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Exercise 7. Give the English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.

1. neglected teeth

a) розхитані зуби

2. to manufacture dentures, bridges or crowns

b) свердлити та пломбувати зуби

3. loose teeth

c) вирівнювати скривлені зуби

4. to drill and fill the tooth

d) виготовити зубні протези, мости або коронки

5. to deaden the pain

e) накладати скоби

6. a dental emergency room

f)притупляти біль

7. to straighten crooked teeth

g) запущені зуби

8. to put braces (wires)

h) застосовуватизнеболюючий засіб

9. to apply an aneasthetic

i) відділення швидкої стоматологічної допомоги

Exercise 8. Rephrase the parts in bold type in the following sentences.

1. One must undergo dental inspection twice a year.

2. If a tooth is not far gone the doctor will treat it.

3. Тhе dentist will not put in a filling today, he will do it in two days.

4. This tooth can't be stopped, it must be pulled out.

5. The dentist makes a hole in the tooth to remove the area destroyed by caries.

6. The nurse gave an injection to relieve the pain.

7. Teeth may become not fixed in place due to gum diseases.

8. Orthodontists apply wires to irregular positioned teeth.

Exercise 9. Give the synonyms for

to stop a toothache, dental technician, to pull a tooth out, a tooth is far gone, a dental examination, to prescribe a treatment, to make (to produce), dental brackets.

Exercise 10. Translate the words given in italics.

Відділення швидкої стоматологічної допомоги is the place to find help if you have a tooth ache, cracked or chipped teeth, abscess or any other mouth pain.

A dental technician виготовляє протези according to the design of the patient’s dentition.

Before drilling a tooth the dentist usually застосовує знеболюючий засіб.

The orthodontist наклав скоби to the crooked teeth in the upper dentition.

The dentist already запломбував the painful tooth.

Many children wear brackets to вирівнювати скривлені зуби.

Запущені зуби sometimes can be treated only by means of extraction.

Зубна коронка is a tooth-shaped "cap" that is covers the tooth to restore its shape and strength.

Exercise 11. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of tenses in IF and WHEN-clauses.

1. If students study hard during the term, it’ll be much easier for them to pass an exam.

2. When we get back home, it'll be dark already.

3. The doctor will make his diagnosis when he has all the laboratory findings.

4. If you consult your dentist regularly you will have no dental diseases.

5. If the tooth is far gone, the dentist will extract it.

6. You needn't worry. If the tooth can be treated nobody will extract it.

7. If the doctor determines any inflammation he’ll have to make an X-ray.

8. If the teeth are crooked, the child will need braces.

Exercise 12. Open the brackets using correct forms of the verbs.

1. Surgeons extract teeth that cannot (treat).

2. The examination of the oral cavity (perform) by the prosthodontist when people want dentures.

3. Bridges, crowns and dentures (make) of different materials.

4. Medical science (to make) a lot of progress in recent years both in treatment and diagnosis.

5. Different measures (to take) to save the tooth but it doesn’t help.

6. Preventive care (to deal) with the two major tooth troubles: caries and gum diseases.

7. The patient (to limit) already the consumption of sweets.

8. The doctor (to drill) the left lower molar now.

Exercise 13. Make questions to the underlined words.

Oral therapy includes such procedures as cleansing and drilling and filling teeth.

Before starting to work with patients in clinics, students are taught basic theoretical and practical sciences.

Before filling a tooth, the doctor must clean and drill it.

Doctors are looking for new ways to help patients.

People should undergo dental examination twice a year.

Many measures have been made up to prevent dental diseases recently.

If the tooth can’t be saved it’ll be extracted.

The doctor will have to extract the tooth to stop the infection.

Exercise 14. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. В стоматологічних полікліниках працюють різні спеціалісти: терапевти, хірурги, ортодонти та протезісти.

2. Якщо у Вас болить зуб, Вам слід звернутися до терапевту-стоматологу.

3. Якщо зуб не запущений, його можна вилікувати, тобто почистити, посвердлити та встановити пломбу.

4. Запущений зуб зазвичай видаляють.

5. При видалені зубів лікар використовує анастезію.

6. Хірург робить знеболюючий укол.

7. Щоб не було проблем з зубами, звертайтесь до стоматолога два разина рік для профілактичного огляду.

8. Зубний технік виготовляє протези, мости та коронки.

Exercise 15. Ask your dentist about: WHY your tooth hurts you so much

WHETHER (IF) your tooth can be treated or not

it can be filled or not

it must be extracted

WHERE you can find the laboratory

HOW LONG it will take you to have your teeth treated

WHEN you must come next time

WHAT you must do to protect yourself from tooth decay

Exercise 16. Read and translate the dialogue.

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