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- •English for students of biological departments Навчально-методичний посібник
- •Content
- •Unit 1. Biology
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Make nouns from the following verbs and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •II. Make nouns with the help of suffixes -ist, -ian and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words:
- •II. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: biology
- •Notes to the texts:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •V. Retell the text “Biology” using the questions after it as a plan.
- •VI. Read the text using a dictionary and tell your partner what branch you are interested in and why: The Main Branches of Biology
- •VII. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Complete the sentences using a positive, negative or question form of the verb to be:
- •II. Open the brackets. Translate the sentences:
- •III. Choose the right answer. Translate the sentences:
- •IV. Ask questions to the words in italics:
- •V. Make sentences; choose the correct form of the verb to have got:
- •VI. Translate the sentences; mind the Possessive Case of the Nouns:
- •VII. Replace the of-phrase by the noun in the possessive case:
- •Unit 2. The cell
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Make adjectives from the following verbs and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •II. Make adjectives with the help of suffixes -ful, -less and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read the following biological terms and international words. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Pay attention to the formation of some plurals of Latin and Greek origin:
- •IV. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: The Cell
- •Notes to the texts:
- •V. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •V. Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:
- •VI. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •VII. Retell the text “The Cell” using the questions after it as a plan.
- •VIII. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it: The Cell Theory
- •Notes to the texts:
- •IX. Look through the text and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
- •X. Put as many questions as possible to the text and be ready to answer them.
- •XI. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Write the plural form of the following nouns. Translate them:
- •II. Write the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives. Translate them:
- •III. Complete the sentences using the comparative or superlative form of the adjectives given in brackets:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian bearing in mind the various meanings of the words in italics:
- •V. Insert (a) few, (a) little:
- •VI. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative:
- •VII. Open the brackets using the Indefinite Tenses. Translate the sentences:
- •Unit 3. The molecular diversity of life
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Make verbs from the following nouns. Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •II. Read the following words paying attention to the stress. Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •III. Say what verbs were these words made from. Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read the following biological terms. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: Molecules of Life
- •Notes to the texts:
- •IV. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •VI. Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:
- •VII. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •VIII. Retell the text “Molecules of Life” using the questions after it as a plan.
- •IX. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it: Amino Acids
- •Notes to the texts:
- •X. Look through the text and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
- •XI. Put as many questions as possible to the text and be ready to answer them.
- •XII. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Use the necessary form of the indefinite article (a or an):
- •II. Insert the right article:
- •III. Insert the right article paying attention to proper names:
- •IV. Insert some or any where necessary:
- •V. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative:
- •VII. Use one or ones instead of the nouns in italics where possible:
- •VIII. Translate the sentences, mind the verbs in the Continuous Tenses:
- •Unit 4. Chemicals of life
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Make adverbs from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •II. Make nouns from the following verbs with the help of suffix -ment and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read the following biological terms. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: Enzymes
- •Notes to the texts:
- •IV. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •V. Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:
- •VI. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •VII. Retell the text “Enzymes” using the questions after it as a plan.
- •VIII. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it: Minerals and Vitamins
- •Notes to the texts:
- •IX. Look through the text and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
- •X. Put as many questions as possible to the text and be ready to answer them.
- •XI. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Open the brackets giving figures in letters:
- •II. Answer the following questions. Write your answers in words:
- •III. Choose the right word (either an adjective or an adverb):
- •IV. Open the brackets paying attention to degrees of comparison of adverbs:
- •V. Translate the sentences, mind the verbs in the Perfect Tenses:
- •VI. Fill in the gaps using since or for:
- •VII. Link part of the sentence in Column a with the correct part in Column b bearing in mind the meaning of the sentence:
- •VIII. Finish the following situations using Past Perfect:
- •Unit 5. Cromosomes and genes
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Translate into Ukrainian, mind pronunciation of the suffixes:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Read the following biological terms and international words. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: What Are Genes, dna and Chromosomes? Understanding the Basics of Genetic Disorders
- •IV. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •III. Make up the questions to the underlined words:
- •IV. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons:
- •V. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •VI. Retell text a using the questions after it as a plan.
- •VII. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it:
- •Variations in our genetic code
- •Notes to the texts:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •IX. Complete the following to make suitable sentences according to the text:
- •X. Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:
- •XI. Put as many questions as possible to the sentences of the previous exercise and be ready to answer them.
- •XII. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice:
- •II. Form Questions in Passive using the given words/phrases:
- •III. Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). You must either use Simple Present or Simple Past:
- •IV. Rewrite the sentences. Use the passive voice and keep the same tense:
- •V. Rewrite the sentences in the more natural form of passive voice:
- •VI. Make questions in passive voice to complete the dialogue:
- •VII. Introduce correct passive forms of the verb in Continuous Tenses:
- •VIII. Put the following sentences into passive voice:
- •IX. Make these present perfect sentences passive. You don't need to repeat somebody:
- •X. Rewrite the sentence given in the example in passive voice. Use the correct tense:
- •Unit 6. Mutations
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Read and translate into Ukrainian:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Read the following biological terms and international words. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: What is a gene mutation and how do mutations occur?
- •IV. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •VI. Look through the text and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
- •VII. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •VIII. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it: Chromosomal Mutation
- •Notes to the texts:
- •IX. Put questions to the following statements:
- •Grammar exercises
- •II. Join the sentences and use the words in brackets:
- •III. Complete the sentences:
- •IV. Choose the correct ending:
- •V. Rewrite the complete sentences with who, which or whose. Which of these words do we use for: people? things/animals? objects to show posession?|
- •Unit 7. Mutations and environment
- •Wordbuilding
- •I. Form new words with the help of the following suffixes and prefixes, translate into Ukrainian:
- •II. Form new words with the help of word building components, translate into Ukrainian:
- •III. Choose the correct word for each blank:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read the following biological terms and international words. Translate them without a dictionary paying attention to the part of speech:
- •III. Read the text below using a dictionary where necessary: Mutagens: How the Environment Affects Mutation Rates
- •IV. Answer the following questions to check how carefully you have read the text:
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Complete the following to make suitable sentences according to the text:
- •II. Give the Ukrainian for:
- •VII. Match the word (1-8) and its definition (a-h):
- •VIII. Translate the following text into English using the words from the text:
- •IX. Read the text using a dictionary and speak on it: Mutagenesis in Amphibian Populations
- •Notes to the texts:
- •X. Make up the questions to the text so that the answers will make up the summary of it.
- •XI. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Translate into Ukrainian, mind the rules of sequence of tenses:
- •II. Rewrite the following sentences transforming the main clause to the Past Simple, translate them into Ukrainian:
- •III. Write the sentences using the correct form of the verb, translate them into Ukrainian:
- •IV. Make compound sentences using the sentences in parentheses as main clauses. Mind sequence of tenses rules:
- •V. Test your grammar. Mind sequence of tenses rules:
- •VI. Complete the sentences:
- •VII. Make reported questions. Start each answer with “She asked me”:
- •VIII. Make reported questions. Start your answer with “She asked me”:
- •IX. Read the dialogue and report it:
- •X. Make reported requests or orders. Start each sentence with 'she asked me' or 'she told me'. It's the same day, so you don't need to change the time expressions:
- •XI. Test your grammar:
- •Texts for supplementary reading All Living Things Share Key Characteristics
- •Theories about the Origin of Cells
- •Dna Fingerprinting
- •Behaviour Genetics and Methods of its Strudy
- •Adult Stem Cells
- •Epigenetics
- •Genetic Engineering
- •What Causes Cancer?
- •Thomas Hunt Morgan and his Work on Drosophila
- •Early Cloning Experiments
- •Ethical Controversies of Cloning
- •Genetically Modified Organisms
- •Grammar reference guide артикль (the article)
- •Іменник (the noun)
- •Прийменник (the preposition)
- •Займенник (the pronoun)
- •Прикметник (the adjective)
- •Числівник (the numeral)
- •Типи питальних речень
- •Дієслово (the verb)
- •Теперішній неозначений час (the present indefinite tense)
- •Минулий неозначений час (the past indefinite tense)
- •Майбутній неозначений час (the future indefinite tense)
- •Теперішній тривалий час (the present continuous tense)
- •Минулий тривалий час (the past continuous tense)
- •Майбутній тривалий час (the future continuous tense)
- •Перфектні часи (perfect tenses)
- •Теперішній перфектний час (the present perfect tense)
- •Минулий перфектний час (the past perfect tense)
- •Майбутній перфектний час (the future perfect tense)
- •Пасивний стан дієслова (passive voice)
- •Узгодження часів (sequence of tenses)
- •Irregular verbs
- •Glossary
- •English for students of biological department
- •61077, М. Харків, майдан Свободи, 4
VIII. Put the following sentences into passive voice:
1. They were expecting a guest.
2. The chef wasn't cooking the meat.
3. The women were cleaning all the blinds.
4. They were watching the newest videos.
5. Who was taking care of the baby?
6. Why were they picking the flowers?
7. Were they painting the room when the accident happened?
IX. Make these present perfect sentences passive. You don't need to repeat somebody:
Example: Somebody has cleaned the kitchen - The kitchen has been cleaned.
1. Somebody has watered the plants .
2. Somebody has taken the money .
3. Somebody has bought the presents .
4. Somebody has finished the report .
5. Somebody has killed the President .
6. Somebody has repaired the road .
7. Somebody has elected that man .
8. Somebody has learned lessons .
9. Somebody has fired John .
10. Somebody has ordered new books .
11. Somebody has prepared the meal .
12. Somebody has sent the email .
13. Somebody has eaten the strawberries .
14. Somebody has fixed the heating .
15. Somebody has made coffee .
16. Somebody has turned on the air conditioning .
X. Rewrite the sentence given in the example in passive voice. Use the correct tense:
Example: They make cars here. – Every day cars are made here.
1. At the moment …
2. When I was here last time …
3. Next week ….
4. If we got the licence …
5. Before our company went bankrupt …
6. Normally, …
7. Last week …
8. Since 1995 …
Unit 6. Mutations
Wordbuilding: Prefixes dis-; un-; in-; im-; il-; ir-; re-; mis- Grammar: I. Conjunctions II.Compound and complex sentences Text A: What is a gene mutation and how do mutations occur? Text B: Chromosomal Mutations |
Wordbuilding
dis-; un-; in-; im-; il-; ir-; re-; mis-
I. Read and translate into Ukrainian:
order – disorder, advantage – disadvantage, real – unreal, soluble – unsoluble, comfortable – uncomfortable, definite – indefinite, accurate – inaccurate, organic – inorganic, possible – impossible, pure – impure, legal – illegal, regular – irregular, reversible – irreversible, write – rewrite, construct – reconstruct, produce – reproduce, place – replace, organize – reorganize, understand – misunderstand, calculate – miscalculate, information – misinformation.
PRE-TEXT EXERCISES:
I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations.
permanent постійний, незмінний
range коливатися в певних
межах
lifetime ціле (все) життя;
тривалість життя
hereditary спадковий
germ зародок, ембріон
throughout протягом,
упродовж
virtually фактично; реально;
по суті
fertilization запліднення
de novo де-ново, нові
affect впливати,
шкодити здоров'ю
pass on проходити далі,
переходити
the individual індивід; особа
rare рідкісний
common загальний, звичайний
percent відсоток, процент
health здоров'я
influence впливати
certain певний, відомий
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