- •Unit 1. Leading Companies of Oil and Gas Industry
- •Chevron: Providing Energy for Human Progress
- •Preparing for an interview
- •Category 2. Questions about Education
- •Modal Expressions: Ability and Inability
- •Unit 2. Business Conduct and Ethics Code of an Engineer
- •Code of Business Policies of tnk-bp
- •Canons of Professional Conduct
- •Improbability:
- •Impossibility:
- •Modal Expressions: Scale of Likelihood
- •Unit 3. Delivering Innovative Technology
- •Delving Deeper: Unlocking Offshore Energy
- •Presentation as a Special Communicative Genre
- •1. Communicative act
- •2. Attention Curve
- •3. Mode of Delivery
- •Types of Public Speeches
- •Informative speeches
- •Persuasive speeches
- •Goodwill (ceremonial) speeches
- •The Structure of a Presentation
- •Introduction
- •Conclusion
- •Information Organisation Patterns
- •1. Field m Development History
- •2. Drilling in Extreme Northern Regions
- •3. Abiogenic Petroleum Origin
- •Modal Expressions: Obligation
- •Unit 4. Company Profile and Records
- •Language of Presentations: Style and Typical Constructions
- •1. Style: communication instead of performing
- •Most audiences prefer a relatively informal approach. Compare the two variants with different degree of formality. Which one do you prefer?
- •Predominance of passive voice
- •Long attributive groups
- •Typical constructions
- •1. Introducing the topic
- •2. Previewing your speech
- •4. Closing a point / Changing the subject
- •11. Concluding your speech
- •12. Distributing support documentation
- •13. Closing formalities
- •14*. Transitions in a group presentation (combination of one speaker’s summary and another speaker’s preview) – should provide natural and logical flow of ideas.
- •Effective Vocal Techniques
- •1. Articulation / Word Stress
- •2. Pausing
- •3. Sentence Stress
- •4. Intonation
- •Body Language
- •Powerpoint Presentation Building Tool
- •Illustrations
- •Prepare a ‘Cue-Card’ Outline
- •1. Signaling your readiness to answer the questions
- •2. Handling Interruptions
- •5. Offering help to clarify information
- •A) Agree to a request q: Could we see that slide again?
- •Evaluation form
- •Modal expressions with perfect infinitive
- •Unit 5. Communication at Work
- •Questionnaire: Are You a Model Employee?
- •1. Understanding Responsibilities
- •2. Meetings (I)
- •3. Meetings (II)
- •4. General Workplace Communication
- •5. Regulations
- •6. Purpose of Job
- •Play Well With Others: Develop Effective Work Relationships
- •Department / departmental meeting
- •Roles at the meeting: chairperson
- •Roles at the meeting: participant
- •Meetings: Politeness strategies
- •Present Tenses
- •Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Present Perfect
- •Unit 6. Safety at the Working Place
- •The Role of hse Issues in Petroleum Technology
- •Development of Petroleum Technology
- •The Ways to Combat Pollution from Petroleum Industry
- •Information Accentuation Techniques
- •1. Emphasis
- •Intensification
- •Emphatic attitude
- •Stressing auxiliaries and negatives
- •2. Rhematization – main idea at the beginning
- •3. Rhetorical questions
- •4. Creating rapport
- •Question tags
- •Negative question forms
- •Past tenses
- •Past Simple and Past Continuous
- •Past Perfect
- •Unit 7. Geology
- •Bodies of rock
- •Types of rock
- •Geological processes
- •Geologic features
- •Miscellaneous
- •Geology Quiz – Rocks and Minerals
- •Geoscience: introduction
- •Petroleum geology
- •Active vs Passive Voice
- •Unit 8. Formation Evaluation
- •Investigation of Reservoir Rocks
- •Interrelationships between Formation Evaluation Methods.
- •Conditionals
- •Unit 9. Oilfield Exploration and Reserves
- •Oilfields and Reserves
- •Comparison of adjectives
- •Use Of Visual Aids
- •Key Points for Successful Presentation of Statistical Information
- •1. Graphs and Charts
- •Ex. 25. Match the following types of visuals to their functions.
- •Commenting On a Visual
- •Ex. 31. Study the following patterns. Cause, Effect and Purpose
- •Relative clauses
- •Unit 10. Reservoir Engineering
- •Miscellaneous
- •Reservoir engineering
- •Reading Units of Measure
- •Gerund and Infinitive
- •Unit 11. Drilling Engineering
- •Structures
- •Other equipment
- •Miscellaneous
- •The Basics of Drilling Technology
- •Various types of bit:
- •Subordinate clauses of result and purpose
- •A subordinating conjunction followed by a verb
- •Unit 12. Well Completion and Production Technology
- •Well treatment techniques
- •Reservoir treatment techniques
- •Well Completion and Treatment
- •Countable and uncountable nouns
- •Unit 13. Research and Development in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Technological Progress in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Adjectives and adverbs
- •Unit 14. Environmental Monitoring in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Types of environmental damage
- •Types of tanks
- •Protective methods and equipment
- •Miscellaneous
- •Oil Spill Prevention and Response
- •Cleanup and Recovery
- •Prepositions of place
- •Unit 15. Academic Writing and Scientific Research
- •Types of research
- •Research professionals
- •General terms
- •Writing a Research Paper
- •1. Why a Scientific Format?
- •2. The Sections of the Paper
- •3. Section Headings
- •Introduction
- •A) Title, Authors' Names, and Institutional Affiliations
- •Oil Mobility in Transition Zones
- •Ex. 12. Read the second part of the text and note down the most useful recommendations.
- •1. Abstract
- •Ex. 13. Read an abstract of a research paper and find the following elements in the text:
- •3. Materials and methods
- •4. Results
- •5. Discussion
- •6. Acknowledgments (include as needed)
- •7. Literature cited
- •8. Appendices
- •Language of Research Papers
- •Bibliography
Unit 12. Well Completion and Production Technology
Lead-in
Ex. 1. Study the following definitions.
Well treatment techniques
acid fracturing |
кислотный ГРП |
A well-stimulation operation in which acid, usually hydrochloric [HCl], is injected into a carbonate formation at a pressure above the formation-fracturing pressure. |
surfactant |
ПАВ (поверхностно-активное вещество) |
A chemical that acts as a surface active agent. |
well stimulation |
стимуляция скважины |
A treatment performed to restore or enhance the productivity of a well. |
workover |
КРС (капитальный ремонт скважины) |
The repair or stimulation of an existing production well for the purpose of restoring, prolonging or enhancing the production of hydrocarbons. |
Reservoir treatment techniques
acidizing |
кислотная обработка |
The pumping of acid into the wellbore to remove near-well formation damage and other damaging substances. |
consolidation |
укрепление |
A means of controlling the undesirable production of sand from weak sandstone formations. Sand consolidation chemically binds the grains of sand while maintaining sufficient permeability to achieve viable production rates. |
formation damage |
повреждения призабойной зоны |
Alteration of the initial characteristics of a producing formation, usually by exposure to drilling fluids. |
hydraulic fracturing |
ГРП (гидравлический разрыв пласта) |
A stimulation treatment performed on oil and gas wells in low-permeability reservoirs. Specially engineered fluids are pumped at high pressure and rate into the reservoir interval to be treated, causing a vertical fracture to open. |
proppant (propping agent) |
проппант (расклинивающий агент) |
Sized particles mixed with fracturing fluid to hold fractures open after a hydraulic fracturing treatment. |
sand control |
борьба с выносом мехпримесей |
The installation of equipment or application of techniques to prevent migration of reservoir sand into the wellbore or near-wellbore area. |
skin |
скин |
A dimensionless factor calculated to determine the production efficiency of a well by comparing actual conditions with theoretical or ideal conditions. A positive skin value indicates some damage or influences that are impairing well productivity. A negative skin value indicates enhanced productivity, typically resulting from stimulation. |
Ex. 2. Check how well you have understood the definitions by answering the following questions.
What direction do hydraulic fractures take?
Is positive skin favourable?
What is necessary to keep fractures open after hydraulic fracturing?
What are the purposes of workover?
In what kind of formations is acidizing efficient?
What is the common cause of formation damage?
Why do reservoirs need consolidation?
Reading and Vocabulary
Ex. 3. Read the text, referring to the definitions if necessary.