- •Contents
- •Unit 2
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Tlie Budget, Taxes
- •Unit 4
- •International Organisations lex!, International Organisations 270
- •Unit 1
- •The Financial System
- •Unit 6
- •The World We Live In
- •1. The Social Profile and State Structure
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Notes on the Text
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar Presentation Герундий (The Gerund)
- •Перевод герундия на русский язык
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Learning English Abroad
- •Words you may need
- •Words and word combinations you may need
- •In England:
- •In Russia:
- •2. Are any of the sentences in 1 true for you or yt»ur friends? to admit
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •2. Discuss the questions with jour partner, few
- •1. Complete these sentences witlu/еь'. A jew, many, much, Hale, a little, a lot of.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •1 Read Text в and give answers to the questions.
- •Grammar Presentation Модальный глагол should
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •I Любимцем
- •1. Translate into English:
- •3. Docs your university hold scientific conferences for students? If yes, comment on students' attendance.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •2. "Translate into English:
- •Defining Economics
- •Read for More Information
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Economics and Its Great Man
- •Grammar Revision Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •Words you may need
- •Activities
- •2. Asking the way
- •Role-play
- •Youth is the Prime Time of Life
- •Vocabulary List
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary List
- •Unit 2
- •I. Income and Spending
- •II. The Nation's Economy
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List
- •Income and Spending
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •I. Income and Spending
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Income, to get/to spend income Translate into English.
- •1. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List Text в Personal Expenditure
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Comprehension
- •Причастие (The Participle)
- •Формы причастия
- •I. Income and Spending
- •1. Income and Spending
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Income and Spending
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Comment on 2), 5), 6).
- •1. 'IVanslate into Russian:
- •2. Comment on Die above statements.
- •Text с Income Distribution
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •1 Read Text с and give answers to the questions.
- •Grammar Presentation
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Income distribution
- •Consumer Society
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Read for More Information
- •Explain the role of goldsmiths in the appearance of banknotes.
- •History of Money
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Translate the italicised sentence in writing.
- •Say what macroeconomics deals with. Macroeconomics
- •Grammar Revision
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Activities
- •Role-play Personal Budget
- •What Shall We Do Tonight?
- •Text On British Economy
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary List
- •The Nation's Economy
- •Interview with the Economist
- •Note on the Text
- •Role-play
- •L. Business and Government
- •II. The Budget. Taxes
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •1 Read Test a and give answers to the questions.
- •Употребление инфинитива Фирмы инфинитива
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •In a Library
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •I. Now say what you know about demand and supply.
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Make up sentences of your own using:
- •Factors That Affect Price
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Present Continuous
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Translate into English:
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •1. Study the illustrative sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •1. 'Translate into English:
- •Words you may need
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •2. Лпчжт these questions:
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Develop 1) and 8).
- •The us Economic Sjstem
- •Read for More Information
- •Monopolies
- •How can monopolies be broken up? Competition
- •Renting a Car
- •Social English Booking Airline Tickets
- •Activities
- •At a Railway Station
- •Activities
- •Checking in at a hotel
- •Role-play
- •Imagine that students in an international student club are discussing lifestyles and living standards in their countries.
- •Text a The Budget
- •Text в Taxes
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •B) Taxation
- •C) Factors of Production
- •Starting a Career Text a Starting a Career
- •Unit 4
- •The Financial System
- •Comprehension
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •What professional qualifications, skills and personal characteristics should people in these jobs have?
- •Requirements:
- •McKinsey & Company is a leading international management
- •Technological and operating issues
- •If you meet these requirements,
- •2. Think of situations hi which you can use the above word combinations.
- •2. Do you agree with points 2) and 4)?
- •Interest; to be of interest, to arouse interest, to show an interest, to have (an) interest, to express (an) interest, to lose interest
- •1. Translate into Russian.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •I» Complete the expressions using one verb for column л and one verb for column в and say who in your family makes/does the things.
- •Starting Work
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List Text в The Labour Market
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •1. Give derivatives of to compete. 1. Translate into English:
- •A. Office Problems
- •Text с Looking for a Job Abroad
- •Vocabulary List
- •Speech Patterns
- •Comprehension
- •2. Find in the text the sentence:
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •What do people regret most often?
- •1. Translate into Russian;
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Into Russian:
- •A Chronological Resume
- •Job Interview
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •Social English
- •Activities
- •Role-play Job Opportunities
- •Note on the Texl
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Text в The Stock Exchange
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •Note on the Text
- •A) The Central Banking System
- •B) The us Treasury
- •Unit 5
- •Text a Business Communication
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation Инфинитив в составе оборота
- •To announce to know
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •I. Business Communication
- •1. 'Irynskitc into Russian:
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •2. Translate info English:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •I. Make your own sentences with the words which are frequently used wilh to draw up in the meaning "to prepare and write something" such as a document or a plan:
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •Words you may need
- •Text в Business Letter Writing Structure of a Business Letter
- •1. The letterhead
- •2. The date
- •3. Addressee's name and address
- •Courtesy titles
- •12. ЛюЬимцеоа
- •4. The salutation
- •5. The message
- •6. The complimentary close
- •7. Signature
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Как читать цифры и числа (How to Read Figures and Numbers)
- •1. Даты
- •2. Номера телефонов и факсов
- •3. Цифра "о"
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •The Internet in Russia
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Text с
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation Наклонение (The Mood)
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •2. Translate into English paying attention to except and besides,
- •Memorandum
- •Read for More Information
- •Write out from the text the sentences containing the passive voice. Explain the use of the forms.
- •Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •B. How to Report я Meeting
- •Look up (lie words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from ihe box.
- •Form nouns from the following verbs: м want, lo work, to aintrol, to use, to limit, to pay, in cover, to trade, to buy, to call.
- •Organising a Business
- •Interview with the Chairman
- •Activities
- •Role-play
- •The Lochshell Company ltd Minutes
- •Text Accounting and Auditing
- •Note on the Text
- •1 II is the process of capturing, processing, and communicating financial information.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Exercises
- •Accounting: Changes and Prospects
- •209 Unit 6
- •II. World Trends. Globalisation
- •Vocabulary List
- •Text a Modern World Economy
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •The Multinational Enterprise
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •I. The World We Live In
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Производные слова
- •Составные слова
- •1. Составные существительные:
- •2. Составные прилагательные:
- •1. Translate into Russian. Comment on 1), 2), 3).
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Words you may need
- •Interact V — взаимодействовать stream n — поток solid adj — твердый
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Answer the questions. Ask your classmates what they think about 2) and 3).
- •«Признавать»
- •Words you may need
- •Computers in Education
- •Inhabitant n - житель
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •Do you agree that computers pose a challenge?
- •Words and word combinations you may need
- •Find conditional sentences in the text. What types are they?
- •Economics and the Consumer Society
- •Activities
- •Role-play
- •Text a
- •Vocabulary List
- •The Global Economy
- •Scarcity
- •Role-play
- •I. The Social Profile and State Structure
- •II. International Organisations
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •(Продолжение)
- •2 (It не: one second) 4
- •Математические действия (Mathematical Operations)
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Give English equivalents to:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •6 Billionth Baby Born, But Birth Rale Slowing
- •5 Million Citizens
- •The British State System
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Local Government
- •Words you may need
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Words and word combination you may need
- •Translate the italicised sentence, underline the subject of Ihe sentence with one line and the predicate with two lines.
- •Explain (in writing) why America was and remains a mobile nation.
- •Pick out the sentences describing the American Dream. American Population
- •Great Britain
- •Word combinations you may need
- •Useful Language
- •Role-play
- •International Organisations
- •Text International Organisations
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •Артикль (The Article)
- •Нулевой артикль
- •Неисчисляемые сущестшггельные
- •Имя прилагательное (The Adjective)
- •Суффиксы прилагательных
- •Наречие (The Adverb) Степени сравнения наречий
- •Местоимение
- •It is on the table. Она на столе.
- •Числительное (The Numeral)
- •Местоимения much и many
- •Глагол (The Verb)
- •Основные формы неправильных глаголов
- •Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты
- •Основные видо-времениые формы глагола
- •Directing the meeting and keeping order
- •Interrupting
- •Making suggestions
- •Returning to the topic
- •Expressing an opinion
- •It's Quite obvious t6 me...
- •Positive reaction
- •Mild disagreement
- •Assessing ideas (proposals, opinions)
- •.Литература
- •Начальный курс
- •214000, I. Смоленск, пр-г им. Ю. Гагарина, 2.
Grammar and Lexis
Ex. 21. What would you do if you found yourself in Ihe situations below? Answer according (o the Model.
Model. A. What would you do if... ? A 1 think I'd...
you failed the exam
you wanted to know English better
ТИР1
40
Unitl
Firs! Challenges and Accomplishments
41
you wanted to enter a foreign university
you won a lot of money in a lottery
a friend borrowed (занять) money from yon and didn't return it
you were on holiday abroad and lost your money
Ex. 22. Complete the phrases in A with appropriate information from B. Notice the. use of gerunds. First study the Examples:
You can improve your English accent by listening to tapes,
I learn new words by writing them down in my notebook.
Agood way to become fluent in afore ign language is by living ina country
where the language is spoken.
А В
You can improve your English accent...
A good way lo learn idioms and proverbs is...
You can improve your writing skills..,
A good way lo learn new vocab ulary is...
You can learn to read faster...
One way of practising conversa tion is...
You can learn to use grammar correctly...
You can develop self-confidence in speaking English...
a. by doing translation exercises.
b. by talking to native English speakers.
c. by reading magazines in English.
d. by working with dictionaries.
e. by practising dialogues with a partner.
f. by watching movies in English.
g. by having a private teacher.
h. by taking a language course in Britain.
Ex. 23. a) Translate into Russian, b) Do you agree with 1, 2, 4, 5, 7?
It is no use pretending that anyone has discovered a perfect way of teach ing English in every possible situation.
It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication.
There is another relevant point worth mentioning here.
Students should forget about being shy and should enjoy speaking a for eign language.
One can learn a foreign language only if the person is interested in learn ing it.
Language learning is an active thing.
It's worth remembering that learning a foreign language takes a lot of
time.
Ex. 24. a) Learn the following words referring to countries and languages.
Country Languages Countiy Languages
Italy Japan Korea Luxemburg The Netherlands Norway Portugal Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United States of America |
Italian Japanese Korean French Dutch Norwegian Portuguese Russian Spanish Swedish French, German, Italian Turkish English |
Australia English
Belgium Flemish, Dutch, French
Brazil Portuguese
Canada English, French
China Mandarin Chinese
Cyprus Turkish, Greek
Denmark Danish
Egypt Arabic
England English
Finland Finnish, Swedish
France French
Germany German
Greece Greek
India Hindi, English
Iraq Arabic
Israel Hebrew, Arabic
b) Answer the questions:
When you meet an Englishman you will understand him. because you know English. What about a Swede (швея), a Dutchman (голландец), a Swiss (швейцарец), a Dane (датчанин)? Will you understand them?
Do you know Swedish, Dutch, Danish?
What language do ihe Danes / the Dutch/ the Scots / the Welsh / ihe Swiss / the Swedes speak?
c) Translate into English:
На каком языке говорят в Голландии?
Существует ли ишейцарский язык? - Нет. В Швейцарии говорят на францучском, немецком и итальянском языках.
Какой город является столицей Голландии (Дании/Швеции)?
Ex. 25. Rewrite the sentences as in (he Model.
Model: — It is easy to learn English. — One can learn English easily. — He speaks English well. - His English is good.
He can speak several foreign languages fluently.
Students are attracted to methods that will teach them quickly, efficiently
and cheaply.
3. Language learning is sin active thing.
42
Unit!
I. First Challenges and Accomplishments
43
He is a careful driver.
His pronunciation of some words was incorrect.
His English is perfect.
Ex. Zd. Practise these words and word combinations: advertisement, to advertise Answer these questions:
Are there many advertisements in our newspapers and on our TV these days? Do you like it?
Do you believe the information in the advertisements?
What goods and services are advertised most often?
Have you ever placed an advertisement in a newspaper?
Have you ever bought anything advertised in a newspaper or on TV?
effort, to make an effort Answer these questions:
Does learning a foreign language require much effort and time?
Does studying in institutes of higher education require much effort?
Do you make every effort to help your friends when they need help?
What subjects lake much effort?
advantage, to have an advantage (over) Ant. disadvantage Translate imo English:
У него есть большое преимущество перед другими студентами: он изучал английский язык в Англии.
Этот метод имеет ряд преимуществ.
Моя новая квартира имеет преимущество перед старой.
Интернет даст большие преимущества пользователям.
Учеба за границей имеет преимущества и недостатки.
to afford smth/to do sinth