Texts for oral translation

TEXT 1

Translate the article into Russian orally.

Will the u.S. See a Major Manufacturing Revival?

There are considerable opportunities for a U.S. revival, particularly in advanced industries such as chemicals, automobiles and aerospace. Three core drivers will enable the expansion of U.S. manufacturing.

First, the cost of some key inputs is falling, for instance, the shale-gas boom that has reduced U.S. natural-gas prices by two-thirds since 2008. This is making the country more competitive for gas-intensive industries such as petrochemicals and fertilizers.

Second, major sectors such as aerospace and automobiles will see additional exports on the back of surging demand from Asia and the Middle East (e.g. commercial aircraft fleets globally are expected to double in size by 2025).

Finally and most importantly, technological innovation (e.g. digitization, data analytics, advanced automation, Internet of things and additive manufacturing) is transforming the landscape for manufacturing. The U.S., given its historical advantage in technology adoption, should be well positioned to benefit from this disruption, provided that it can maintain a strong talent base and innovation pipeline.

The Wall Street Journal, July 3^rd, 2014

NOTES

1. the Internet of things - (IoT) refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems – Интернет вещей

2. additive manufacturing - a manufacturing process through which three-dimensional (3-D) solid objects are created. It enables the creation of physical 3-D models of objects using a series of additive or layered development framework, where layers are laid down in succession to create a complete 3-D object (also known as 3-D printing) – аддитивное производство с использованием технологий 3D печати.

3. given – учитывая, принимая во внимание

4. provided – при условии, что ….

Useful terms and expressions

• shale-gas – сланцевый газ

• natural-gas – природный газ

• fertilizers – удобрения

• digitization – использование цифровых технологий

• disruption – подрыв, разрушение, сбой, дестабилизация

TEXT 2

Translate the article into Russian orally.

U.K. To End 300 Years of Deep Coal Mining as Prices Slump

Britain plans to close its last deep coal mine in December, spelling the death of an industry that’s kept the nation’s economy humming since the Industrial Revolution.

The U.K.’s last deep underground mine, located at Kellingley in northern England, will shut around Dec. 15, U.K. Coal Holdings Ltd. said in a statement. The company’s Thoresby mine ceases production on Friday.

The closing will mark the nation’s exit from an industry that employed more than a million workers at 3,000 pits a century ago. Since 2000, U.K. power generators Electricite de France SA to RWE AG bought more of the fuel from abroad, where coal from Australia to Colombia is cheaper, according to the Federation of U.K. Coal Producers. European prices slumped to an eight-year low in April.

The U.K. had three operating deep mines through the end of June. A pit at Hatfield in northern England shut June 30 after failing to get additional government funding.

Deep pits accounted for 38% of the U.K.’s coal output in April, with surface mines making up the rest, Department of Energy data showed.

Britain imported 1.9 million metric tons of the solid fuel in April, compared with domestic production of 757,000 tons, according to the Department of Energy. Purchases from abroad covered a record 84% of total consumption in 2014, compared with 21 percent in 1995.

Worldwide coal prices tumbled as growth in supply continues to outpace demand.

The world’s five largest exporters, including Australia, Colombia and Russia, trimmed shipments by 5.5% to 218 million tons in the second quarter from the same quarter a year earlier, while purchases by the eight largest importers dropped 6.5% to 150 million tons in the same period, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

BloombergBusinessweek, July 10^th, 2015