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3. Complete the sentences using the necessary term from the box.

open-top containers piggybacking motor lorries quay pipelines block train reefer containers rigid box

  1. The impact on society of __is vast, allowing consumers all over the world to enjoy fresh produce at any time of year and experience previously unavailable fresh produce from many other parts of the world.

  2. The walls of __are generally made of corrugated steel, the floor is made of wood, the roof consists of removable bows and a removable tarpaulin, the door header may be swiveled out. 

  3. Liquids and gases are transported in__ and any chemically stable substance can be sent through it.

  4. __ is a wharf or reinforced bank where ships are loaded or unloaded.

  5. __ is a railway (US: railroad) train in which all the cars (non-US: wagons) making it up are shipped from the same origin to the same destination, without being split up or stored en route.

  6. __ literally refers to carrying someone on one's back or shoulders. In the field of transportation it combines road and train transport.

  7. Smaller __ are built as a single unit, but larger trucks are frequently combinations of a truck tractor, which contains an engine, transmission, and cab, and a semitrailer, which is a trailer that the tractor hauls.

  8. The sturdiness of__ comes from its non-collapsible design and the protection it provides for its contents and the intrinsic value added by its sturdy construction help make any product sale and last longer.

4. Match the words from two columns to form a phrase.

  1. congested

  1. body

  1. hinterland

  1. container

  1. perishable

  1. train

  1. spreader

  1. fuel

  1. swap

  1. corridors

  1. block

  1. beam

  1. flat-rack

  1. connections

  1. fossil

  1. freight

5. Circle the correct word or phrase.

    1. A motor lorry/bogie or a railroad truck, wheel truck, or simply truck in North America, is a structure underneath a train to which axles (and, hence, wheels) are attached through bearings. In Indian English, it may also refer to an entire railway carriage.

    2. Lashing rings/congestions, to which the cargo may be secured, are installed in the upper and lower side rails and the corner posts of a container.

    3. It is very easy to pack and unpack the flat-rack container/ open-top container from above or through the doors by crane or crab when the roof is open.

    4. When being transported over the road on a trailer reefer/tanktainer can be powered from powered generators ("gen sets") which attach to the container whilst on road journeys.

    5. Break-bulk/perishable freight refers to material in either liquid or granular, particulate form, as a mass of relatively small solids, such as petroleum, grain, coal, or gravel.

    6. A quantity of objects stacked or thrown together in a heap is called a stack/pile.

    7. Transtainer/tanktainer involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (rail, ship, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes.

    8. Transtainer/Block train saves time and money, as well as the hassle, delays and confusion associated with assembling and disassembling trains at rail yards near the origin and destination. It also enables railways to compete more effectively with road and internal waterway transport systems

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