3. Means that increase the tone and contraction of the myometrium. Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Contraindications Comparative evaluation of drugs.

1. Enhancing contractile activity

a) Hormones and preparations of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (Oxytocin Pituitrin)

b) Prostaglandin preparations (Dinoprost, Dinoprostone)

2.Media, which mainly increase the tone of the myometrium

BUT). Herbal products (alkaloids and ergot preparations): Ergometrine, Ergotamine, Ergot extract, Ergotal

B). Synthetic products: Cotarnina chloride

1. Drugs for stopping postpartum uterine bleeding (ergotal, ergotamine, ergometrine).

The mechanism is compression of the walls of blood vessels as a result of contraction of the muscles of the uterus.

Indications for use - Uterine bleeding in the postpartum period due to uterine atony, to accelerate the reverse development of the uterus after childbirth, uterine bleeding, spotting after abortion.

Contraindications - If the placenta has not completely departed, pregnancy, during childbirth.

Ergometrine - stronger and faster than other ergot alkaloids, acts on the uterus.

2. Preparations for stopping uterine bleeding in gynecology (Cotarnina chloride, liquid shepherd's purse extract, water pepper herb).

Cotarnina chloride - has a tonic effect on the uterus and smooth muscle organs. Indications: uterine bleeding due to fibroids and inflammatory processes, dysmenorrhea.

Shepherd's purse extract liquid - enhances the contractions of the muscles of the uterus, thereby providing a hemostatic effect. Indications: metrorrhagia, menorrhagia.

Water pepper herb is a haemostatic agent for uterine bleeding against the background of the menstrual cycle.

3. Drugs to stimulate labor (oxytocin, methyloxytocin, quinine).

Oxytocin - increases the permeability of myometrial cell membranes for potassium - increases the excitability of membranes, enhances the secretion of milk; does not change blood pressure and does not significantly affect diuresis. Indications: for arousal and stimulation of labor with weak labor; hypotonic uterine bleeding; complications of pregnancy. Contraindications: discrepancy between the sizes of the pelvis and the fetus; transverse and oblique position of the fetus; the presence of scars on the uterus after a cesarean section; threat of uterine rupture. Side effects: allergic reactions in the form of chills.

Methyloxytocin is a synthetic analogue of oxytocin. Used in the same cases.

Quinine - stimulates the muscles of the uterus and enhances its contractions. To enhance labor, they are used in combination with other drugs: castor oil, pituitrin, oxytocin, estrogens. Mechanism of action: has an anticholinesterase effect, promoting the accumulation of acetylcholine in the uterus.

4. Halogen-containing antiseptics. Classification. Mechanism of action. Indications for use. Side effects. Contraindications. Comparative evaluation of preparations.

Antiseptics are medicinal substances that suppress microorganisms on the surface of the body, on the skin and mucous membranes.

Halogenated: chlorhexidine, chloramine B, alcohol iodine solution, bleach, pantocid.

Mechanism of action: chlorine-containing substances form active chlorine and hypochlorous acid, which decays to form atomic oxygen. It enters into a connection with proteins of a microbial cell, oxidizes and coagulates. The released active chlorine replaces hydrogen atoms at the nitrogen atom of proteins, causing denaturation with the subsequent death of the microbial cell.

Indications: disinfection of household items, tools, surgeon's hands, infected wounds. Chlorhexidine is used to treat cavities.

Side effects: dry skin, dermatitis.