Indications:

1. For the treatment of malaria in the acute period (malarial fever, malarial coma), hematoschizotropic agents are used

2. For the prevention of distant relapses of the disease (radical cure), patients who have had three or four days of malaria are treated with a histochizotropic agent acting on "dormant" schizonts (hypnozoites) - primaquine, the drug is prescribed according to the scheme.

3. For individual prophylaxis - chloroquine

4. For public prevention (especially three-day malaria) pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine (Fansidar).

5. FROMlaxity of labor; cardiac arrhythmias (in combination with digitalis drugs), whetherfever - derivatives of 4-methanolquinoline.

6. Malaria (tropical, three-day and four-day forms - for treatment and prevention) infectious polyarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, glomerulonephritis, renal amyloidosis, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, intestinal and extraintestinal forms of amoebic dysentery - derivatives of 7-chloroquinoline.

Contraindications:

1. Retinal diseases, Psoriasis, Porphyria.

2. Organic heart disease with arrhythmias, diffuse kidney damage, liver dysfunctions, blood diseases, psoriasis, diseases of the retina and cornea of ​​the eye, pregnancy.

3. Diseases of the middle and inner ear, auditory nerve, optic nerve diseases, cardiac decompensation, blood diseases, pregnancy after 4 months.

Side effects:

With long-term use of drugs are possible:

decreased appetite, abdominal pain, erythema, urticaria, headache, dizziness, sometimes tinnitus, sleep disturbances, nausea, vomiting, baldness, hair graying, blurred vision, corneal edema, irreversible changes in the retina (narrowing of the arteries, edema and yellow atrophy spots, scotoma).

Ticket 14

1. Features of the action and dosage of medicinal substances for various routes of administration.

2. Local anesthetic substances. Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Side effects. Contraindications Comparative evaluation of drugs.

3. Preparations of fat-soluble vitamins. Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Side effects. Contraindications Comparative evaluation of drugs.

4. Means used in the treatment of protozoal infections (amebiosis, leishmaniasis, giardiasis, trichomonadosis, balantidiasis). Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Side effects. Contraindications Comparative evaluation of drugs.

1. Features of the action and dosage of medicinal substances for various routes of administration.

The rate of development of the effect, its severity and duration depends on the routes of administration and dose. Sometimes the route of administration determines the nature of the action. Routes of administration: enteral and parenteral.

Enteral: through the mouth, under the tongue, buccal, into the duodenum, rectally. When administered by mouth, sterility is not required. Absorption more often occurs in the small intestine (large absorption surface and intensive blood supply), the process is relatively slow, first the substances enter the liver, then into the blood. If the drug is destroyed by gastric juice or irritates the mucous membrane, it is prescribed in capsules. When administered under the tongue, absorption is fast, bypasses the hepatic barrier, even at a small dose. Into the 12-finger, the intestine is introduced through a tube. Rectally - enters the bloodstream, bypassing the liver; not affected by gastrointestinal enzymes.

Parenteral: subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intravenous, intrasternal, intraperitoneal, inhalation, subarachnoid, intrapleural, transdermal, intranasal. Most often under the skin, into a muscle, into a vein (the effect is the fastest). In oil, injected i / m to prolong the effect. Irritating substances in / m and s / c are not administered (necrosis). IV is injected slowly, insoluble compounds, oil solutions (embolism), irritating substances (thrombophlebitis), drugs that cause blood coagulation or hemolysis cannot be injected. In / arter introduction is used in the diagnosis of tumors, blood clots. Intrasternal route is taken if IV is impossible (children, old people). In / peritoneally enter during operations. Inhalation aerosols. Into the islands, poorly penetrating through the BBB, are introduced under the membranes of the brain. Dose - number of in-va for 1 reception. Distinguish between single, daily, doses, course dose (antibiotics), loading dose.