Vocabulary b

1. Look up the following synonyms and explain their difference. Translate the sentences below into Russian.

To ban – blacklist – forbid – outlaw – prohibit - taboo

1. Many doctors now say that boxing should be banned, for it causes irreparable damage to fighters’ physical and mental health.

2. Relatives of the prisoners were banned from visiting them.

3. Films like that must be banned.

4. Robert Jordan thought that, labeled as a red, he must have been blacklisted and would have difficulty finding work.

5. The management forbids employees to accept tips from their customers.

6. In Saudi Arabia alcohol and drug use are forbidden.

7. Forbidden fruit is sweetest.

8. The officials claim that it will be very difficult to outlaw a practice which is such a common occurrence.

9. Attempts to outlaw abortion in the country have not been successful.

10. Russian law prohibits non-state organizations from operating orphanages.

11. International Law prohibits the use of chemical weapons.

12. Cameras are prohibited inside the cathedral.

13. Taboo words should not be allowed in public as they are quite offensive.

14. Death is a taboo subject for many people.

15. You shouldn’t mention Bertha’s divorce in her presence – it is taboo.

2. Complete the following sentences using the most suitable synonym (Ex. 1).

1) Their religion ____ them to eat meat.

2) First the Government ____ corporal punishment in schools and later on extended the ban to childminders.

3) Slavery was not officially ____ in Australia until 1859.

4) When Alice applied for another loan she found she had been ____.

5) Lady Chatterley’s Lover was ____ when it was first published.

6) The prisoners were strictly ____ to talk to each other while they were taking their daily exercise.

7) The position taken by educators here is that of denial – topics like drug and sex abuse are regarded as ____ and therefore are altogether avoided

8) Cars are ____ in the city centre.

9) He was ____ as one suspected, though not convicted of child abuse.

10) The employees are ____ from smoking on the premises during working hours.

3. Learn the following words, expressions and patterns.

- to state one’s opinion

- apart from smth/ doing smth

- to take the opposite approach

- legislation (requires smb to do smth); under the legislation

- to outlaw/ make smth illegal

- in view of smth

- to resist pressure from smb

- to follow suit

- to debate an issue

- to put smth on the agenda; to remain on/ off the agenda

- to aspire to smth

- to be aware of/ that…

- the impact of smth on smth/ smb; to have/ make an impact on smth

- to concede smth/ that…

- to abide smth/ by smth

- abuse (n)

4. Translate the following into Russian. Pay special attention to the parts in bold type.

1. I am not making excuses, I’m simply stating my opinion.

2. According to Valery Giscard d’Estaing, the EU needs a president. However, well-organized opposition from the EU smaller states took the opposite approach.

3. Apart from providing humanitarian aid to the country, the UN is also supposed to put the issue on the agenda as soon as possible.

4. Parliament is still debating the bill.

5. If you have any problems, you should make the management aware of them.

6. She aspires to nothing less than the chairmanship of the company.

7. Trade union membership was virtually outlawed under the newly introduced legislation.

8. Both sides pledged themselves to abide by the terms of the agreement.

9. I hardly knew anyone on the board apart from Professor Greggs.

10. The judge resisted pressure to lengthen the sentence.

11. When it is constant, verbal abuse is almost certainly akin to physical abuse.

12. Funding the health service is now back on the political agenda.

13. Tougher environmental legislation could have a negative impact on economic growth.

14. She is an excellent athlete who is already making a real impact in world competitions.

15. They began to offer takeout food, and other restaurants followed suit.