Прогноз

Если источник боли устраним, прогноз обычно благоприятный. Однако в случае хронической боли (например, при артрите или отите) агрессия может персистировать, если ветеринарному врачу не удается устранить у животного боль на длительный срок или не принес успеха план модификации поведения.

Контроль

Собаки с вызываемой болью агрессией в анамнезе могут и впредь вести себя агрессивно, оказавшись в соответствующей ситуации. Описанные выше программы выработки противоположных условных рефлексов и десенситиза-ции помогают предотвратить возобновление агрессивного поведения и обеспечить долгосрочный эффект.

Игровая агрессия_

Термин “игровая агрессия” сам по себе противоречив. Он относится к случайному нанесению телесных повреждений в процессе игры, что по существу не является агрессией. Эта форма поведения подробно рассмотрена в гл. 8.

Некоторые владельцы не умеют отличать игровое поведение от демонстраций угроз и нападения (см. фиг. 20.6). В этих случаях полезно понаблюдать за поведением собаки или просмотреть видеозапись, поскольку в своем описании владельцы порой отфильтровывают факты или излагают их неточно. Видеозапись -полезный метод диагностики и контроля за ходом лечения, но им следует пользоваться с осторожностью, поскольку речь идет о фиксировании сопряженных с агрессией, а значит, опасных ситуаций.

Хищная агрессия_

Хищничество обычно классифицируется отдельно от агрессии, в основе которой лежит конфликт. Однако нередко компонент хищного поведения можно наблюдать у собак, проявляющих территориальную агрессию или агрессию, обусловленную страхом.

Преследование автомобилей, бегущих людей, велосипедистов или других быстро двигающихся целей представляет собой естественное поведение, ради которого выведены охотничьи и пастушьи породы. Собаки прерывают цепочку хищных действий и прекращают данное поведение непосредственно перед тем, как подходит момент укусить или убить “добычу” (см.фиг.20.6). Подобные модели поведения наследуются с высокой степенью вероятности и могут стать проблемными, если принадлежащая семье собака преследует бегающих детей, соседей, животных на ферме и автомобили на дороге. Более подробно эта тема рассмотрена в гл. 13.

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