Infinitive Past Participle Participle II Participle I

to ask asked asked asking

to go went gone going

Все английские глаголы делятся на правильные и неправиль­ные. Правильные глаголы образуют формы Past Simple путем прибавления суффикса -ed к основе глагола: to stop — stopped — stopped.

Формы неправильных глаголов следует заучивать: to write — wrote — written (см. Таблицу неправильных глаголов).

В английском языке имеется четыре группы времен: Simple, Progressive, Perfect, Perfect Progressive, которые образуют двенад­цать временных форм.

Времена группы simple

	Present	Past	Future
Affirmative	I	I	I
	Yo u	Yo u	We shall work
	We work	We
	They	They worked	Yo u
		He	They
	She	She	He will work
	He works	It	She
	It		It

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(продолжение)

	Present	Past	Future
Negative	I We do not Yo u (don’t) work They He does not She (doesn’t) It work	I Yo u We did not They (didn’t) He work She It	I We shall not (shan’t) work Yo u They He will not She (won’t) work It
Interrogative	I Do we work? you they he Does she work? it	I we you Did they work? he she it	Shall I work? we you Will they work? he she it

Времена группы Simple обозначают обычное, регулярное, повторяющееся действие, либо указывают на сам факт его со­вершения в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем.

С временами группы Simple обычно употребляются следую­щие словосочетания:

1. Present Simple: often, seldom, always, usually, regularly, every day, sometimes, as a rule.

2. Past Simple: yesterday, last week (month, year), the day before yesterday, ago.

3. Future Simple: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year), in a day (week, month).

Future Simple не употребляется в придаточных предложени­ях времени и условия после союзов if, when, before, after, as soon as, till, until. В этих предложениях вместо Future Simple употреб­ляется Present Simple. На русский язык переводится будущим временем. Например:

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I shall enter the University when Я поступлю в университет, когда

I finish school. закончу школу.

Self-correcting Exercises Exercise 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. My friend studies at the University.

2. Does your sister study at school?

3. Where does your brother study?

4. My friend doesn’t study at the University. He’s a school boy yet.

5. He lived in the North during the war.

6. Did you visit your friend yesterday?

7. They didn’t know my address.

8. In 5 years I shall graduate from the University.

9. Will you go to the library tomorrow?

10. We shall not pass our exams well if we don’t work hard.

Мой друг занимается в университете.

Твоя сестра учится в школе?

Где учится твой брат?

Мой друг не учится в университете, он еще школьник.

Он жил на севере во время войны.

Ты навестил своего друга вчера?

Они не знали моего адреса. Через 5 лет я окончу университет.

Ты пойдешь в библиотеку завтра?

Мы не сдадим хорошо экзамен, если не будем усердно работать.

Exercise 2. Use the Past Simple Tense.

M o d e l: Our group always works well in the students’ construction team, (last summer).

Our group worked well in the students’ construction team last summer.

1. I get excellent marks in English, (last year).

2. Minsk often becomes the arena of the world championship, (in 1981) In 1981.

Last year I got excellent marks in English.

Minsk became the arena of the world championship.

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3. All the students of our group attend the dean’s lecture, (yesterday).

4. I often go to the library (when I was preparing for the conference).

5. We work at the English lab on Friday, (last Friday).

All the students of our group attended the dean’s lecture yesterday.

When I was preparing for the conference I often went to the library.

Last Friday we worked at the English lab.

Exercise 3. Use the Future Simple Tense.

M o d e l: The students of our group take part in the conference, (in April).

The students of our group will take part in the conference in April.

1. In summer we join the students’ Construction Team, (next summer).

2. We have 2 seminars every week, (next week).

3. Students of our group make interesting reports at the sitting of the English club, (at the next sitting of the club).

4. I am a second-year student, (next year).

5. I buy English newspapers , (on Friday).

Next summer we shall join the students’ Construction Team.

We shall have 2 seminars next week.

Students of our group will make interesting reports at the next sitting of the club.

I shall be a second-year student next year.

I shall buy English newspapers on Friday.

Exercise 4. Make the sentences interrogative.

M o d e l: I go (went) to the University by bus.

Do (did) you go to the University by bus?

1. My friend lives in Sochi.

2. The teacher asks many questions at the lesson.

3. He often writes letters to his parents.

Does your friend live in Sochi?

Does the teacher ask many questions at the lesson?

Does he often write letters to his parents?

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4. The lecture began at 6. Did the lecture begin at 6?

5. The students worked hard on Did the students work hard on their their reports. reports?

6. He will visit Great Britain next Will he visit Great Britain next year? year.

Exercise 5. Ask questions using the question words given.

1. 2. 3.

Who visited us on Sundays? Who will visit us on Sundays?

When does the delegation arrive?

What did our students take part in?

Where will she teach English?

M o d e l: He will graduate from the University next year. (When?) When will he graduate from the University? He visits us on Sundays. (Who?) Who visits us on Sundays? He visited us on Sundays. (Who?)

He will visit us on Sundays. (Who?)

4. The delegation arrives in the evening. (When?)

5. Our students took part in the meeting. (What?)

6. She will teach English at school. (Where?)

Exercise 6. Make the sentences negative.

1. They go to the library every day.

2. He works at the English

They don’t go to the library every day. He doesn’t work at the English

laboratory every day.

He didn’t get excellent marks at the exams.

She didn’t like to work in the evening.

We shall not translate this text in class.

They will not finish this experiment in some days.

laboratory every day.

3. We got excellent marks at the exams.

4. She liked to work in the evening.

5. We shall translate this text in class.

6. They will finish this experiment in some days.

Exercise 7. Transform as in the model.

M o d e l: He works hard. He will pass all his exams well. If he works hard he will pass all his exams well.

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1. He is free. He will help you.	If he is free he will help you.
2. I’ll stay at home. It rains.	If it rains, I’ll stay at home.
3. The weather is bad. We shall not go for a walk.	If the weather is bad we shall not go for a walk.
4. The film is interesting. I’ll go and see it.	If the film is interesting I’ll go and see it.
5. I return home at 5, I’ll call on you after 7.	If I return at 5, I’ll call on you after 7.

Self-training Exercises Exercise 1. Answer the following questions.

1. Where do you study? 2. Did you live in the hostel last year? 3. Will you take part in the conference? 4. When will you pass your entrance examinations? 5. Where does your friend study? 6. Do your parents work at a plant? 7. Did you go to the theatre yesterday? 8. When did you finish school? 9. Do you often see your school-friend?

Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present, Past or Future Simple Tense.

A. 1. We always (to consult) a dictionary when we (to translate) texts. 2. We (to take part) in a sport competition last Sunday. 3. My friend (to pass) entrance examinations to the University last month. 4. He (to study) at the Law Department now. 5. He (to graduate) from the University in five years and will become a law­ yer. 6. The students (to come) to the lectures every day. 7. We (not to go) to the country this Sunday.

B. 1. When he (to graduate) from the University, he will become a good specialist. 2. If you (to prepare) the report in time, you will take part in the conference. 3. When I (to be) 18, I (to take part) in the elections. 4. We (revise) the rules in some days. 5. If you (to come) to the lecture, you will learn many interesting things.

Exercise 3. Put special questions to the words given in bold type.

1. We discussed the plan for the second term at the meeting. 2. The best students receive scholarships. 3. He didn’t follow my advice. 4. They

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will play football after the lessons. 5. The seminar will take place on Monday. 6. We go to the English lab twice a week. 7. My friend works at the people’s court. 8. They spent their vacations in the Crimea. 9. The doctor will come in the afternoon. 10. The students went to the can­teen after the lectures.

Exercise 4. Translate into English.

1. Завтра у нас будет два семинара. 2. Студенты нашей группы сделают интересные доклады на заседании английского клуба. 3. На последнем собрании мы обсуждали план работы научного кружка. 4. Он не принимал участия в научной конференции, так как был болен. 5. Он успешно сдал вступительные экзамены и поступил в университет. 6. Мои родители живут недалеко от Ростова. 7. Статья рассказывает об очень интересных событиях. 8. Что вы делаете по вечерам? 9. Если вы выучите новые слова, вы поймете содержание этой статьи. 10. Вы часто посещали выставки в прошлом году? 11. Когда он закончит университет, он будет хорошим специалистом. 12. Когда я был студентом, я каждый день ходил в библиотеку.