- •Белорусский государственный университет
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В., Хведченя л. В.
- •Предисловие
- •Can you explain why you have chosen the profession of an economist?
- •Careers: Economist
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •1. K p. A. – one thousand per annum.
- •Ex. 4. Express in one word.
- •Degrees in Economics
- •Comprehension
- •Questions
- •Outstanding Economists
- •Michael Dell Timeline
- •Ingvar Kamprad Timeline
- •Example
- •A. Translate into Russian.
- •B. Translate into English.
- •Vocabulary academic adj – 1. Университетский; академический; учебный; 2. Чисто теоретический; 3. Фундаментальный (в противоположность прикладному)
- •Salary n – жалованье, оклад self-employed adj – обслуживающий свое собственное предприятие; работающий не по найму
- •2. Economics as a science
- •Economics as a Science
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Satisfying People’s Wants
- •Economic Systems
- •Methodology
- •Economic Theory and Models
- •Useful language: How to make a presentation (Part 2).
- •Discuss the following questions.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Microeconomics
- •3.1. Supply and demand
- •Supply and Demand
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Text 2 Equilibrium: Mr. Demand, Meet Mr. Supply
- •Equilibrium
- •Elasticity
- •Ex. 2. Answer the questions on the text.
- •The Leisure Industry
- •B. Discuss the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •3.2. Market structure
- •Text 1 Market Structures
- •Monopoly
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Three Pricing Strategies
- •Market Leaders, Challengers and Followers
- •Useful language: Negotiating.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Macroeconomics
- •4.1. Basic national economy indicators
- •Gross Domestic Product
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Measures of Income
- •Text 3 Economic Growth
- •Writing
- •Describing Innovations
- •Speaking
- •Useful language: Decision-making
- •Vocabulary
- •4.2. Economic business cycles and unemployment
- •Economic Business Cycles
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Unemployment and its Costs
- •Types of Unemployment
- •W. H. Philips and the Philips Curve
- •Headhunting
- •A. Useful Language: Problem-solving.
- •Vocabulary
- •4.3. InflAtion
- •Meaning and Measurement of Inflation
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Demand-Pull and Cost-Push Inflation
- •Inflation and the Real Interest Rate. Control of Inflation
- •Consumer Price Index Criticism
- •Vocabulary
- •4.4. Banking discovering connections
- •Types of Banks and their Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Banking in the usa
- •Text 3 Banking in the Republic of Belarus
- •Listening Central Banking
- •Vocabulary
- •4.5. Money and monetary policy
- •Money and its Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Supply and Demand for Money
- •Instruments of Monetary Policy
- •Monetary Policy during the Great Depression
- •Raising Business Capital
- •Vocabulary
- •4.6. Fiscal policy
- •Fiscal Policy
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Issues in Fiscal Policy
- •Should the Government Intervene in the Business Cycle?
- •3. Different verb forms
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Verbs of change
- •2. Prepositions
- •5. The global economy
- •5.1. International trade
- •International Trade
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Trade Barriers
- •The Banana Wars
- •Free Trade
- •Vocabulary
- •5.2. Globalization discovering connections
- •Globalization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Economic Cooperation
- •Text 3 Multinational Corporations: the Pros and Cons
- •Airbus Industrie
- •The Real World
- •Cultural Awareness
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Business administration
- •6.1. Company structure discovering connections
- •What types of business are popular in your country?
- •Reading
- •Forms of Business Organization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Types of Companies and their Structure
- •Takeovers and Mergers
- •Flotation
- •Advising Companies
- •Key questions for the planning committee
- •Vocabulary
- •6.2. Management
- •Nature of Management
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Management Styles
- •Corporate Culture
- •What Makes a Good Manager?
- •Useful language: Managing meetings.
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •6.3. Accounting
- •What is Accounting?
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Accounting and Financial Statements
- •The Accounting Profession
- •Business Documents
- •The Balance Sheet
- •Income Statement
- •Bookkeeping
- •Vocabulary
- •6.4. Marketing
- •Concept of Marketing
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Marketing Mix
- •Text 3 The Four Major Promotional Tools
- •Writing
- •Why Brands Matter
- •Vocabulary
- •Uniqueness n – уникальность
- •6.5. Advertising
- •Advertising
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •How Companies Advertise
- •Ad advertising campaign advertising standards advertisement advertising budget advertising agencies print
- •From the History of Advertising
- •Designing an Advertising Campaign
- •Endorsement
- •Planning Advertising Campaign
- •Vocabulary
- •ЛитературА
- •English for Economists
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В.
- •220050, Минск, пр-т Независимости, 4.
Vocabulary
adjust v – регулировать, налаживать
adjustable adj – регулируемый, подвижный
adjusted for inflation – с поправкой на инфляцию
adjustment n – регулировка, приспособление
seasonal ~ – поправка с учетом сезонных изменений
capacity n – мощность, производительность
expanding ~ – потенциал роста
depreciation n – 1. обесценивание; 2. изнашивание, амортизация
domestic adj – отечественный, внутренний
ensure v – гарантировать, обеспечивать
estimate v – оценивать
expenditure n – издержки, расход(ы)
to undertake ~ – нести расходы
expansion n – экспансия; подъем экономической активности
gross domestic product (GDP) – валовый внутренний продукт
~ deflator – дефлятор валового внутреннего продукта
gross national product (GNP) – валовой национальный продукт
impact n – сильное воздействие; влияние
income n – доход, прибыль
personal ~ – личный доход
national ~ – национальный доход
disposable personal ~ – располагаемый личный доход
intermediate adj – промежуточный
~ goods – промежуточные товары
intervene v – вмешиваться
inventory n – материально-производственные запасы
measure v, n – измерять; мера, критерий
output n – 1. выпуск; 2. продукция; 3. производство; 4. производительность
net national product (NNP) – чистый продукт страны, национальный доход
revenue n – доход, поступление от продаж
share n – акция
~ capital – акционерный капитал
~ holder – акционер
social security 1) социальное страхование, 2) социальное пособие/социальная защита syn. benefit, dole, welfare
spending n – расходы
government/non-government ~ (syn. government expenditures) –правительственные/неправительственные расходы
~ power – покупательная способность
transaction n – сделка
transfer n – перевод (денежных сумм)
~ payments – трансфертные платежи, передаточные платежи (выплаты населению по программам социального страхования и платежи процентов владельцам государственных обязательств)
make a ~ – делать перевод
pay by ~ – уплатить посредством перевода
value n – цена, стоимость
market ~ – рыночная стоимость
welfare n – социальное обеспечение
well-being n – благосостояние, материальное благополучие; благоденствие, процветание
standard of ~ – уровень благосостояния
GLOSSARY
Depreciation is the wear and tear on the economy’s stock of equipment and structures.
Disposable personal income is the income that households and non-corporate businesses have left after satisfying all their obligations to the government.
Economic growth is a real increase in the gross domestic product (GDP) of a country.
Gross domestic product (GDP) the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.
GDP deflator a measure of the price level calculated as the ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP times 100.
Gross national product (GNP) is the total income earned by a nation’s permanent residents (called nationals).
Government purchases spending on goods and services by local, state, and federal governments.
National income is the total income earned by a nation’s residents in the production of goods and services.
Net exports spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents (imports).
Net national product (NNP) is the total income of a nation’s residents (GNP) minus losses from depreciation.
Nominal economic growth is an economic growth including inflation.
Nominal GDP the production of goods and services valued at current prices.
Personal income is the income that households and non-corporate businesses receive.
Real economic growth is nominal growth minus inflation.
Real GDP the production of goods and services valued at constant prices.
