- •Федеральное агентство морского и речного транспорта Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Волжский государственный университет водного транспорта
- •Английский язык
- •Contents
- •Vocabulary 78
- •Technical english Unit 1
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Guess the meaning of the following international words, read and learn them.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Match the following English and Russian words.
- •Unit 2
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Arrange the following words in the pairs of synonyms.
- •Arrange the following words in the pairs of antonyms.
- •Match the following English and Russian words.
- •Give English equivalents.
- •Supply the missing English words.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I and Participle II.
- •Unit 3
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Read and translate the text. Essential Parts of a Diesel Engine.
- •Arrange the following words in the pairs of synonyms.
- •Match the following English and Russian phrases.
- •Supply the missing prepositions.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Participles.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Unit 4 Essential Parts of a Diesel Engine Major Running Parts
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Give Russian equivalents to the following words.
- •Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Are these sentences true or false?
- •Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I and Participle II.
- •Unit 5
- •Read and translate the words.
- •Guess the meaning of the following international words, read and learn them.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Match the following phrases.
- •Give English equivalents.
- •Find participles in the text and define their form and function.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to participles and participle constructions.
- •Say if the sentences are true or false. Use the following phrases.
- •Answer the questions
- •Give summary of the text using the questions from exercise 9 as a plan. Unit 6
- •Read and remember the words.
- •Guess the meaning of the following international words, read, and learn them.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Match the following phrases.
- •Give English equivalents.
- •Arrange the words according to the parts of speech.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to gerunds.
- •Unit 7
- •Volvo Penta’s New d12 Marine Diesel Engine
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Group the words according to the part of speech.
- •Match the following English and Russian phrases.
- •What do the following numbers refer to? Make a sentence about each number.
- •A) Find infinitives in the text and define their functions.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Give the summary of the text using the answers to the questions. Unit 8
- •Volvo Penta’s New d12 Marine Diesel Engine
- •Read and remember the words. Mind the pronunciation.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Match the following English and Russian phrases.
- •Supply the missing prepositions.
- •Fill in the blanks with the necessary words.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to infinitives and infinite constructions.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Give the summary of the text, using the answers to the questions. Unit 9
- •The engineers consider those new engines to be particularly suitable for ferries. Unit 10
- •Spoken english aboard merchant ship Self-Introduction - The Captain's Cabin
- •The coc Room of the Tanker
- •Self-Introduction on a Passage
- •Getting to Know the Ship - The Engine Room
- •Getting to Know the Ship - The Engine Control Room
- •Getting to Know the Ship - The Engine Store
- •A Meeting in the Engine Control Room
- •An Engine Problem
- •Taking Over at the Engine Room
- •Working Conditions
- •Supplementary reading General arrangement of the engine room
- •Main engine
- •Shaft line and main engine mounting
- •Propulsive unit
- •Technical data on pump jet
- •Main engine remote control system
- •Fuel system
- •Lub oil system
- •Grammar reference
- •The Infinitive (инфинитив)
- •Complex Object (сложное дополнение)
- •Complex Subject (сложное подлежащее)
- •The Gerund (Герундий)
- •The Participle (Причастие)
- •Vocabulary
- •Abbreviations
The Infinitive (инфинитив)
Инфинитив — неличная форма глагола, называющая действие. Признаком данной формы является частица to.
Forms of the Infinitive
|
Active |
Passive |
Simple (Present) |
to install |
to be installed |
Present Continuous |
to be installing |
- |
Perfect |
to have installed |
to have been installed |
Perfect Continuous |
to have been installing |
- |
Simple (Present) Infinitive выражает действие, одновременное с действием, выраженным сказуемым, или относится к будущему.
The safety valve is used to relieve pressure. |
|
Предохранительный клапан используется, чтобы понизить давление. |
Continuous Infinitive выражает длительное действие, одновременное с действием сказуемого.
They are said to be designing a new engine. |
|
Говорят, что они проектируют новый двигатель. |
Perfect Infinitive выражает действие, предшествовавшее действию, выраженному сказуемым.
The engine is known to have been built in Germany. |
|
Известно, что этот двигатель был построен в Германии. |
Perfect Continuous Infinitive выражает длительное действие, предшествовавшее действию, выраженному сказуемым.
This engineer seems to have been testing the new pump for a long time. |
|
Кажется, этот инженер испытывает новый насос долгое время. |
Функции инфинитива в предложении
Подлежащее |
То keep the engine clean is very important. |
Содержать двигатель в чистоте – очень важно. |
Часть сказуемого |
The function of the purifier is to treat fuel. |
Функция сепаратора состоит в том, чтобы обрабатывать топливо. |
Дополнение |
They hope to repair this engine in two weeks. |
Они надеются отремонтировать этот двигатель через две недели. |
Определение |
The engine to be installed in the tanker is very powerful.
This pump was the first to be repaired. |
Двигатель, который должен быть установлен (который будет установлен) на этом танкере, очень мощный.
Этот насос был отремонтирован первым. |
Обстоятельство цели |
To prevent the crankshaft from breakage it is necessary to watch its condition.
An auxiliary generator is installed to operate the deck machinery. |
Чтобы предотвратить поломку, коленвала, необходимо наблюдать за его состоянием.
Вспомогательный генератор установлен, чтобы приводить в действие палубные механизмы. |