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Presente

singular

plural

1st person

ho

I have

abbiamo

we have

2nd person

hai

you have (singular)

avete

you have (plural)

3rd person

ha

he/she/it has

hanno

they have

Two considerations: accent falls on the penultimate syllable, except in those inflections which only have one, ho, hai, and ha, which sound like "oh" "ahyh" and "ah", spelled without an accented vocal on the last letter because no other accent would be possible (as in simple past inflection fu, see paragraph 4.3); a second note is about the spelling of inflections starting with an h: in Italian, this consonant is absolutely soundless, so read the word as if the h was not there. The reason for which h is added is that similar words (without an h) exist: ai = to the (pronounced exactly like hai = you have); a = to or for (pronounced exactly like ha = he/she/it has); anno = year (pronounced exactly like hanno = they have); etc. So the consonant is merely graphic, to indicate the verb's inflections.

ha una bella casa = he or she has a nice home hanno due gatti = they have two cats tu hai un gatto, ma io ho un cane = you have a cat, but I have a dog (notice the use of pronouns for stressing the opposition)

Imperfetto

singular

plural

1st person

avevo

I had

avevamo

we had

2nd person

avevi

you had (singular)

avevate

you had (plural)

3rd person

aveva

he/she/it had

avevano

they had

As for the same tense of the verb essere, accent falls on the penultimate syllable of each of them, except for avevano, whose stressed syllable is the antepenultimate (pronounced "ahvehvahnoh"). Always remember that the imperfect tense expresses the concept of a past action which has not necessarily come to an end:

l'uomo aveva un grosso naso = the man had a big nose (this is a condition, which obviously was lasting for the whole time the sentence refers to) avevo tre automobili = I had three cars or I used to have three cars (probably I do no longer have them now, but nevertheless the expression carries the sense of "some time ago I used to have them", as a continuous condition).

FUTURO

singular

plural

1st person

avrò

I shall be

avremo

we shall be

2nd person

avrai

you will be (singular)

avrete

you will be (plural)

3rd person

avrà

he/she/it will be

avranno

they will be

Accents fall on the penultimate syllable of each inflection, except avrò and avrà which behave like sarò and sarà (see future tense of essere): although both verbs are irregular, their future tense has the same patterns.

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