4. Antifungal drugs. Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Side effects. Contraindications Comparative evaluation of drugs.

Classification:

• with candidiasis (nystatin, levorin, decamine, amphotericin)

• with superficial mycoses (griseofulvin, terbinafine, miconazole, iodine preparations)

• with systemic mycoses (amphotericin B, mycoheptin, miconazole).

Mechanism: fungistatic action (violation of the permeability of the cell membrane and violation of its transport function), fungicidal (terbinafine).

Indications: candidiasis, dermatomycosis, systemic mycoses.

Side effects: dyspepsia, fever, decreased blood pressure, nephro- and neurotoxicity, anemia, hypokalemia, allergies.

Contraindications: liver and kidney disease.

Amphotericin is toxic, cumulative. Miconazole is less toxic. Ketoconazole is hepatotoxic. Griseofulvin - resistance does not develop, mechanism: inhibition of the synthesis of nucleic acids. Nystatin - fungicidal and fungistatic action. Levorin is more toxic than nystatin.

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1. Definition of pharmacology as a science, its tasks, place among other medical and biological sciences. Scientific substantiation of the need for animal experiments. The significance of experimental data for the progress of science and medical practice.

Farmak-I - the science of interaction and chem. connected with live org-mami. He studies the medicines of the medium used for the treatment and the professional for the sick. Tasks - the search for new effects of drugs. The main way of their creation is chemical. synthesis. Pharmac research - study of the influence of I-in on biosystems of varying complexity (from org-ma to cell components). Biological d-e (activity) chem in-in - change-e f-th biosystem under d-e chem in-in. Pharmacology is closely related to other areas of experimental and practical medicine (physiology, biochemistry, enzymology). As a result of the creation of many highly effective drugs, pharmacotherapy has become a universal method for treating many diseases. Widespread are Wed-va, depressing and arousal n / system, changing blood pressure, stimulating the heart and breathing, regulating hematopoiesis, blood coagulation, metabolism; antimicrobial, antiparasitic, cf. professional infectious diseases. With the development of pharmacology and the development of others. sciences - surgery (drugs for anesthesia), psychiatry (psychotropic), endocrinology (synthesis of hormones), therapy (antibiotics), transplantology (immunosuppressants), oncology (antiblastoma drugs). Experiments on live animals were introduced into pharmacology / research at the beginning of the 19th century (determining the mechanism of drugs, their effect on systems and organs). In dep. sciences have distinguished experiment and clinical pharmacology, pharmacy (the science of finding, obtaining, storing, manufacturing, dispensing drugs), toxicology, immunopharmacology, pharmacogenetics, chemotherapy of inf-th and tumors. their influence on systems and organs). In dep. sciences have distinguished experiment and clinical pharmacology, pharmacy (the science of finding, obtaining, storing, manufacturing, dispensing drugs), toxicology, immunopharmacology, pharmacogenetics, chemotherapy of inf-th and tumors. their influence on systems and organs). In dep. sciences have distinguished experiment and clinical pharmacology, pharmacy (the science of finding, obtaining, storing, manufacturing, dispensing drugs), toxicology, immunopharmacology, pharmacogenetics, chemotherapy of inf-th and tumors.