V. Зайдіть та підкресліть у тексті речення з суб'єктним інфінітивним зворотом.

Варіант 4

I. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть українською мовою подані нижче речення; звертайте увагу на функцію інфінітива.

1. The experiment to be carried out is of great importance for our research.

1. To make interplanetary flights in the future it is necessary to know factors affecting the human organism.

2. Lavoisier was the first to discover the importance of quantitative analysis of chemical elements.

3. Tshernov was proud to have found the best temperatures for the hot working of steel.

4. For the experiments we need several electrical devices to be connected in series.

II. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть українською мовою подані нижче речення. Пам'ятайте, що суб'єктний та об'єктний інфінітивні звороти відповідають підрядним реченням.

1. Nowadays the principle of operation of a radio set appears to be quite simple.

2. Radio engineering is known to be of great importance for many branches of modern science.

1. We expect any processing engineer to be familiar with the basic fabricating processes.

2. Achievements in radio engineering are believed to have laid the foundation for further progress in the field of long-distance communication.

3. The rocket may be said to work on the reaction principle.

III. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть українською мовою подані нижче складні речення. Зверніть увагу на переклад умовних речень.

1. If the metal had been heated slowly, the first changes in its appearance would have occurred at a temperature of 1000°K.

2. If mechanization is introduced, the plant will produce more goods of high quality.

3. It would be impossible to ensure the full energy supply without atomic power plants.

4. If I were free, I should help you with pleasure.

IV. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть текст.

Lunar exploration.

Our solar family consists of the sun, nine known planets and their satellites, asteroids, comets and meteors. The most important body in this great family is the sun. There are few kinds of energy on the earth that are not the gift of the sun.

The sun's mass is 750 times that of all the planets put together. Like all the other bodies in the universe, it is composed of the same sort of materials we find on the earth. Of all the elements or building blocks of nature which we have discovered, some 68 have been found on the sun, and none have been found in the sun which are not now known on earth.

Our sun has a surface temperature of about 6,000°C. A star as hot as the sun must radiate an enormous amount of heat. Every square metre of the sun's surface radiates energy equal to 84,000 horse power. Yet the total amount the earth receives is only a very small fraction of it. Here is a possible source of energy for the future.

The age of the earth is about two billions of years. The sun must have been in existence long before the earth was formed.

The Earth’s nearest celestial neighbour the Moon – is only 384,400 km away from us. That is why, it appears sufficiently large and bright.

Lunar exploration began in 1959 when the Soviet Union sent its Luna-3 spacecraft around the Moon. It radioed back the first photographs of the Moon's far side. In July 1969 two American astronauts landed on the Moon and carried out a variety of experiments on the surface of the Moon.

The kilometres of film exposed by the astronauts, the specimens of rock brought back to the Earth and other data studied by hundreds of scientists from countries all over the Earth have led to new views on several basic problems.

Before the landings the Moon was thought to be a simple body with the same composition throughout. But we now know it to be a body with a metallic core at its centre, a silica-rich mantle and a crust. Lunar soils proved to contain a type of structure that is not common on Earth.

The types of rocks that were encountered on the Moon are familiar to our geologists. However, almost all of these rocks have lower proportions of elements with lower melting points than does the Earth.

Detailed examinations of the lunar rocks indicate to relatively high melting points such as calcium, aluminium and titanium. So the Moon and the Earth seem to be more similar than had been thought for the last few years.

None of the lunar rocks contain any trace of water bound inside their minerals. This ends all hopes that water and life existed on the Moon at any time in the past.