2. Develop 1) and 8).

to manage

Make up your own sentences with the nouns which are frequently used with the verb to manage: ftousetiold/factory/uffice/resources/Junds/budgfl/money.

Ex. 19. Read Text С again and make a list of ГшиЛтпч performed by local governments in the U.K. Do our local governments perform similar functions? If you cannot answer the question, go to the library and read on local governments.

Ex. 20. Do you agree with the statement in Text С about the objective of local government?

Ex. 21. Develop the main problem local governments face. Make use of the words in TextC.

Ex.22, a) Read the text, b) Compare the role of government in Russia with that of gov­ernment in the US.

The us Economic Sjstem

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. This system is often referred to as a "free enterprise system". Yet the government has to some extent always been involved in regulating the

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Unit3

I. Business and Government

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US economy. Al the same time, US citizens have always had the freedom to choose for whom they will work, and what they will buy.

In the US economic system consumers, producers and the government make decisions mainly through the price system. As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend, while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state and local levels seeks to promote public safety, ensure competition, and provide some services. The federal government, for example, provides national de­fence. By contrast, the construction and maintenance of most highways is the responsibility of individual state governments. The public education sys­tems are paid for by state, county or city governments. In general, police and fire protection are the responsibilities of local governments.

Each level of government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for Ihemselves by making grants to low-income parents with children, by providing medical care for the aged and invalids, by assisting the unem­ployed.

Words and word combinations you may need

county н - графство care for v - заботиться о make a grant - прсдосталлять безвоз­мездную помощь the aged n - пожилые assist v - помогать

principally adv - преимущественно refer to i> — ссылаться на что-л. to some extent - до некоторой степени national defence - национальная обо­рона

bj contrast - в противоположность maintenance n — жеплуатаиия

Ex. 23. Sum up Text С (orallj/in writing).

Situation: Imagine thai you arc gelling prepared for a meeting with represen­tatives of English county councils — with people who work within local government. Make a list of questions you would ask them.

Ex. 24. Discussion questions.

1. What role do producers play in an economy?

2. What problems does every economy face?

3. How is the problem of "what, how and for whom to produce" solved in a market economy?

4. How do buyers and producers respond to changes in prices?

5. How is a market created?

6. What is a perfect market?

7. How do monopolies begin?

8, What do businesses compete for?

9. How do supply and demand influence each olher?

10. What affects supply/demand?

11. What factors affect price?

10. Do governments coordinate the work of business in a market econo­ my?

10. Is government intervention considered necessary?

10. Can you give some examples of the role of government in the econo­ my?

10. Do local authorities play an important role in the life of communities?

11. What powers/responsibilities are usually given to local government?