- •Кафедра иностранных языков и культуры речи reading modern science английский язык
- •Agronomy unit 1
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Agronomist Career Outlook
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Organic Farming
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “Agronomist Career Outlook”.
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Sustainable Agriculture
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. What are Crops?
- •Unit II
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Changing climate changes soil
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Mighty river, mighty filter
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Potatoes wild with calcium
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •Text 4. Not your grandfather’s cotton
- •Plant protection unit III
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •Text 1.What is plant protection and why it is so important?
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •Text 2. The process of plant protection
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •Text 3. The main disciplines involved in plant protection
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. The Aims of iapps
- •Iapps Activities
- •Integrated plant protection unit IV
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Competence area within integrated plant protection
- •Interdisciplinary strategy
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Competence area within integrated plant protection (continuation) Deep knowledge
- •Applied research
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. About ippc
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. General Principles Integrated Plant Protection
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Horticulture unit V
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1 ‘Chili’ (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) pear fruit
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Apples
- •Health Benefits of Apples
- •Studies Done on Apple
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Evaluation of ‘Sun Protect’ in protecting apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) against sunburn
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “Evaluation of ‘Sun Protect’ in protecting apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) against sunburn”.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. A screening test for the determination of cut flower longevity and ethylene sensitivity of carnation
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “a screening test for the determination of cut flower longevity and ethylene sensitivity of carnation”.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Unit VI
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Evaluation of dormancy break in some selected peach (Prunus persica) cultivars
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Testing the winter hardiness of selected chrysanthemum cultivars of Multiflora type
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Effects of garlic genotype on cloves formation under in vitro conditions
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “. Effects of garlic genotype on cloves formation under in vitro conditions ”.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. Timer versus moisture sensor-based irrigation control of soilless lettuce: Effects on yield, quality and water use efficiency
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Agroecology unit VII
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Agroecology
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. The potential of agroecology to combat hunger in the developing world
- •Case studies
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Agroecology and the design of climate change resilient farming systems
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. The effects of climate change on agricultural production
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Soil science unit VIII
- •Active Vocabulary 1
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 1. Soil chemistry
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Active Vocabulary 2
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 2. Soil fertility
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “Soil fertility”.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 3
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 3. Soil fertility (II)
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Write the summary of the text above.
- •6. Retell the text “Soil fertility”.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Active Vocabulary 4
- •1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
- •2. Read the following text and say:
- •Text 4. A soil horizon
- •3. Using the text above, finish the following sentences:
- •Exercises
- •II. Define the function of the verb “to be”. Translate the sentences.
- •III. Determine in the sentence the verb expressing the obligation. Translate the sentences.
- •IV. Find the Present Participle in sentences, define its function. Translate the sentences
- •V. Define the Gerund in sentences, determine its function. Translate the sentences.
- •VI. Find the Infinitive in sentences, define its function. Translate the sentences
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to comparisons“the more… the better…”type
- •VIII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verb “to become”
- •IX. Find in the sentences Past Participle, define its function. Translate the sentences
- •X. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the word “one”
- •XI. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the word “since”
- •XII. Translate the sentences with the word “number”
- •XIII. Translate the sentences with the word “some”, “the same”
- •XIV. Translate the sentences with the word “as”
- •XV. Translate the sentences with the word “both” and “both … and”
- •XVI. Translate the sentences with the word “that”
- •Supplementary reading
- •1. Effects of some organic materials on bicarbonate extractable phosphate content of soils having different pH
- •2. Spatial variability of soil physical properties in a cultivated field
- •3. Geochemical pattern of soils in Bobovdol valley, Bulgaria. Assessment of Cd and Co contents
- •4. Dynamic surface soil components of land and vegetation types in Kebbi State Nigeria
- •Formulation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Crop Pest Control
- •Key Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of High Economic Importance in a Mediterranean Area
- •Effects of Insecticides Used against the European Corn Borer on Thrips Abundance on Maize
- •Management of Poppy (Papaver somniferum l.) Stand Height using Growth Regulators
- •Horticulture
- •2. The Meaning of Water Sprout on a Rose Bush
- •3. How to plant a fruit bush
- •4. When to plant tomatoes
- •Nitrogen in the Environment: Nitrogen Replacement Value of Legumes
- •Nitrogen in the Environment: Essential Plant Nutrients
- •Nitrogen in the Environment: Leaching
- •Nitrogen in the Environment: Mineralization — Immobilization
- •Future Challenges
4. Answer the following questions:
1) What is the production of small-blossoming chrysanthemums in the Czech Republic in recent years?
2) Why are they becoming increasingly popular?
3) What affects the overwintering of herbaceous perennials directly and indirectly?
4) By what is determined the hardiness of perennial herbaceous species?
5) The research is focused on monitoring and testing the frost hardiness in Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, isn’t it?
5. Write the summary of the text above.
6. Retell the text “Testing the winter hardiness of selected chrysanthemum cultivars of Multiflora type”.
7. Translate from Russian into English:
1) Мелкие цветущие хризантемы Chrysan themum × grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam в течение последних лет являются одними из наиболее культивируемых декоративных растений в Чешской Республике, их производство превысило миллион единиц.
2) Выращивание этих растений в первую очередь не предназначено для перезимовки, но некоторые сорта имеют зимостойкость, спонтанно кодированную в их геномах и могут успешно зимовать в климатических условиях Чехии.
3) Существует сложный набор адаптационных процессов и сложных функций, включая морозостойкость, устойчивость к переменному замораживанию и оттаиванию и механическому повреждению органов, а также устойчивость к болезням, ледяному покрову и зимней засухе.
4) Зимостойкость однолетних травянистых видов определяется их способностью переносить широкий диапазон внешних стрессов, таких как колебания температуры, высокие уровни влажности почвы, ледяной покров, частичное вытягивание из почвы и действие патогенных организмов при низких температурах.
5) Цель этой работы состояла в том, чтобы определить сорта зимостойкости из нового ассортимента хризантем исследовательского института по ландшафтному и декоративному садоводству.
Active Vocabulary 3
garlic [ˈɡɑːrlɪk] – чеснок
shelf life [ʃelf laɪf] – срок годности
storability [stɔːrəˈbɪləti] – хранение, сохранность
genus [ˈdʒiːnəs] – род, вид, сорт
bulbil [bʌlbi] – зубок, луковичка
propagation [ˌprɑːpəˈɡeɪʃən] – размножение
benzyladenine (BA) [ˈbenzɪl ˈadɪniːn] – бензиладенин (БА)
1-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) [naftiːl əˈsetɪk ˈæsɪd] - 1 –нафтилуксусная кислота (NAA)
the Murashige-Skoog medium con iP (N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine [ˈadɪniːn] – cреда Мураcиге-Скуга (N6- (2-изопентенил) аденин
MS medium[|ˈmiːdiəm] – среда Мураcиге-Скуга
1. Translate the following word combinations into Russian:
garlic production; products of a dull taste and a short shelf life; the onion genus; hardneck garlic; softneck garlic cultivars; virus-free planting material; potential propagation in vitro; vegetatively propagated leek plants.
2. Read the following text and say:
a) what the term “effects of garlic genotype” means;
b) what subjects are touched upon in the text
Text 3. Effects of garlic genotype on cloves formation under in vitro conditions
In the Czech Republic, the need of garlic production is still very actual because consumers are not interested in products of a dull taste and a short shelf life (i.e. storability) that are imported from abroad. Under climatic conditions of the Czech Republic, garlic (Allium sativum L.), a species belonging to the onion genus Allium, does not produce seeds. Flower stems with bulbils and sterile flowers formed by hardneck garlic develop on plants belonging to the group of softneck garlic cultivars only under extreme conditions. The most important problem of garlic production is to obtain sufficient amounts of virus-free planting material of good quality. This problem can be solved by means of vegetative propagation and sanitation of plants under in vitro conditions on the basis of a good knowledge of physiological growth reactions of individual cultivars – genetic origin, external conditions, potential propagation in vitro, gas production etc.
The first studies on in vitro propagation of garlic (Allium) plants were focused on effects of different concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 1-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) in the medium on formation of young plants from flower heads and stem base. In cloned, vegetatively propagated leek plants, no morphological and cytological changes were observed and it was possible to transfer and cultivate them under in vivo conditions. Another study deals with in vitro propagation and the establishment of garlic primary cultures from root segments of 8 garlic cultivars on the Murashige-Skoog medium con iP (N6-(2-isopentenyl)adenine) as well as with possibilities of optimisation of the so-called “regeneration” on the MS medium containing 8.8 μmol of BA and 0.1 μmol of NAA.
Within the framework of physiological studies, the formation of storage organs is supported by lower temperatures, reduced light intensity and increased humidity.
ABA plays an important role in processes of embryo maturation, storage of reserve proteins and seed ripening. In vegetative buds, this compound maintains their dormancy and this situation is mentioned also in garlic.