The Purpose of State Punishment

wrongdoer law-abiding death penalty

barbaric rehabilitate corporal punishment

humane fit behaviour

reform prevents

revenge

What is the purpose of punishment? one purpose is obviously to (a)____ the offender , to correct the offender’s moral attitudes and anti-social (b) ______and to (c)________ him or her, which means to assist the offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community. Punishment can also be seen as a deterrent, because it warns other people of what will happen if they break the law and so (d)_______ them from doing so. However, a third purpose of punishment lies, perhaps, in society’s desire for retribution which basically means (e)______. In other words, don’t we feel that a (f)____ should suffer for his misdeed? The form of punishment should also be considered, on the one hand, some believe that we should “make the punishment (g) _______ the crime “. For those who attack others, (h) ____should be used. Murderers should be subject to the principle «an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth» and automatically receive the (i)____. On the other hand, it is said that such views are unreasonable , cruel and (j)___and that we should show a moral (k)____ attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society has failed to enable him to live a respectable, (1)____ life.

Ex.12 Put each of the following words in its correct place in the passage below.

Law and punishment

detective plain clothes jury warders coroner

Verdict trial inquest death penalty solicitor

(a) If you want legal advice in Britain, you go to a ___.

(b) At the end of the ___, the judge ordered the twelve men and women of the ____ to retire and consider their ____, guilty or not guilty.

(c) Men or women who look after prisoners in prison are called prison officers or ___.

(d) If a person dies in unusual circumstances , an ___ is help at a special court , and the “judge” is called a ____.

(e) A policeman who investigates serious crime is called a ____. He wears____, not uniform.

(f) In some countries murderers are executed but other countries have abolished the __.

Topic 8

	Basic problems of criminology

Ex.1 Read and memorize the following words and expressions:
1.criminology	кримінологія
2. criminality	злочинність
3. Criminal Law	кримінальне право
4. overcoming	подолання
5. phenomenon	явище
6. quality and quantity	якість і кількість
7. an individual act	окрема дія
8. ways and means	шляхи та засоби
9. various aspects	різноманітні аспекти
10. origin	походження
11. change	заміна
12. law enforcement	застосування закону
13. treatment of criminals	ставлення до злочинців
14. investigation	дослідження, вивчення
15. cooperation	співробітництво
16. social	суспільні науки
17. legislature	законодавство
18. education	виховання
19. exist	існування
20. make it vital	робити життєво необхідним
21. find	знаходити
22. differ	відрізнятися
23. deal with	мати справу (з)
24. study	вивчити
25. analyse	аналізувати
26. keep control over	контролювати
27. repuire	потребувати

Ex. 2. Read and translate the text: