent C) will lend
Tom said: ‘I want to visit my friends this weekend.’
A) Tom said he wants to visit his friends that weekend. B) Tom said he wanted to visit his friends that weekend. C) Tom said he wanted to visit his friends this weekend.
Jerry said: ‘I’m studying English a lot at the moment.
Jerry said he was studying English a lot at that moment. B) Jerry said he was studying English a lot at the moment. C) Jerry said I was studying English a lot at that moment.
They said, 'We've lived here for a long time.'
They said they have lived there for a long time. B) They said they lived here for a long time. C) They said they had lived there for a long time.
He asked me, 'Have you finished reading the newspaper?'
A) He asked me if had I finish reading the newspaper. B) He asked me if I had finished reading the newspaper. C) He asked me if I finished reading the newspaper.
'I get up every morning at seven o'clock.', Peter said.
A) Peter said he got up every morning at seven o'clock. B) Peter said I got up every morning at seven o'clock. C) Peter said he had got up every morning at seven o'clock.
11. If we meet at 9:30, we … (to have) plenty of time
A) will have B) would have C) would have had
12. Lisa would find the milk if she … (to look) in the fridge.
A) looks B) looked C) had looked
13. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she … (to feed) the animals.
A) doesn’t feed B) didn’t feed C) hadn’t fed
14. If you spoke louder, your classmates… (to understand) you.
A) will understand B) would understand C) would have understood
15. Dan … (to arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
A) Will arrive B) Would arrive C) Would have arrived
16. You… ( to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework
A) Will have B) Would have C) Would have had
17. You … (to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework
A) will have B) would have C) would have had
18. If you… (to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
A) swim B) swam C) had swum
19. The door will unlock if you … (to press) the green button.
A) press B) pressed C) had pressed
20. If Mel … (to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.
A) asks B) asked C) Had asked
Variant 2
Claire explained that she ___ to hurt me.
wasn’t mean B) hadn’t meant C) hasn’t meant
She said they ___ to the beach if the weather was fine.
will go B) went C) would go
Tom says he ___ a newspaper.
is reading B) was read C) read
My father asked if I ___ that film.
has watched B) will be watching C) was watching
Kate’s mom warned her that it ___ to rain.
is going B) was going C) has been going
We said: 'We shall visit Canberra'.
We said that we shall visit Canberra. B) We said that we should visit Canberra. C) We said that we should visited Canberra.
They said: ‘We are staying with a very nice family'.
They said that they were staying with a very nice family. B) They said that we were staying with a very nice family C) They said that they are staying with a very nice family
I said: ‘Everything is so green and natural'.
I said that everything have been so green and natural. B) I said that everything was so green and natural. C) I said that everything would be so green and natural.
Olga said: ‘My sister and I won this trip to London'.
Olga said that her sister and she won that trip to London B) Olga said that his sister and she won this trip to London C) Olga said that my sister and she won that trip to London
I said: ‘A decision was made to create a new city'.
I said that a decision was made to create a new city B) I said that a decision had been made to create a new city C) I said that decision had made to create a new city.
If I knew his address, I … him.
visited B) would visit C) had visited
If Sue … anybody the news, it won’t be a secret.
tells B) had told C) told
If Tom … the bus, he would have come to the meeting on time.
hasn’t missed B) missed C) hadn’t missed
If I see Jill, I … her to call you.
would remind B) will remind C) has reminded
If I were you, I … the red dress.
had chosen B) would choose C) choose
If she had been taking care of her health, she … ill.
wouldn’t have fell B) didn’t fall C) wouldn’t have fallen
We will stay at this hotel if it … much.
doesn’t cost B) didn’t cost C) hadn’t cost
If Mark … for the job, he would have got it.
applies B) will apply C) had applied
If it were not for the snow, we … a car to the cinema.
can drive B) could drive C) could drove
If he had phoned me, I … him the home task
would have told B) would tell C) told
Variant 3
She tried to find out where we ___ our holidays the previous year.
had spent B) will spend C) are spending
Mike told us they ___ tennis all morning the day before.
played B) had been playing C) has played
My aunt said she ___ me an interesting book.
may bring B) might brought C) might bring
The customer asked where they ___ meat.
has sold B) sold C) will sell
Sean added that he ___ Ann the next day.
would visit B) will visit C) had visited
Greg told his brother he ___ pop music.
couldn’t stand C) can’t stand D) can’t have stand
Dina says she ___ to the museum yesterday.
has been B) will be C) was
Tim explained that he ___ his mom’s car.
didn’t take B) hadn’t taken C) hasn’t taken
Laura asked if I ___ some tea.
have wanted B) will want C) wanted
10. My sister told me ___ an ice-cream for her.
buy B) to buy C) bought
11.They’ll go to the restaurant if they ___ a table in advance.
would reserve B) reserve C) reserved
12.If I found a purse, I ___ it back to the owner.
would give B) had given C) will give
13.If Mark ___ so much, he would be fit.
didn’t ate B) won’t eat C) didn’t eat
14.If he hadn’t asked for the directions, we ___ lost.
might has got B) might have got C) may got
15.We’ll miss you a lot in case you ___ to another house.
will move B) would move C) move
16.I wish I ___ in the countryside. (but I don’t)
lived B) live C) would live
17.I won’t believe you unless you ___ clear evidence.
give B) will give C) had given
18.We would have been injured in the crash if we ___ seatbelts.
hasn’t been wearing B) hadn’t been wearing C) wore
19.If you hadn’t left your camera at home, we ___ lots of pictures.
could took B) took C) could have taken
20.If John ___ the local race, he will take part in the national championship
won B) wins C) would win
Variant 4
My father said: ‘I have been travelling a lot lately'.
A) My father said that he have been travelling a lot lately B) My father said that he had been travelling a lot. C) My father said that he had been travelling a lot lately.
Sasha said: ‘Sydney and Melbourne are so much bigger than Canberra'.
A) Sasha said that Sydney and Melbourne were so much bigger than Canberra. B) Sasha said that Sydney and Melbourne was so much bigger than Canberra. C) Sasha said that Sydney and Melbourne have been so much bigger than Canberra
Mother said: ‘I’m thinking of going to France'.
A) Mother said that she is thinking of going to France B) Mother said that she was thinking of going to France. C) Mother said that I was thinking of going to France
They said: ‘New trees are being planted all over Australia'.
A) They said that new trees were being planted all over Australia B) They said that new trees are being planted all over Australia. C) They said that new trees have being planted all over Australia
Victor said: ‘I have not lived in Moscow very long'.
A) Victor said that he had not lived in Moscow very long B) Victor said that he has not lived in Moscow very long C) Victor said that he had not lived in Moscow long
People said: ‘A lot of trees had been cut down in the past'.
A) People said that a lot of trees had been cut down in the past B) People said that lot of trees had been cut down in the past C) People said that a lot of trees has been cut down in the past.
Mary:"Our teacher will go to Leipzig tomorrow."
A) Mary said that their teacher would go to Leipzig tomorrow. B) Mary said that their teacher would have gone go to Leipzig the next day. C) Mary said that their teacher would go to Leipzig the next day.
Helen:"I was writing a letter yesterday."
A) Helen told me that she has been writing a letter the day before. B) Helen told me that she had been writing a letter the day before. C) Helen told me that she had been writing a letter yesterday.
Jennifer:"Where do you play football today?"
A)Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where I had played football. B) Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where I played football. C) Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where did I play football.
10.Teacher: "Do your homework!"
A)The teacher told me to do my homework. B) The teacher told me do my homework. C) The teacher asked me to do my homework
11.I ___ in case I am not right.
A)Has apologized B) would apologize C) will apologize
12.If Mike joined the studio, he ___ a great dancer.
Ahad become B) would become C) will become
If I were you, I ___ about the incident.
wouldn’t have worry B) hadn’t have worried C) wouldn’t worry
If Jack hadn’t passed all the exams, he ___ the university
wouldn’t have finished B) didn’t finish C) hadn’t finished
If I ________ you, I would apologize to her right away. (to be)
was B) were C) have been
If I run into her, I ________ her that you're looking for her. (to tell)
A) would tell B) tell C) will tell
If you ________ that again, I will call the police. (to do)
A)do B) will do C) did
He would never have asked her out on a date if she ________ him first. (to kiss)
hadn't kissed B) didn't kiss C) will not kiss
If you were her, what ________? (to do)
would you do B) did you do C) do you do A)
If she hadn't gone to England, she ________ Orlando Bloom. (to meet)
would not meet B) did not meet C) would not have met
Final test (Sample)
Variant 1
1. _____ you speak Spanish?
A) May B) Are C) Can D) Is
2. A: _____ I go? B: Yes, you can.
A) Could B) Am C) Need D) Did
3. _____ you help me with my homework?
A) Are B) May C) Can D) Need
4. You _____ enter without a tie.
A) aren’t B) can’t C) ought not D) weren’t
5. Cigarettes _____ seriously damage your health.
A) are B) do C) can D) were
6. Are you afraid ______ exams?
A) at B) from C) on D) of
7. My friend and I always go to school ______ the bus.
A) by B) on C) in D) at
8. He tried to open the tin ______ a knife.
A) with B) by C) from D) out of
9.Have you heard that a friend of ___ went to Vietnam
A) my B) mine C) her D) their E) its
10. That is the girl ___ brother came to see ___
A) that / we B) whose / us C) which / they D) whom / its E) what / us
11. If ___ has ___ questions, I’ll be pleased to answer them.
A) someone/any B) anyone/any C) none/any D) anyone/none E) someone/none
12. It was ___ music I have ever heard.
A) more beautiful B) less beautiful C) the most beautiful D) beautiful E) most beautiful
13. It’s ___ powder I have ever used.
A) good B) - C) the best D) best E) better
14. John is ___ of all to act.
A) quickest B) quick C) - D) quicker E) the quickest
15. How long _____ in Paris?
A) do you live B) are you living C) have you been living D) you live
16. Anna _____ a good job.
A) finds B) has found C) founded D) has been finding
17. She’s tired because she _____ all day.
A) shopped B) shops C) has been shopping D) has shopped
18. I live in a house now, but before I _____ in a flat.
A) am using to live B) used to live C) had used to live D) have used to live
19. Alison _____ in Chicago, but she would like to go there one day.
A) was B) has been C) wasn’t D) has never been
20. I _____ the book back to the library after I _____ reading it.
A) take / finished B) have taken / have finished C) took / had finished D) had taken / finished
Variant 2
1. _____ you pass the salt, please?
A) Do B) Are C) Should D) Could
2. _____ you remember which shoe you put on first this morning?
A) May B) Can C) Should D) Were
3. You _____ be hungry. You’ve just had dinner.
A) aren’t B) can’t C) may D) must
4. You _____ be hungry. You had no lunch.
A) can’t B) shouldn’t C) must D) couldn’t
5. Sorry, this _____ be my bag. Mine is brown.
A) can’t B) must C) can D) could
6. Listen! I think there is someone ______ the front door.
A) on B) at C) in D) with
7. There’s a paper ______ the floor. Please put it ______ the wastebasket.
A) at / into B) on / at C) on / in D) over / at
8. There was a storm ______ the night, it rained _____ three or four hours.
A) at / in B) during / for C) in / since D) during / at
9. She always thinks of ___ happiness.
A) another B) others C) other D) another’s E) others’
10. There’s a wonderful new restaurant opened in town. You _____ go there.
A) shouldn’t B) must C) don’t have to D) should
11. If this hat is ___, where have you put ___?
A) your/mine B) his/hers C) mine/her D) ours/their E) hers/my
12. I have ___ time than he does.
A) bigger B) larger C) most D) less E) least
13. This girl is ___ intelligent than the rest of the class.
A) most B) the most C) more D) the more E) much
14. Two heads are ___ than one.
A) good B) bad C) worse D) worst E) better
15. Pete and I _____ for over six month.
A) are gone B) have gone out C) went out D) have been going out
16. I _____ a new flat a few months ago.
A) bought B) have been buying C) have bought D) buy
17. Sorry. I _____ one of your glasses.
A) have broken B) broke C) break D) have been breaking
18. I ____ to sleep until I _____ my homework.
A) don’t go / did B) had not gone / had done C) didn’t go / did D) didn’t go / had done
19.As soon as he _____ his driving test, he _____ a car.
A) passed / bought B) had passed / bought C) passes / had bought D) passed / had bought
20. When I _____ the letter, I _____ it away.
A) read / had thrown B) had read / had thrown C) had read / threw D) read / threw
Variant 3
1. A: Will the director be back in the office today? - B: He said he _____ be, but he wasn’t sure.
A) can B) might C) may D) has to
2. A: Is this a 24 bus coming? - B: It__ be. I can’t see the number yet.
A) might B) can’t C) may not D) must
3. A: _____. B: I’m sorry, but I haven’t got my car.
A) Will you give me a lift? B) Shall I drive you to school? C) Could you drive a bit faster? D) When shall we meet?
4. A: _____. - B: Yes, please. Can I give you the money now?
A) Will you lend me some money? B) Will you buy some fruit on the way back home C) Shall we go to the opera tonight? D) Shall I get you a ticket for the Madonna Concert?
5. If you don’t feel better you _____ go to bed.
A) ought B) should C) don’t have to D) needn’t
6. What’s the price ______ this tie?
A) of B) at C) in D) to
7. We are meeting ______ next Thursday.
A) on B) _ C) at D) in
8. They have lived in Spain ______ the second World War.
A) during B) for C) since D) at
9. Why is ___ sitting in the dark?
A) we B) she C) you D) I E) her
10. - What has Ann? - ___ has a very nice cat
A) we B) it C) she D) he E) them
11. Will ___ please give me your pen?
A) he B) she C) you D) him E) them
12. -Why didn’t you discuss this question yesterday? -It was ___ important than the others.
A) little B) least C) the least D) - E) less
13. Your English is much ___ now. You’ve made___ mistakes this time.
A) best / least B) better / less C) the best / less D) good / less E) best / the least
14. The Thames is ___ river in Great Britain.
A) the longest B) long C) longest D) - E) longer
15. How long _____ your car?
A) have you had B) you have C) are you have D) have you been having
16. Tom _____ as a postman for the past month.
A) has worked B) worked C) works D) has been working
17. How long _____ this book?
A) do you read B) are you reading C) have you been reading D) have you read
18. Sarah’s English is getting better. She _____ a lot of English since she_____ here.
A) learnt / has come B) has learnt / has come C) has learnt / came D) learnt / came
19. Mike and Jack _____ here five months ago. They _____ in this city for five months.
A) came / have been B) have come / have been C) come / were D) has come / has been
20. David can go to bed now. He _____ his homework.
A) finish B) has finished C) finishes D) finished
Variant 4
1. A: I’ve got toothache. B: You’d _____ go to the dentist.
A) better B) should C) used to D) must
2. Betty has a temperature. She _____ be ill.
A) had better B) used to C) cannot D) must
3. Good morning sir, what _____ I do for you?
A) would B) can C) shall D) must
4. We _____ to stop pollution.
A) must B) should C) had better D) ought
5. _____ careful! You are making mistakes.
A) Be B) Must C) Do D) Did
6. The children wore boots to play ______ the snow.
A) at B) by C) of D) in
7. There’s a good restaurant ______ the Bolu road.
A) between B) in C) on D) at
8. We stopped for three-quarters of an hour ______ Heathrow Airport.
A) at B) in C) over D) on
9. I have a cat. ___ is very nice.
A) you B) they C) it D) it's E) who
10. How many children have THE TAYLORS?
A) them B) they C) it D) their E) its
11. ___ didn’t take our children to the park as ___ were at school.
A) her / our B) we / they C) us / they D) we / them E) his / her
12. This question is ___ than the first one, let’s discuss it tomorrow.
A) important B) less important C) the most important D) the least important E) -
13. Do you have ___ or ___ sunny days this summer?
A) more / few B) many / less C) much / little D) more / less E) many / few
14. We have ___ money than they have.
A) little B) much C) less D) few E) many
15. Lisa _____ me a lift because I _____ the bus.
A) gave / missed B) have given / have missed C) gave / had missed D) had gave / missed
16. I _____ her for everything she _____.
A) thanking / did B) thanked / had done C) have thanked / has done D) had thanked / had done
17. They _____ here for three years.
A) lives B) are living C) live D) have been living
18. I didn’t recognize him because he _____ a haircut.
A) had had B) has C) had D) have had
19. He always makes me _____.
A) to laugh B) laughing C) laugh D) be laughed
20. She refused _____ for the meal.
A) paying B) to pay C) pays D) the pay
References: Basic literature
1. Закон об образовании РК, № 319-III, 27.07.2007, г. Астана.
2. Государственный общеобязательный стандарт образования
Республики Казахстан. Бакалавриат. Основные положения. ГОСО РК 5.04.019-
2008. Издание официальное, МОН РК. Алматы. 2008
3. Кунанбаева С.С. Современное иноязычное образование: Методология
и теории. Алматы, 2005.
4. Отраслевые двуязычные словари: русско-английский, русско-немецкий, русско-французский.
Supplementary literature
1. R. Murphy English grammar in use (elementary)
2. R. Murphy English grammar in use (intermediate)
3. Clive Oxenden New English File (Pre-Intermediate)
4. Clive Oxenden New English File (Intermediate)
5. Liz and John Soar New Headway (Pre-Intermediate)
6. Liz and John Soar New Headway (Intermediate)
7. Tom Hutchinson Life Lines (pre-Intermediate)
8. Tom Hutchinson Life Lines (Intermediate)
9. Stuart Redman EnglishVocabulary in Use. Cambridge University Press 2005
10. Jack C. Richards Developing Tactics for Listening 2005
11.И.З.Новосёлова Учебник английского языка для сельскохозяйственных вузов.1984.
12.Н.А. Бонк Учебник английского языка. Москва 1995
13.Л.П. Христорождественская Английский язык Минск 2004
14.С.Петрова, О.Рудавин Английский язык. Экпресс-курс, Москва 2004
15.Т.Г. Шелкова Деловой английский. Москва 2000
16.В.С. Шахназарова Английский для Вас. Москва 1995
17. С.И.Блинова Практика английского языка. Москва 1995
18. И.П. Агабекян Английский для инженеров. Ростов-на-Дону 2004
19. Ю. Голицынский Сборник грамматических упражнений. Москва 2005
20.Т.Ю. Дроздова English Grammar: Reference and Practice. С.Петербург 2002
21.Д. Рахимова Английский язык 2010, УМК для студентов всех специальностей
B.E.Alimzhanova, m.I.Baigoshkarova, d.E.Kapanova, d.M.Rakhimova english tutorial Part I, level b1
Сдано в набор Подписано к печати ____________
Формат ___________ Заказ № __________
Объем ______ уч. изд. л. Тираж _____ экз.
.Издательство Казахского агротехнического университета им.С.Сейфуллина, 2016
010011,г. Астана, пр.Жеңіс 62 а, тел. 3939 17