- •Передмова
- •The Profession of a Lawyer
- •Judicial profession in England
- •Types of legal professions
- •Words and phrases
- •Topic 2
- •Topic 3
- •The judicial system of Ukraine
- •English system of law
- •Words and phrases
- •Topic 5
- •Development of the Prison system
- •John Howard, 1726—1790
- •Cesare Beccaria, 1738—1794
- •Elizabeth Fry, 1780—1845
- •The Tower of London
- •Present-day Penal Institutions
- •Topic 6
- •Classification of crimes in Great Britain
- •The Definitions of the criminals
- •The police
- •The court
- •Punishment
- •Topic 7
- •Punishment
- •From the History of Punishment
- •The Purpose of State Punishment
- •Law and punishment
- •Verdict trial inquest death penalty solicitor
- •Topic 8
- •Basic problems of criminology
- •Criminology
- •Topic 9
- •Prison population
- •Unconvicted Prisoners
- •Young Offenders
- •Women prisoners
- •Habitual offenders
- •Life-sentence prisoners
- •A Lifer Keen on Canaries
- •Topic 10
- •Prison Life
- •Prisoners' Rights
- •Topic 11
- •Restitution
- •Probation
- •Suspended Sentence
- •Reparation
- •Disqualification
- •The Netherlands: a Land without Prisons
- •Topic 12
- •Preparation for Release
- •Innovative Programmes
- •Aftercare
- •The Inmate's Letter
- •Topic 13
- •Qualifications
- •Employers
- •Contracted-out prisons
- •Responsibilities
- •Завдання для контролю знань
- •II. Change the following sentences into Future Simple:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Change the following sentences into Present Simple:
- •III. Fit the meaning and the word:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Change the following into the Future Simple:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Change the following into Future Simple:
- •II. Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct form:
- •ISupreme authority, national unity, a constitutional monarch, lay magistrates II. Complete the sentences choosing the words from the box:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •Iі. Group the following words and word combinations into 3 logical groups:
- •III. Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct form:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •Islands, capital, parties, succeeded
- •Iі. Group the following words and word combinations into 3 logical groups:
- •III. Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct form:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Заповніть пропуски необхідними словами, що стоять у дужках. Перекладіть речення на українську мову.
- •III. Згрупувати подані слова та словосполучення у логічні групи.
- •IV. Підберіть українські еквіваленти до слів та виразів лівої колонки.
- •II. Заповніть пропуски необхідними словами, що стоять у дужках. Перекладіть речення на українську мову.
- •III. Згрупувати подані слова та словосполучення у логічні групи.
- •IV. Виберіть правильну відповідь на питання.
- •What is the most serious crime?
- •2. What are indictable and non-indictable offences?
- •II. Answer the following question:
- •III. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •II Answer the following questions:
- •III. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •II. Change the following sentences into Future Simple:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Change the following into the Future Simple:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •II. Change the following into Future Simple:
- •II. Change the following sentences into Present Simple:
- •III. Fit the meaning and the word:
- •IV. Answer the following question:
- •V. Match the followings English words with their Ukrainian .
- •V. Match the followings English words with their Ukrainian.
- •Список використаної літератури
- •Websites
The judicial system of Ukraine
Today Ukraine’s judicial system is made up of courts of general jurisdiction and the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. Courts of general jurisdiction form the unified system of courts. The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is the single body of constitutional jurisdiction in Ukraine. The judicial system ensures access to justice for each individual according to the procedure established by the Constitution of Ukraine and Ukrainian laws.
According to the Constitution of Ukraine, the system of courts of general jurisdiction is designed on the principles of territorial division and specialization.
The system of courts of general jurisdiction is made up from:
local courts;
courts of appeal;
highest specialized courts;
the Supreme Court of Ukraine.
The majority of the cases coming before the court are heard by local Courts. They hear and determine all cases of crimes committed against social and personal property, against justice, public order, crimes endangering the life, freedom, health or dignity of a person.
The Supreme Court of Ukraine is the highest court within system of courts of general jurisdiction. Judgements and sentences may be appealed against in a court of higher instance.
The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is a special body with authority to assess whether legislative acts of the Parliament and the President are in line with the Constitution of Ukraine. This Court also gives commentaries to certain norms of the Constitution or laws of Ukraine.
In criminal cases before the case is heard in court, there is a preliminary investigation. Examination in court is conducted in public. The court is an organ of state that administers justice on the basis of the laws of the Ukrainian state.
Ex. 3 Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian.
Judicial system, courts of general jurisdiction, unified system of courts, the single body of constitutional jurisdiction, individual, procedure, judgement, sentence, in line with, certain norms, preliminary investigation
Ex. 4 Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:
Судова справа, місцевий суд, заслуховувати справу про злочин, державна та приватна власність, громадський порядок, правосуддя, злочини, які загрожують гідності людини, Верховний суд, Апеляційний суд, Конституційний суд.
Ex. 5 Match English and Ukrainian equivalents:
Ensure access to Highest specialized courts Endangering health Examination in court May be appealed against In public On the basis of the laws A court of higher instance Legislative acts A special body Authority to assess |
суд вищої інстанції може бути оскаржений законодавчі акти вищі спеціалізовані суди відкрито спеціальний орган дізнання в суді які загрожують здоров’ю забезпечити доступ до повноваження визначати на основі законів |
Ex.6 Read and translate the sentences from the text in which the following words are used:
To be made up of, form, the system of courts, on the principles of territorial devision and specialization, to be designed, come before the court, determine, to commit a crime, the highest court, an organ of state, administer justice.
Ex. 7 Answer the following questions:
What kind of courts is Ukraine’s judicial system made up of?
What is the single body of constitutional jurisdiction in Ukraine?
What principles is the system of courts of general jurisdiction designed on?
What is the system of courts of general jurisdiction made up from?
What cases do local courts hear and determine?
What is the highest court of Ukraine?
What is court?
Ex. 8 Complete the following sentences:
Ukraine’s judicial system is made up of…
The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is...
The system of courts of general jurisdiction is designed on…
The system of courts of general jurisdiction is made up from…
Local courts hear and determine…
The Supreme Court of Ukraine is…
In criminal cases there is…
Examination in court is conducted in…
The court is an organ of state that…
Ex. 9. Check yourself up whether you know the meanings of the following words:
Nouns |
Verbs |
Adjectives |
system court body law division specialization majority crime sentence judgment justice |
to ensure to design to make up to come before to hear to determine to sentence to commit to conduct to appeal to administer |
judicial general single public territorial specialized personal social high legislative preliminary |
Ex.10. The word evidence has the following meanings in Ukrainian:
доказ
evidence at law—судові докази
свідчення
evidence for the defence—свідчення свідків захисту
докази
evidence of crime—докази злочину
свідчення
written evidence—письмове свідчення
Match the following English expressions with their Ukrainian equivalents:
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Ex.11. The Ukrainian expression судовий процес has the following equivalents in English:
Litigation - судовий процес, суперечка, тяжба
Civil litigation - судовий процес по цивільній справі
Local litigation – тяжба в місцевому суді
Litigation expenses – судові витрати
Issue in the litigation – предмет судового спору
Lawsuit – судова справа, позов, правовий спір, судовий спір, судовий розгляд, судовий процес
To be cast in lawsuit - програти судовий процес
Party to a lawsuit – сторона у справі
To life a lawsuit – подавати позов
Suit – судовий процес , позов , переслідування за судом , судова справа , судочинство
To win / to lose a suit – виграти /програти судовий процес
To mount a suit – висувати, подавати позов
To press a suit – чинити тиск на перебіг судового процесу
To bring a suit – відкрити справу
Trial – судовий процес , судовий розгляд , розгляд справи по суті
Open (-court) trial – відкрити судовий процес
To conduct / hold a trial - вести судовий процес
Staged trial – інсценований судовий процес
Trial by jury – розгляд справи за участю присяжних
To bring to trial / to put (up) on trial / to place on trial – віддати під суд
To face trial – постати перед судом
To stand trial – відповідати перед судом
Civil trial – цивільне судочинство
Criminal trial – кримінальне судочинство
Preliminary trial – попередній розгляд справи
Case for trial / trial case- справа для розгляду в суді
Case on trial – справа, яка розглядається в суді
Delay in trial – затримка судового розгляду
Trial docket / trial list – список справ до розгляду
Investigation at the trial – судове розслідування
Party to a trial- сторона судового процесу
Cause – судова справа, процес, тяжба.
Legal cause – судова справа, законна підстава
Major / minor cause – справа про серйозне правопорушення /незначне правопорушення
Costs in the cause – судові видатки
Cause list – список справ для розгляду
Side in a cause- сторона у справі
Controversy- цивільний процес, правовий спір, судовий спір.
Legal Controversy- правовий спір, судовий спір
To decide a Controversy-вирішити спір
Party in Controversy- сторона у судовому спорі
Process – судовий процес, процедура, порядок, провадження справ, судочинство, процесуальні норми.
Investigation process- процес розслідування
Proceeding (s) – судовий процес, розгляд справи в суді, судовий розгляд, судова процедура, провадження у справі, судочинство.
To take criminal proceeding (s) – порушити кримінальне переслідування
Civil proceeding (s) – цивільне провадження
Criminal proceeding (s) – кримінальне судочинство
Forfeiture proceeding (s) – процедура конфіскації
Ex.12. Find the correct answer:
1
.
A person who lives in a place is … a) an investigator
2. A person who is without work is … b) an inhabitant
3. A official in charge of making an f) judge
investigation is c) unemployed
4. A person who saw, or can give d) a lawyer
a firsthand account of something is … e) witness
5. A person whose profession is advising
others in matters of law or representing
them in lawsuits is …
6. A person with authority to decide cases
in a court of law is …
Ex.13. Fit the meaning and the word:
1
.
crime 1. those appointed to try cases , make investigations
2. verdict 2. a format examination of the facts of a case by
3. criminal a court of law
4. trial 3. an act committed or omitted in violation of a law…
5. advisor 4. the formal and unanimous finding of a jury
6. court 5. a person guilty of a crime.
6. one who advises
TOPIC 4
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Ex.1. Read and memorize the following words and expressions: |
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1. system of law, legal system |
правова система |
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2. common features |
загальні риси |
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3. sources of law |
джерела права |
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4. distinction |
різниця |
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5 written law |
писане право |
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6. statute |
законодавчий акт, статут |
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7. Equity |
суб’єктивне право, засноване на нормах права справедливості |
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8. judicial precedent |
судовий прецедент |
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9. case law |
прецедентне право (judge-made law) |
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10. decide a point of law |
винести рішення |
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11. similar set of facts |
подібні факти |
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12. earlier judgment |
попереднє судове рішення |
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13. process of analogy |
метод аналогії |
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14. generation |
покоління |
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15. built up |
утворений |
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16. Magistrate’s Court |
мировий суд |
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17. try a case |
розглядати справу |
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18. are presided over |
очолюються |
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19. lay magistrate |
мировий суддя |
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20. part-time |
за сумісництвом |
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21. unpaid |
безкоштовно |
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22. stipendiary magistrate |
суддя, що отримує платню |
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23. appeal |
оскарження |
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24. accused |
звинувачений |
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25. the right to trial |
право на судовий розгляд |
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26. final appellate tribunal |
остаточний апеляційний суд |
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27. Lords of Appeal in Ordinary |
призначувані члени Палати лордів із розгляду апеляцій |
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Ex. 2. Read and translate the text.
