II. Find in the text the following word-combinations and translate into your native languages.

1. one of the primary purposes of clothing

2. to provide protection from sunburn or wind damage

3. to reduce the functional need for clothing

4. to have seasonal and regional aspects

5. to contact with abrasive substances

6. to injure the uncovered human body

7. to have some protective value

III. Put the verbs in brackets in correct form and translate into your native language.

1. Shelter usually (to reduce) the functional need for clothing.

2. Fewer layers of clothing (to be) generally (wear) in warmer seasons

3. In hot climates clothing (to provide) protection from sunburn.

4. Clothes (to act) as protection from the elements, including rain, snow and wind

and other weather conditions, even from the sun.

5. Clothes also (to reduce) the level of risk during an activity, such as work or

sport.

IV. Answer the following questions.

1. How do the people protect from sunburn or wind?

2. What do the people wear in cold climates?

3. Do the clothes have personal and regional aspect?

4. What do people wear as protection from the elements, including rain, snow and

wind and other weather conditions?

5. What kind of protective clothing do you know?

V. Put the prepositions if necessary.

1. … hot climates clothing provides protection …sunburn or wind damage, while

…cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important.

2. Clothes act … protection ….the elements, including rain, snow and wind and

other weather conditions, even … the sun.

3. The primary purposes … clothing is to keep the wearer warm or … some cases

cool.

4. Shelter usually reduces the functional need … clothing.

VI. Retell the text.

VII. Check up your grammar.

1. Where is Robert? _______ a shower?

a) does he have b) do he have c) has he d) has he got e) is he having

2. Before I came to Britain, I …understand much English.

a) can b) can't c) not

d) couldn't e) doesn't 3. You must have as___sugar as possible. It’s bad for your health.

a) few b) little c) many

d) a lot of e) a little

4. My friend ___the answer to the question.

a) is know b) know

c) knowing d) knows

e) is knowing

5. When we arrived at the cinema the film ___.

a) Starts b) Is starting.

c) Had already started.

d) Has already started.

e) Have already start

6. It's a good film. You ….go and see it.

a) should to b) ought to c) ought d) should e) need 7. …..you tomorrow, OK?' 'OK, goodbye.'

a) I phone b) I phoning

c) I'm phoning d) I'll phone e) I am phone 8. He ___ to you unless you write to him.

a) Won’t write.

b) Doesn’t write.

c) Don’t write.

d) Didn’t write.

e) Hasn’t written.

9. …..here? - Yes, of course. a) Can I sit b) Do I sit c) Might I sit

d) Can I to sit

e) Have I sit

10. I can’t return your book. I _____ it.

a) had lost

b) have lost

c) will lose

d) had been lost

e) lost

11. At the chemist’s you can buy ______.

a) fruit b) biscuits c) rice d) some aspirin

e) clothes

12. We often …summer at the seaside.

a) live b) have c) spent

d) spend e) are having

13. We are waiting __a taxi.

a) to b) for c) after d) ---- e) of 14. 'Where …..born?' 'In Russia.'

a) you are b) you were c) was you d) are you e) were you

15. Let’s have some juice. I am ______.

a) hungry b) thirsty

c) want to drink

d) not thirsty

e) wanting to drink

Unit XIV