Assignment

Comment on the following points.

1. Essence of spouse abuse.

2. Statistics of spouse abuse in the USA.

3. Attitude of the authorities to this problem in the USA.

4. Difficulties in imposing proper punishment to abusers.

5. Organizations aimed at helping people abused in families.

Part III

Grammar exercises

There is - there are

I. Put questions to the underlined words Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. There are trial and appeals courts in the USA.

2. There are over 600 000 lawyers in the United States.

3. In 1985 there was more crime in the USA than there was in 1980.

4. There are federal and state court systems in the United States.

5. There are both state and federal criminal laws.

6. There are many different styles of family living.

7. After applying for a marriage license, there is often a short waiting period.

The Degrees of Comparison

I. Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. Crime rates are generally higher in larger cities and in urban areas.

2. A higher court or a court in another can area disagree with this precedent.

3. All lower courts in the area must follow the precedent set in the written opinion (ruling) issued by the appellate court.

4. A smaller number of lawyers are professors, judges or elected officials.

5. The standard of proof is more difficult in a criminal case.

6. In today’s law office computer skills are often more important than traditional skills such as shorthand.

7. During the last few years crime has grown faster in suburbs and in rural areas.

8. The Supreme Court rules on only the most important cases.

9. Legal secretaries are involved in many of the legal profession’s most interesting activities.

10. The best way to find an experienced lawyer is through the recommendation of someone who had a similar legal problem.

11. Countries much poorer than the United States have far less crime.

12. Don’t wait! The longer you wait, the more likely it is that the criminal will get away.

13. Today couples are laving fewer children or in some cases, no children at all.

The Active Voice

I. Explain the use of the tense form. Put questions to the underlined words.

1. Civil laws regulate many everyday situations.

2. Crime affects us all.

3. Victims suffer most.

4. Recent reports suggest that the crime rate is leveling off.

5. In some areas the crime is declining.

6. The question «What is law?» has troubled people for many years.

7. Crime has long been a major problem in the United states.

8. When they came to London she told him that she had betrayed the man’s secret to turn the robbers’ attention from her.

9. Criminal intent means that the person intended or meant to commit a crime.

10. Robin Hood stole from the rich to give to the poor, but his actions were still unlawful.

11. During the Vietnam War the government charged several people with conspiracy for speaking publicly to young men on how to avoid the draft.

12. In 1966 the US Supreme Court began to change the theory and operation of the justice system.

13. The family is the bedrock of our society and it will no doubt continue to adapt and prosper.

14. An appeals court will issue a written opinion (ruling) when it decides a case.

15. They will try him for perjury.