6. Players
Some games are played by individuals, others are team games. In a team one player is the captain, and there is a coach and a manager.
7. Officials
Basketball, billiards, football, boxing, hockey, rugby and wrestling have referee:
a referee:- суддя, рефері.
Badminton, baseball, cricket, swimming, tennis and volleyball have
an umpire:
an umpire - суддя, рефері
In football the referee has a whistle to control the game and two linesmen:
a linesman - суддя на лінії
In tennis there are line judges to decide if the ball is "in" or "out":
line judge n - суддя на лінії
Athletics, cycling, motor-racing, car-racing have a judge. He has the right to make a decision especially in a competition.
a judge -арбітр
to judge (to referee, to officiate) - судити (у спорті)
8. People who do particular sports
Suffix -er can be used for many sports,
e.g.: footballer, volley-baller, basket baller, swimmer, windsurfer, high (long-) jumper, cricketer, golfer, diver, racing driver, discus/javelin thrower, pole-vaulter, wrestler, runner, boxer, weight-lifter, skier, skater, fencer, etc.
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text.
Sport
All over the world people of different ages are very fond of sports and games. Sport not only helps people to become strong and to develop physically but also makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.
Sport is very important in our life. It’s popular among young and old people. Many people do morning exercises, jog in the morning and train themselves in fitness clubs and gyms.
Other people like sports too, but they only watch sport competitions, listen to sports news. They prefer reading interesting articles about sportsmen and sport events, but they don’t go in for sports. Physical training is an important subject at college.
There are summer and winter kinds of sports. The summer kinds of sports are, swimming, athletics, football, volleyball, basketball and others. The winter kinds of sports are, for example, figure skating, skiing, ice hockey etc.
We all need to do exercises. Regular exercises give you more energy and make you feel and look better.
Among the popular sports in our country are: football, basketball, swimming, volleyball, tennis, gymnastics, figure skating and others. You can choose a sport for any season and for any taste.
Exercise 3. Answer the following questions.
1. Why should people go in for sports?
2. Why are the lessons of physical training at college so important?
4. What kind of sport are you fond of?
5. Why are you fond of this kind of sport?
Exercise 4. Write down:
1. Three games where you can hit the ball (with various kinds of equipment).
2. Four games where you can pass the ball.
3. Three games where you can catch the ball.
4. Two games where you can kick the ball.
5. One game where you can head the ball.
Exercise 5. Organize these words and put them in the correct columns below. (You can put a word in more than one column if you wish):
Sport |
Place |
Equipment |
swimming, gloves, crash helmet, football, racket, ring, boots, pool, motor racing, clubs, tennis, net, court, golf, track, boxing, goals, costume, shorts, whistle.
Exercise 6. Answer the questions:
I. In which sports...?
1) do you pass a ball from one player to another? (tennis)
2) do you hit a ball (but not with hands)? (football)
3) do you have to serve? (basketball)
6) do you have to shoot? (volleyball)
7) do you win by having the lowest score? (american football)
Exercise 7. Look at the pictures and say what kind of sport each of them presents.
figure skating volleyball
table tennis cycling
basketball football
gymnastics diving
Exercise 8. True or false? If false, correct the sentence to make it true.
1. The people who watch a football match are the audience.
2. Athletes wear shorts.
3. You need a stick to play hockey.
4. Boxers wear gloves.
5. Tennis is played on a pitch.
6. The referee in football has a whistle.
7. Women wear trunks for swimming.
Exercise 9. Listen, read and retell the text: