Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Shpak.doc
Скачиваний:
3
Добавлен:
01.07.2025
Размер:
1 Мб
Скачать
☆

V. Answer the following questions:

  1. Why can money be used to measure economic activity?

  2. What is the relative price?

  3. What do relative prices measure?

  4. What is called microeconomics?

  5. Why is it useful to have a measure of the aggregate price level?

  1. What is price index usually created by? What is the Gross Nationai Product? What can a price index be used for?

VI. Define the terms:

commodity aggregate output

microeconomics relative prices

price index imports

market prices exports ;t

VII. Translate into English:

1. U,iKa, AKa 6yna BH3nanena Ha u,en Tosap, BHaBHJiaca Ay*<e bmcokok). 2. Hk6m y hmx 6yB Bn6ip, bohm 3aKynnnn 6 o6naflHaH-hh 3a TBepflHMM ujetaMM. 3. CnojKnaanHfl nannBa 3MemuHnocb y 3B'fl3Ky 3 niABMLneHHRM nOAeTKiB. 4. JIk bw ouJHtoeTe KyniBenbHy cnpoMWKHicTb u,ieT KOMnaHU? 5. 3aTpnM«a y nocTanaHni cno-HtMBHHX TosapiB nepeBMLUnna A^a ™>KHi. 6. fpoiui — BMriAHnii 3aci6 BMMipK>BaHHH pe3ynbTariB eKOMOMWHoV AianbHOCii. 7. 3mihm y BiAHOCHMX uJHax BiAo6pa>KaK>Tb 3Miwi b anbTepHatMBHHx uJHax. 8. Bin BiiBHae MiKpoeKOHOMiity BHte BnpoflOBW ab°x pows.

VIII. Read and dramatize the following dialogue:

A.: You know that the radical reform of our national economy may be realized on the basis of a new price formation system, setting up a single market.

S.: Yes, I know it perfectly. What's beyond me is why we should try to invent the bicycle when it was already done ages ago. Why can't we study the experience of the common market thoroughly and apply it to our reality with corresponding alterations. Surely it may be much easier and help avoid possible mistakes and miscalculations.

A.: I agree with you. They have a wide experience in this field. And it took them over 40 years at that. Since the EEC was created in 1957 they have had several stages in developing their collective currency unit.

S.; One thing's absolutely clear. We can't do it in a day. It may take quite a long time.

A.; Again I agree with you there.

B.: And we must have a really common currency unit for our trading community instead of the existing currency.

A.: Naturally our existing currency should be covered by the amount of goods produced, i. e. we should check, fight down so to say, the inflationary process first of all.

B.: How serious is it in our country?

A.: Some say 2%, others up to 6%. No one knows exactly.

B.: There're many terms in our economic literature concerning currency. Let's see which is which. First, what is hard currency and soft currency?

A.; Hard currency is defined as one that is reliable and stable, which is why it is readily accepted by foreign countries in

; payment for goods or of debt. Soft currency is defined as one that is not convertible to gold or into certain other currencies which are more in demand as it is likely to fall in value usually because of an adverse trade balance.

122

123

B..* What foreign exchange belongs to hard currency?

A.: Currencies of almost all advanced industrialized countries and even of some developing or as they are now called newly-industrialized countries like Singapore or South Korea. I can't enumerate them all, but one thing's quite clear, that the US dollar, the Japanese yen and the Deufsche mark are most popular and more or less reliable at that.

S.: I'm not an expert in financial matters, but I think that the real exchange rate is necessary not only in respect of hard currencies but in respect of clearing currencies as well.

A.: What does a real exchange rate imply?

8.: Perhaps I won't be able to answer your question properly but I know that monetary exchange is impossible without the real exchange rate; and there must be several stages; but first is the convertibility of our currency inside this country.

A,; What does that mean?

B.: That means that our enterprises must have a chance to buy foreign currency for our currency to pay for their machinery imports to modernize their factories.

A.: How can that be achieved?

B.: A domestic monetary market should be created or a cu­ rrency exchange should be allowed. ;>.

A.: That's a good prospect but it seems far away to me.

8.: I don't think it'll take much time.

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]