- •Белорусский государственный университет
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В., Хведченя л. В.
- •Предисловие
- •Can you explain why you have chosen the profession of an economist?
- •Careers: Economist
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •1. K p. A. – one thousand per annum.
- •Ex. 4. Express in one word.
- •Degrees in Economics
- •Comprehension
- •Questions
- •Outstanding Economists
- •Michael Dell Timeline
- •Ingvar Kamprad Timeline
- •Example
- •A. Translate into Russian.
- •B. Translate into English.
- •Vocabulary academic adj – 1. Университетский; академический; учебный; 2. Чисто теоретический; 3. Фундаментальный (в противоположность прикладному)
- •Salary n – жалованье, оклад self-employed adj – обслуживающий свое собственное предприятие; работающий не по найму
- •2. Economics as a science
- •Economics as a Science
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Satisfying People’s Wants
- •Economic Systems
- •Methodology
- •Economic Theory and Models
- •Useful language: How to make a presentation (Part 2).
- •Discuss the following questions.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Microeconomics
- •3.1. Supply and demand
- •Supply and Demand
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Text 2 Equilibrium: Mr. Demand, Meet Mr. Supply
- •Equilibrium
- •Elasticity
- •Ex. 2. Answer the questions on the text.
- •The Leisure Industry
- •B. Discuss the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •3.2. Market structure
- •Text 1 Market Structures
- •Monopoly
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Three Pricing Strategies
- •Market Leaders, Challengers and Followers
- •Useful language: Negotiating.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Macroeconomics
- •4.1. Basic national economy indicators
- •Gross Domestic Product
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Measures of Income
- •Text 3 Economic Growth
- •Writing
- •Describing Innovations
- •Speaking
- •Useful language: Decision-making
- •Vocabulary
- •4.2. Economic business cycles and unemployment
- •Economic Business Cycles
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Unemployment and its Costs
- •Types of Unemployment
- •W. H. Philips and the Philips Curve
- •Headhunting
- •A. Useful Language: Problem-solving.
- •Vocabulary
- •4.3. InflAtion
- •Meaning and Measurement of Inflation
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Demand-Pull and Cost-Push Inflation
- •Inflation and the Real Interest Rate. Control of Inflation
- •Consumer Price Index Criticism
- •Vocabulary
- •4.4. Banking discovering connections
- •Types of Banks and their Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Banking in the usa
- •Text 3 Banking in the Republic of Belarus
- •Listening Central Banking
- •Vocabulary
- •4.5. Money and monetary policy
- •Money and its Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Supply and Demand for Money
- •Instruments of Monetary Policy
- •Monetary Policy during the Great Depression
- •Raising Business Capital
- •Vocabulary
- •4.6. Fiscal policy
- •Fiscal Policy
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Issues in Fiscal Policy
- •Should the Government Intervene in the Business Cycle?
- •3. Different verb forms
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Verbs of change
- •2. Prepositions
- •5. The global economy
- •5.1. International trade
- •International Trade
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Trade Barriers
- •The Banana Wars
- •Free Trade
- •Vocabulary
- •5.2. Globalization discovering connections
- •Globalization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Economic Cooperation
- •Text 3 Multinational Corporations: the Pros and Cons
- •Airbus Industrie
- •The Real World
- •Cultural Awareness
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Business administration
- •6.1. Company structure discovering connections
- •What types of business are popular in your country?
- •Reading
- •Forms of Business Organization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Types of Companies and their Structure
- •Takeovers and Mergers
- •Flotation
- •Advising Companies
- •Key questions for the planning committee
- •Vocabulary
- •6.2. Management
- •Nature of Management
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Management Styles
- •Corporate Culture
- •What Makes a Good Manager?
- •Useful language: Managing meetings.
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •6.3. Accounting
- •What is Accounting?
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Accounting and Financial Statements
- •The Accounting Profession
- •Business Documents
- •The Balance Sheet
- •Income Statement
- •Bookkeeping
- •Vocabulary
- •6.4. Marketing
- •Concept of Marketing
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Marketing Mix
- •Text 3 The Four Major Promotional Tools
- •Writing
- •Why Brands Matter
- •Vocabulary
- •Uniqueness n – уникальность
- •6.5. Advertising
- •Advertising
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •How Companies Advertise
- •Ad advertising campaign advertising standards advertisement advertising budget advertising agencies print
- •From the History of Advertising
- •Designing an Advertising Campaign
- •Endorsement
- •Planning Advertising Campaign
- •Vocabulary
- •ЛитературА
- •English for Economists
- •Тихомирова л. Б., Князева н. И., Рунцова э. В.
- •220050, Минск, пр-т Независимости, 4.
Vocabulary
account (s) n – счет (а); отчетность
~ payable – счета кредиторов; статья пассивов; кредиторская задолженность
~ receivable – счета дебиторов; дебиторская задолженность; статья активов
profit and loss ~ – счет прибыли и убытков
accountant n – бухгалтер
private ~ – частнопрактикующий бухгалтер
certified public ~ – дипломированный бухгалтер-ревизор, аудитор
accounting n – бухгалтерский учет
cost ~ – калькуляция затрат (учет издержек экономической деятельности)
managerial ~ – управленческий учет (сбор и обработка информации, полезной для текущего управления фирмой)
tax ~ – налоговый учет
creative ~ – «изобретательный» бухгалтерский учет (с целью уклонения от контроля над экономической деятельностью)
~ period – отчетный период
audit n – аудит; аудиторская проверка
auditor n – аудитор; ревизор
balance n – баланс, сальдо
~ sheet – балансовый отчет
break-even n – безубыточность
capital n – капитал
~ stock – основной капитал
working ~ – оборотный капитал; текущие активы
venture ~ – венчурный капитал
depreciation n – 1) снижение стоимости, обесценивание 2) амортизация
double entry n – бухгалтерский учет методом двойной записи
entity n – экономический субъект
equity n – стоимость капитала за вычетом обязательств; чистые активы (компании)
goodwill n – «гудвил»; условная стоимость нематериальных активов фирмы
ledger n – главная бухгалтерская книга
liquidity n – ликвидность
overheads/overhead – непроизводительные издержки
profitability n – рентабельность
retained profit – нераспределенная прибыль
revenue n – доход; выручка
solvency n – платежеспособность, кредитоспособность
transaction n – сделка, соглашение, операция
to conduct ~s – заключать сделки, вести переговоры
business ~s – деловые операции
financial ~s – финансовые операции
temporary ~s – временные сделки
internal ~s – внутренние хозяйственные операции
external ~s – внешние хозяйственные операции
turnover n – оборот, товарооборот (суммарная стоимость продаж за отчетный период для отдельной компании)
GLOSSARY
Account – a detailed record of all the money that a person receives and spends.
Accounts payable is all the money a company owes to other companies for goods or services received.
Accounts receivable is all the money a company is owed by other companies for good or services it had supplied.
Accountant – a person whose job is to inspect or keep accounts.
Accounting – the system that measures business activities, processes that information into reports, and communicates these findings to decision makers.
Audit – the inspection of an organization’s annual accounts.
Auditor – a person who carries out an audit.
Balance sheet is a written statement of the amount of money & property that a company or person has, including amounts of money that are owed or are owing.
Break-even – when sales reach a level where revenue match costs, a company or product breaks even.
Capital stock (syn. capital; stock) – the total value of the money, equipments buildings, etc. of a business company.
Company costs are total amount of money involved in operating the business.
Company’s profit and loss account is a financial record, published at the end of each financial year, that shows whether it has made a profit or a loss (P&L).
Double entry – a method of showing that every business transaction has two aspects, i. e. materials or goods purchased on credit are a liability on the firm to pay the supplier later, but at the same time they are an asset, as at some time the materials will be used for manufacture and then sold, or the goods purchased will be resolved.
Equity is the money a company gets from selling the shares it owns.
Goodwill – the good reputation of an established business.
Invoice is a document that lists goods that have been supplied or services that have been done, and says how much money you owe for them.
Ledger – the most important accountant book.
Principal – an amount of money lent or invested on which interest is paid.
Revenue is money that a company, organization or government receives from people.
