Police force in the united states

Historians suggest that the first modem police in the United States did not come into existence until 1833 in the city of New York.

The first municipal police agencies consisted of nightwatchmen whose responsibility was to protect property during the evening and early morning hours. Crime continued to increase, however, and gradually there were demands to hire men to provide similar protection during the daylight hours as well. Thus, by the 1830s and 1840s these two types of police were combined to form a unified, more effective municipal police agency. The modern police departments came into existence, especially in the years following World War 1. Since 1920 municipal police agencies have increasingly grown in personnel and re­sponsibilities. Special training and more selective recruitment practices have been developed to go hand in hand with the use of such techno­logical developments as the automobile, the individual police radio, and the computer. The great part of police work does not involve crime-fighting situations but rather consists of both service and peacekeeping activities.

Service functions include directing traffic and enforcing traffic regulations, answering accident calls, aiding the sick, helping find a lost child or rescue a lost pet, recovering stolen property, and reporting fires. These are all services performed to assist the public.

Peacekeeping functions of the police are designed to maintain public order.

(«Law, Order, and Justice»)

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The work of militia

Our militia was created by the working people to protect their rights. The officers of our militia have always displayed courage and heroism in the fight against enemies of our state during the Great Pa­triotic War as well as in the years of peaceful construction.

The main aim of militia has always been to maintain public order, to protect state and personal property and safeguard the rights of our citizens. Nowadays great attention in the work of militia is paid to pre­vention of crime, to its suppression. But if a crime has been committed, the militia officers are to solve the crime as quickly as possible. To fulfill these tasks the organs of internal affairs are composed of different de­partments.

The Criminal Detection Department is one of the most compli­cated militia services. The main responsibility of the officer of the Criminal Detection Department is to detect the criminal, that is to lo­cate and apprehend him. In many cases the detective must trace a fugi­tive who is hiding.

The officers of the Criminal Investigation Department collect facts to prove the guilt or innocence of the suspect. The final test of a crimi­nal investigation is in presentation of evidence in court. Corpus delicti must be established, the defendant must be identified and associated with the crime scene. The investigator must also provide competent wit­nesses.

Economic Crimes Department fights against those who don't want to live an honest life. The responsibility of the officers of this Depart­ment is to reveal the criminal activity of those who commit embezzle­ment and other economic crimes, bring them to justice.

The State Auto-Inspection is responsible for traffic regulation and safety on the roads.

The Transport Militia maintains law and order on the railway, air lines and water ways of the country.

The Juvenile Inspection handles «difficult» juveniles and their careless parents. They also do much work to prevent juvenile delinquency.

The Correctional System is supposed to rehabilitate offenders through labour. This is the purpose of correctional establishments.

A new service for the fight against organized crime has been cre­ated in our militia. Organized crime operates on fear, bribery and force. Militia officers of organized crime department are devoting their efforts to collect sufficient evidence to bring gang leaders to justice.