Unit 15. Transportation Planning

Lead in

1

Customer Satisfaction: On-time delivery, Minimum delays/ damages/ losses.

Productivity Efficiency: Transit time reduction, Lower variability of transit times.

Cost Minimization: Vehicle Acquisition / Fuel Consumption Minimization, Minimization of Overtimes and excess Personnel Costs.

2

1. air 2. sea 3.rail 4.road 5. pipeline

Vocabulary

2

1 g; 2. j; 3. i; 4. b; 5. a; 6. h; 7. e; 8. f; 9. c; 10. d.

3

Sample synonyms: 1. dangerous, 2. yard, 3. weight without a container, 4. to lift up, 5. cargo, 6. supervise, 7. width, 8. ship, 9. shipment, 10. carrier.

4

1. part truck load; 2. payload; 3. come up to; 4. consignment; 5. insurance; 6. handling damage; 7. oversee; 8. oversees.

5

1. harmful; 2.watch; 3. luggage; 4. weight; 5. complete; 6. election; 7. handling; 8. lifetime.

Reading 1

C

Sample synonyms: 1. route, 2. demand, 3. decisive, 4. spectrum, 5. virtue, 6. concrete, 7. capacity, 8. currently, 9. outcomes, 10. robust, 11. farseeing, 12. to aspire, 13. to profit, 14. foreign, 15. local, 16. dispatch, 17. choice, 18. more than one form of carrier.

D

1.e, 2. d, 3. f, 4.g, 5. h, 6. c, 7. b, 8. a.

E

1. with; 2. of; 3. down; 4. for; 5. on; 6. in; 7. on; 8. beyond; 9. on.

F

1. to require, requirement, requital; 2. to ship, shipment, shipper, shipping, shipping; 3. to move, movement, mover, movable, moveless; 4. to function, functionality, function, functional, functionary; 5. to provide, provision, providence, provider, provided, provident, providential, providing.

Grammar

1.

1. each; 2. each; 3. every; 4. every; 5. every; 6. each; 7. every.

2.

1. all; 2. neither; 3. none; 4. both; 5. either; 6. either; 7. any.

3.

1. is waiting; 2. is; 3. knows; 4. spend; 5. wants; 6. are; 7. doesn’t pay, breaks, is likely to have.

Speaking

1. B 2. C 3.A

2.

Bottles, boxes, metal dispensers, pallets, roll-pallets, sacks, barrels, etc.

3.

Shape, size and weight of transported goods / Ability to stack units on top of each other / Other handling criteria (transport means loading ability, ability to carry certain storage types, Warehouse gates dimensions)

Reading 2

C

1 embrace – involve; 2. shop – store; 3. market – retail; 4. rise – increase; 5. key – major; 6. discharging – elimination; 7. significant – important; 8. basic – essential; 9. limited – restricted; 10. guarantee – ensure; 11. essential – critical; 12. comprehend – understand; 13. correct – accurate; 14. correlation – balance.

D

1. g, 2. a, 3. e, 4. b, 5.c, 6. d, 7. f.

E

1. down; 2. within; 3. to; 4. between; 5. from.

F

1. to differ, difference, different; 2. to deliver, delivery; 3. to reduce, reduction, reduced, reducing; 4. to customize, customer, customary; 5. to utilize, utilization; 6. to necessitate, necessity, necessary.

Unit 16. Financial Flow

Vocabulary

2.

1. e; 2. j; 3. h; 4. a; 5. i; 6. b; 7. с; 8. d; 9. g; 10. f

3.

1. packing list; 2. pro forma; 3. cost, insurance, freight; 4. The Incoterms; 5. amended invoice; 6. take out; 7. irrevocable; 8. letter of credit

4.

1. d; 2. h; 3. a; 4. f; 5. b; 6. g; 7. c; 8. e.

5.

1. bill of lading; 2. documents against payment; 3. Harmonized Tariff Schedule; 4. certificate of Origin; 5. Air Waybill; 6. letter of credit; 7. pro forma; 8. Incoterms

Reading 1

E

1. b; 2. h; 3. f; 4. g; 5. a; 6. c; 7. j; 8. i; 9. k; 10. d; 11. e.

F

Sample synonyms: 1. essential approach, 2. main debate, 3. key element, 4. trade, 5. trust, 6. instant application, 7. to necessitate, 8. to be short of rivalry, 9. to employ, 10. client, 11. great worry, 12. vendor, 13. to implicitly define, 14. commodities, 15. presently, 16. offer, 17. to say clearly, 18. to use, 19. term, 20. compulsory, 21. to authenticate a paper, 22. in conformity with, 23. to appraise, 24. to be proper, 25. to receive a load of goods, 26. readiness, 27. to demand, 28. to discover and punish persons who violate the law, 29. overpriced, 30. to think about trade.

G

1. to pay, payment, paid; 2. to require, requirement, required, requiring; 3. to secure, securement, security, secure; 4. to receive, receivables, receiver, receivable; 5. indebtedness, indebted; 6. availability, available; 7. to satisfy, satisfaction, satisfactory.

H

1. in, on, 2. of. 3. on. 4. for. 5. with. 6. with. 7. at. 8. on.

Grammar

1.

1. another; 2. others; 3. the other; 4. another; 5. the others; 6. other; 7. the other; 8. another; 9. the other; 10. the others.

2.

1. much; 2. many, a little; 3. a little, many; 4. only a few, a few; 5. little; 6. many; 7. so few; 8. few; 9. a little English; 10. many.

3.

1. number; 2. amount; 3. number; 4. figures; 5. level; 6. numbers; 7. amount/quantity; 8. levels; 9. figures; 10. amount/quantity.