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The construction of a tractor, row-crop or all- purpose tractors

The tractor has the following main units and assemblies. Power unit including the engine with all its auxiliary devices - radiator, fan, starter device, fuel tank, pumps, etc. Transmission assembly which consists of a clutch, a speed control unit, central gearing mechanism, universal joints, shafts, differentials or steering mechanism in track-laying tractors, final drives, axles. Transmission is designed for transmitting the torque of the engine to the tractor driving wheels and to different working and auxiliary equipment.

Driver including driving, supporting and controlling mechanisms and serving for converting the rotary movement of the tractor driving wheels into the forward propelling of the tractor and also for the tractor body support. Steering unit, which includes devices and drives to them, by means of which the operator may control the work of the tractor as a whole and of its separate units. By means of the steering device, the tractor may be caused to move, to change the direction and speed of the movement, to stop on steep hills. The tractor frame including the parts to which different tractor assemblies are secured. Working and auxiliary equipment by means of which the tractor power is applied to perform different jobs, includes

This group of row-crop or all-purpose tractors includes both 3-wheeled and 4-wheeled machines specially designed for row-crop work. The modern row-crop tractor possesses the following distinctive features, which enable it to work between crops drilled in rows: 1) high ground clearance; 2) wheels with narrow rims; 3) wheels adjustable for various width of rows; 4) a small turning radius; 5) special fittings for the attachment of various tools. When row-crop tractors appeared, the cultivators were mounted on the tractor, making a single unit of the power and the machine. The following: PTO, pulleys, trailed and mounted implements.

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. What are the auxiliary devices of the power unit? What is transmission designed for?

2. How many parts are there in the transmission assembly? What mechanism converts the rotary movement of the tractor driving wheels into the forward propelling of the tractor?

3. What is the row-crop tractor designed for? What rims do the wheels of a row-crop tractor have?

Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания:

main units, assemblies, power unit, auxiliary devices, a fan, a pump, a fuel tank, a clutch, a shaft, mounted implements, an axle, a wheel, to move, to change, a frame, to secure, to apply, to perform, PTO, a pulley, a starter device, a gearing mechanism, a steering unit, equipment, torque, a driver.

Вставьте пропущенные слова:

(engine, units, frame, power unit, wheels, driver, PTO, steering, transmission)

1. The tractor _____ has the parts to which different tractor assemblies are secured. Power unit includes the _______ with different auxilary devices.

2. One of the tractor units is _____ unit, which includes devices and drives to them to control the work of the tractor as a whole and of its separate ________ . Working and auxiliary equipment includes the following: pulleys, trailed and mounted implements and ________ .

3.______ is used to transmit the torque of the engine to the tractor driving ... and to auxiliary equipment. The main units and assemblies of a tractor are transmission assembly, steering unit, the tractor frame, ______ ______, working and auxiliary equipment.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 2

(для студентов факультета лесного хозяйства и агрономического факультета)

Вариант 1.

Задание 1.

Подберите к следующим вопросам ответы:

1. What helps you in your work? 1. Yes, I have.

2. Have you ever seen the rain?  2. I’d like to go to the cinema.

3. Can you help her?  3. My good sense of humour does. 

4. What would you like to do: 4 No, I can't.

watch TV or go to the cinema?

Образуйте разделительные вопросы (вопросы с хвостиком) по образцу: You can't speak Spanish. – You can't speak Spanish, can you?

5. He is reading an interesting book.

6. They have not had English today.

Cоставьте вопрос, на который это предложение может быть ответом.

7. No, I haven't been to London.

Поставьте глагол Past Perfect, Past Simple или Past Continuous и переведите предложения.

8. By six o’clock yesterday I (to do) my homework and at six I (to watch) a videofilm.

9. By two o’clock the boy (to come) home and at two he (to have) dinner.

10. The father (to come) home by six o’clock.

Заполнить пропуски, поставив глагол в скобках в нужную форму (в будущее совершенное время).

11. Christina … (repair) her car by the next Saturday.

12. They … (do) the washing by nine o’clock of the evening.

Задание 2.

Вставьте соответствующие предлоги:

1. There is a man and a woman ____ the picture.

2. We did not want to stay ___town on such a hot day, so we went ___ the village.

3. The teacher hung a picture ___ the wall.

4. America was discovered _____ Columbus.

Let`s go ______ a walk.

Задание 3.

Поставьте глагол в Present Simple или Present Continuous.

1. A lot of interesting places (to attract) tourists to Britain.

2. There (to be) a lot of old castles in England where people lived many years ago.

3. Listen! Who (to play) the piano in the next room?

4. Excuse me, you (speak) English? – Yes, a little.

Исправьте ошибки.

5. Hurry! The bus comes. I not wanting to miss it.

Составьте вопросительное предложение Past Simple из данных слов:

6. travel/ you / time / by / first / plane / last / did/ year/ for the/?

Вставьте will / to be going to.

7. – What’s Olga’s phone number?  – Just a minute. I … look it up in my notebook.

Измените предложения, употребляя to be going to по образцу: My intention is to watch a TV film tonight. I am going to watch a TV film tonight.

8. His plan is to visit Moscow.

Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Continuous.

9. Helen (to learn) an English poem now.

Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание Participle I.

10. The captain watched the sailors unloading the steamer.

Раскройте скобки, употребив Participle I. Переведите предложение.

11. (To write) out all the words, I started to learn them. 

Выберите правильный вариант

12. - Let’s meet at the station at 5 o’clock. - OK. I (______)for you there.

’ll wait

will be waiting

wait

Задание 4.

Употребите следующие предложения в Past Progressive, уточняя действие наречиями. Образец: I went to the cinema yesterday. – I was going to the cinema yesterday at 3.

1. I read newspapers in the evening.

Поставьте вопросы, на которые нижеследующие предложения могут быть ответами. Образец: No, I was not playing chess at 6. – Were you playing chess at 6?

2. Yes, I was busy yesterday.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Indefinite или Past Continuous.

3. I (to play) computer games yesterday.

4. I (to play) computer games at 5 o'clock yesterday.

Употребите Present Perfect.

5. We ... (to know) each other since 2008.

6. My brother ... (not to go) out the whole evening yesterday.

Допишите предложения при помощи слов: already, just, since, for, ever, yet.

7. I have … come from the library.

8. Have you … been to Paris?

В каждом из следующих предложений допущена ошибка. Исправьте ее и напишите правильный вариант.

9. This programme are bad.

10. These boy are my pupils.

11. He speak English badly.

12. When have you bought the book?

Задание 5.

Поставьте предложение в соответствующее будущее время

1. I hope they (not forget) all this by tomorrow.

Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов.

2. My son is to finish school in a year.

3. She has to come to the party.

Составьте предложения, используя модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.              

4. I wish you had explained the situation to me.

 Should   You ______ the situation to me.

Вставьте needn’t /  have to / mustn’t / didn’t need to / have to или needn’t have.

5) You _____ enter this area without permission.

Вставьте подходящий модальный глагол (may, can, must, could).

6) Hello, _____ I speak to Tom, please?

Вставьте подходящий модальный глагол или модальный оборот could, was / were able to or couldn’t. 

7. He had hurt his leg, so he _______ walk very well.

Вставьте подходящий модальный глагол или модальный оборот  mustn’t or don’t / doesn’t have to.

8. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I _______ work.

Задание 6. Переведите письменно текст.

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