XV. Translate the sentences with the word “both” and “both … and”

1. Both raindrops and flowing eater are complete erosive agents in themselves, but in one phase of the erosion procs they work together.

2. Plant cover may be composed of growing plants o plant residues or both.

3. Losses of organic matter caused by erosion in New York region vary both in amount and character.

4. Within limits the static loads on tile increase with both depth and width of the trench in which they are laid.

5. Both shrubs and trees are usually planted in rows in various regions.

6. From the standpoint of soil conservation, the activities of soil microorganisms may be considered both helpful and harmful.

7. Soil blowing becomes an acute problem on both level and sloping areas during dry times.

8. Sods reduce both wind and water erosion.

9. The economy of fertilizers containing both nitrogen and phosphorus has long been recognized.

10. During the period 1760-1850 large quantities of gypsum were applied to soils both in Europe and in the United States.

11. Scientific workers conducted similar experiment on both a heavy light-colored soil and sandy soil.

12. Both soils have been limed in this region.

13. Both the tops and the roots of leguminous plants are rich in nitrogen.

14. Apatite and phosphate rocks both contain fluorine, which contributes to their insolubility.

15. In both countries small grains grown on rich prairie and chernozem soils were the predominant cultures.

XVI. Translate the sentences with the word “that”

1. The composition of the leaves and stems is intermediate between that of roots and the fruit.

2. It is well established that the destruction of the native vegetative cover and tillage of soils results in a rapid decay of the organic matter that has been accumulated in them over a long period of time.

3. Attempts have been made to predict the amount of nitrogen that will become available during a given season.

4. The quality of crops is improved by phosphorus, particularly that on grain crops.

5. Soils in different climatic zones vary in their magnesium content; that is shown in table 42.

6. Magnesium ions may be used over and over in growth processes, so that the total supply needed by a plant is not great.

7. Boron occurs in soils in very small amounts, that is, only a few pounds per acre.

8. The percentage of nitrogen in the roots reaching a lower depth of soil layer is less than of the surface roots.

9. Many studies have been made which show that the rate of decay of plant tissue decreases with age.

10. The mechanism by which the fine dust is lifted from the ground may entirely different from that of saltation.

11. Humus is that fraction of the organic colloids which possesses the capacity o combining with the mineral part of the soil to form organic and mineral aggregates.

12. It is well known that wind is an active agent of erosion.

13. The soil that had been in sod for 30 years contained more aggregates than soil cropped continuously in corn or wheat.

14. In the cool month of spring stubble mulch educes evaporation so that there is little frying out between rains.

15. Disking should not be over three inches in depth because sub-surface tillage done much deeper than that is not very effective in killing weeds.

16. A consideration of the total and seasonal water requirements of a crop is important, since the amount of water used is the same as the amount that needs to be replaced.

17. The assorting action of wind as well as water on the soil is somewhat like that of a sieve.

18. More than 40% of arable land of that island has a slope.