- •Белорусский государственный университет
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В., Хведченя л. В.
- •Предисловие
- •Can you explain why you have chosen the profession of an economist?
- •Careers: Economist
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •1. K p. A. – one thousand per annum.
- •Ex. 4. Express in one word.
- •Degrees in Economics
- •Comprehension
- •Questions
- •Outstanding Economists
- •Michael Dell Timeline
- •Ingvar Kamprad Timeline
- •Example
- •A. Translate into Russian.
- •B. Translate into English.
- •Vocabulary academic adj – 1. Университетский; академический; учебный; 2. Чисто теоретический; 3. Фундаментальный (в противоположность прикладному)
- •Salary n – жалованье, оклад self-employed adj – обслуживающий свое собственное предприятие; работающий не по найму
- •2. Economics as a science
- •Economics as a Science
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Satisfying People’s Wants
- •Economic Systems
- •Methodology
- •Economic Theory and Models
- •Useful language: How to make a presentation (Part 2).
- •Discuss the following questions.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Microeconomics
- •3.1. Supply and demand
- •Supply and Demand
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Text 2 Equilibrium: Mr. Demand, Meet Mr. Supply
- •Equilibrium
- •Elasticity
- •Ex. 2. Answer the questions on the text.
- •The Leisure Industry
- •B. Discuss the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •3.2. Market structure
- •Text 1 Market Structures
- •Monopoly
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Three Pricing Strategies
- •Market Leaders, Challengers and Followers
- •Useful language: Negotiating.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Macroeconomics
- •4.1. Basic national economy indicators
- •Gross Domestic Product
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Measures of Income
- •Text 3 Economic Growth
- •Writing
- •Describing Innovations
- •Speaking
- •Useful language: Decision-making
- •Vocabulary
- •4.2. Economic business cycles and unemployment
- •Economic Business Cycles
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Unemployment and its Costs
- •Types of Unemployment
- •W. H. Philips and the Philips Curve
- •Headhunting
- •A. Useful Language: Problem-solving.
- •Vocabulary
- •4.3. InflAtion
- •Meaning and Measurement of Inflation
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Demand-Pull and Cost-Push Inflation
- •Inflation and the Real Interest Rate. Control of Inflation
- •Consumer Price Index Criticism
- •Vocabulary
- •4.4. Banking discovering connections
- •Types of Banks and their Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Banking in the usa
- •Text 3 Banking in the Republic of Belarus
- •Listening Central Banking
- •Vocabulary
- •4.5. Money and monetary policy
- •Money and its Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Supply and Demand for Money
- •Instruments of Monetary Policy
- •Monetary Policy during the Great Depression
- •Raising Business Capital
- •Vocabulary
- •4.6. Fiscal policy
- •Fiscal Policy
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Issues in Fiscal Policy
- •Should the Government Intervene in the Business Cycle?
- •3. Different verb forms
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Verbs of change
- •2. Prepositions
- •5. The global economy
- •5.1. International trade
- •International Trade
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Trade Barriers
- •The Banana Wars
- •Free Trade
- •Vocabulary
- •5.2. Globalization discovering connections
- •Globalization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Economic Cooperation
- •Text 3 Multinational Corporations: the Pros and Cons
- •Airbus Industrie
- •The Real World
- •Cultural Awareness
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Business administration
- •6.1. Company structure discovering connections
- •What types of business are popular in your country?
- •Reading
- •Forms of Business Organization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Types of Companies and their Structure
- •Takeovers and Mergers
- •Flotation
- •Advising Companies
- •Key questions for the planning committee
- •Vocabulary
- •6.2. Management
- •Nature of Management
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Management Styles
- •Corporate Culture
- •What Makes a Good Manager?
- •Useful language: Managing meetings.
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •6.3. Accounting
- •What is Accounting?
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Accounting and Financial Statements
- •The Accounting Profession
- •Business Documents
- •The Balance Sheet
- •Income Statement
- •Bookkeeping
- •Vocabulary
- •6.4. Marketing
- •Concept of Marketing
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Marketing Mix
- •Text 3 The Four Major Promotional Tools
- •Writing
- •Why Brands Matter
- •Vocabulary
- •Uniqueness n – уникальность
- •6.5. Advertising
- •Advertising
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •How Companies Advertise
- •Ad advertising campaign advertising standards advertisement advertising budget advertising agencies print
- •From the History of Advertising
- •Designing an Advertising Campaign
- •Endorsement
- •Planning Advertising Campaign
- •Vocabulary
- •ЛитературА
- •English for Economists
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В.
- •220050, Минск, пр-т Независимости, 4.
Vocabulary
account n – счет
current (BrE)/checking (AmE)/ ~ – текущий/расчётный счёт
deposit (BrE)/time (AmE) ~ – депозитный/срочный вклад
overdrawn ~ счет с отрицательным балансом
saving ~ – сберегательный счeт
maintain an ~ – иметь счет в банке
banknote n – банкнота (BrE)
bill n – счeт; банкнота (AmE)
treasury ~ – казначейский вексель
blue chip n – голубая фишка (акции крупных, пользующихся уважением компаний)
bond n – облигация, ценная бумага
borrowing n – заем, кредит
cheque (BrE)/check (US) n – счeт, чек
to clear a ~/syn. to stop a ~ – осуществить клиринг чека/оплатить счeт
collateral n syn. – security – обеспечение кредита, залог
credit n – кредит, доверие
to be in~ syn.to be in (the) black – быть кредитоспособным, иметь деньги на счету; ant. to be in the red – быть убыточным
extension of ~ – предоставление кредита
currency n – валюта, деньги
to maintain ~ – воспроизводить деньги
to circulate ~ – вводить деньги в обращение
deposit v – депонировать, положить на хранение
deposit n – вклад, депозит, взнос
demand (BrE)/checking (AmE)~ – вклад до востребования
savings (Br)/time (Am) – срочный, накопительный вклад
depositor n – вкладчик
deregulation n – децентрализация
draw (drew, drawn) v – выписывать, выставлять (чек, тратту)
withdraw – брать назад; отзывать; отменять
~ money – снимать деньги со счeта
exchange n – обмен
Inter-Bank Currency ~ – межбанковская валютная биржа
medium of ~ – средство международных расчетов, средство обмена
interest n –проценты; выгода
charge ~ – взыскивать процент; начислять проценты
lend v – syn. loan out – давать взаем, предоставлять кредит
loan n – syn. lending – заем, ссуда
make a ~ – получить заем
make ~ – предоставлять ссуду
maturity n – срок погашения платежа
merger n – слияние
monetary adj – денежный
~ base – денежная база (часть денежной массы, которая признается в качестве резервов банковской системы)
~ policy – денежно-кредитная политика
mortgage n – ссуда на покупку жилья, ипотека
overdraft n – овердрафт; сумма, выдаваемая банком клиенту сверх остатка на его текущем счете
portfolio n – перечень ценных бумаг
~ management – контроль и регулирование портфеля активов
quote v – назначать цену, котировать
rate n – ставка, уровень
base/discount/prime ~ – учетная процентная ставка центробанка
exchange ~ – валютный курс
interest ~ – процентная ставка
required reserve – обязательный резерв
~ (ratio) – норма резервного покрытия, резервная норма
reserve requirements – резервные требования
securities n – ценные бумаги
underwrite ~ – гарантировать выплату по ценным бумагам
spread n syn. margin – спрэд (разница между предполагаемыми ценами покупки и продажи)
takeover n – поглощение
withdraw v – отзывать обратно, снимать со счета
yield n – доход по ценным бумагам с фиксированным процентом
GLOSSARY
Commercial bank is a retail bank, such as Barclays, Lloyds TSB, HSBC or Nat West which provides services to companies and individuals in the form of current, deposit and loan accounts plus a variety of other financial services including mortgages, insurance and financial planning.
Discount rate is the interest rate a central bank charges on loans of reserves to banks
Exchange rate is the number of units of one nation’s currency that equals one unit of another nation’s currency.
Federal Reserve System is the twelve central banks in the USA that service banks and other financial institutions within each of the Federal Reserve districts, popularly called the Fed.
Interest rate is the percentage rate at which interest is charged on a loan or paid on savings etc.
Monetary base is the stock of an economy’s most liquid financial assets.
Money supply is the total amount of money in an economy at a given time.
Open market operations are the buying and selling of government securities by a central bank.
Required reserve ratio is the percentage of deposits that a central bank requires a bank to hold in vault cash or on deposit with it.
Required reserves are the minimum balance that a central bank requires a bank to hold in vault cash or on deposit with it.
