The method interference contrast

The method interference contrast (interference microscopy) consists that each beam shares on two, entering in a microscope. One of the received beams goes through an observable particle, another - on the same or additional optical branch of a microscope. In ocular parts of a microscope both of a beam again incorporate. One of beams, passing through object, is late on a phase (gets a difference of a course in comparison with the second beam). The size of this delay is measured by the equaliser. It is possible to tell, that the method interference contrast is similar to a method of phase contrast - both of them are based on an interference of the beams last through a microparticle and passed it. As well as the phase-contrast microscopy, this method enables to observe transparent and colorless objects, but their images can be and multi-coloured (interference colors). Both of a method are suitable for studying living tissues and cells and are applied in many cases with this purpose. The main difference interference microscopy from a method of phase contrast is an opportunity to measure the differences of a course created by microobjects. Method interference contrast often apply together with other methods of microscopy, in particular with supervision in polarized light. Its application in a combination to microscopy in ultra-violet beams allows to define, for example, the maintenance of nucleinic acids in the general dry weight of object.

Method of research in a view of a luminescence

The method of research in a view of a luminescence (luminescent microscopy, or fluorescent microscopy) consists in supervision under a microscope of a green-orange luminescence of microobjects which arises at their illumination by blue-violet light or not visible an eye ultra-violet beams. Two optical filters are entered into the optical scheme of a microscope. One of them place before condenser. It passes from a source-gaffer radiation only those lengths of waves which raise a luminescence of the object (own luminescence), or the special dyes entered into a preparation and absorbed by its particles (secondary luminescence). The second optical filter which is established after an objective, passes to an eye of the observer (or on a photosensitive layer) only light of a luminescence. In luminescent microscopy illumination of preparations from above (through an objective which in this case serves and condenser), and from below, through usual condenser are used. Supervision at illumination from above sometimes name «luminescent microscopy in reflected light» It often share with supervision on a phase-contrast method in passing light. The method is widely applied in microbiology, virology, histology, cytology, in the food-processing industry, in the microchemical analysis, in defectoscopy. Such variety of applications speaks very high color sensitivity of an eye and high picture contrast of self-shone object a dark not luminescing background. Besides the information on structure and properties of investigated substances which can be received, knowing intensity and spectral structure of their luminescent radiation, has huge value.