I. How do we call a person who:

1. discovers something? 2. founds some new theories? 3. investigates some new phenomena? 4. researches in some field of science? 5. observes some changes in the experiments?

II. Answer the questions:

1. What was I. M. Sechenov?

2. What was he the founder of?

3. How many scientific works did he write?

4. What did he investigate?

5. What conclusion did he come to?

6. What did Sechenov investigate the process of absorption of carbon dioxide by?

7. What is the transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs due to?

III. Translate text c using a dictionary:

Text C. HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE

When John and Jacqueline Kennedy lost their newborn son Patrick in 1963 most Americans had never heard of the disorder that took the life of the President’s child: hyaline membrane disease (HMD). The disorder is largely confined to prematurely born infants; in the USA it strikes 20,000 “preemics” and despite improved treatment still kills more than 3,000 of them.

HMD is related to the underdevelopment of the lungs of the infants. The air sacs of the lungs collapse causing rapid, difficult breathing and in many cases death by

suffocation. Underdeveloped lungs do not produce enough of a vital substance called pulmonary surfactant, a whitish, soap-like chemical that coats the lungs and keeps air spaces open. Without surfactant the air sacs in the lungs become stiff and collapse preventing inhalation, and the lungs become dense and hyaline or glass-like. The usual treatment of HMD involves the administration of oxygen-enriched air (sometimes with the aid of a respirator) until the lungs are mature enough to manufacture a sufficient amount of the chemical.

Тест для самоконтроля 4

1. Укажите русские эквиваленты английских глаголов.

a. to follow a. накачивать, выбрасывать

b. to increase b. увеличивать, повышать

c. to pump c. защищать

d. to estimate d. существовать

e. to exist e. наблюдать

f. to protect f. следовать, соблюдать

g. to accomplish g. оценивать, подсчитывать

h. заканчивать, завершать

2. Укажите существительные, подходящие по смыслу определениям.

a. pulse a. volume

b. fluid b. span

c. physical c. rate

d. life d. tissue

e. exertion

3. Вставьте в предложение соответствующий предлог.

Heartbeat may increase … physical exertion.

4. Выберете правильный вариант.

The accomplishment of the respiratory process is due to …

a. oxygen b. leucocytes c. hemoglobin d. platelets

5. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.

The vital capacity of the … is about 3-4 liters.

6. Выберете правильный вариант.

When people … the lungs dilate.

a. breathe b. breath c. breathe in d. breathe out

7. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.

It is known that … becomes oxygenated in the lungs.

8. Выберете правильный вариант.

The total blood … is from 7 to 10% of the body weight.

a. count b. feature c. volume d. passage

9. Укажите слово с отрицательным значением.

a. enable b. weakness c. considerable d. discontinue

10. Укажите сказуемое в Perfect Active.

a. was allowed b. will combine c. has accomplished d. is investigating

11. Выберете правильный вариант.

The doctor stated that the patient перенес pneumonia.

a. has had b. had had c. was had d. had

12. Укажите неопределенно-личное предложение.

a. It is necessary to perform the operation immediately.

b. It is this surgeon who saved the life of the patient.

c. It is my book and I want to take it back.

d. It is known that the pulse rate increases on physical exertion.