I. Read and translate the text. Functions of clothing

One of the primary purposes of clothing is to keep the wearer warm or in some cases cool. In hot climates clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important. Shelter usually reduces the functional need for clothing. For example, coats, hats, gloves, shoes, socks, and other superficial layers would normally be removed when entering or once inside a warm home.

Similarly, clothing has seasonal and regional aspects, so that thinner materials and fewer layers of clothing are generally worn in warmer seasons and regions than in colder ones.

Clothing at times is worn as protection from specific environmental hazards, such as insects, noxious chemicals, weapons, and contact with abrasive substances. Clothing can protect against many things that might injure the uncovered human body. Clothes act as protection from the elements, including rain, snow and wind and other weather conditions, even from the sun. Clothes also reduce the level of risk during an activity, such as work or sport.

Humans have shown extreme inventiveness in devising clothing solutions to environmental hazards. Some examples include: space suits, air conditioned clothing, armor, diving suits, swimsuits, bee-keeper gear, motorcycle leathers, high-visibility clothing, and other pieces of protective clothing. Meanwhile, the distinction between clothing and protective equipment is not always clear-cut, since clothes designed to be fashionable will often have some protective value and clothes which are designed to be functional will often consider fashion in their design.

Vocabulary

to wear кию, киіну носить

to provide қамтамасыз ету обеспечивать

protection қорған защита

sunburn күнге қыздырыну загар

wind жел ветер

property жекеменшік собственность

shelter баспана укрытие

to reduce азайту уменьшать

superficial layers беткі,сыртқы қабат поверхностный слой

specific жекеленген определенный

environmental hazards қоршаған ортаның зияны опасность окружающей

среды

insects жәндіктер насекомые

noxious chemicals зиянды химикаттар вредный химикаты

weapons қорғаныс қорғаны оружие

abrasive substances оралатын және размывающие,

жұлынатын заттар обдирающие вещества

injure зиян келтіру повредить, испортить

inventiveness шығармашылдық изобретательность,

находчивость

space suits космосқа арналған киім костюм для космоса

air conditioned clothing ауамен қамтамасыз етілген кондиционированная

киім одежда

armor оқ тимейтін броня

diving suits су астында жүзуге арналған костюм для ныряния

киім

swimsuits суға түсуге арналған киім купальный костюм

bee-keeper gear омарташының бұйымы инструмент пасечника

motorcycle leathers мотоциклшіға арналған кожаная одежда для

теріден жасалған киім вождения мотоцикла

meanwhile деген мен тем временем

clear-cut нақты четкий

fashionable сәнді фешенебельный