3. Причастия в функции союзов и предлогов

Exercise № 18

Причастия в функции союзов вводят условные, причинно-следственные и уступительные придаточные предложения. На русский язык они переводятся следующим образом: provided/providing, granted/granting ─ при условии, принимая во внимание;supposing, assuming ─ если, допустим, предположим, что;seeing ─ поскольку, принимая во внимание, учитывая, ввиду того что.

Причастия в функции предлогов стоят перед существительными и переводятся следующим образом: given ─ при наличии, учитывая, если учесть;failing ─ при отсутствии, в случае отсутствия, ввиду отсутствия, за неимением;regarding, considering, respecting ─ относительно;following ─ вслед за, после;barring ─ кроме, за исключением, исключая, если исключить, если не.

Given, failing, barring с относящимися к ним словам могут переводиться условным придаточным предложением.

Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. It will take time for exports to recover to pre-earthquake levels given that supply-chain disruptions and electricity shortages are hampering efforts to restore production.

2. True, the 6% or 7% pace of last quarter probably won’t be repeated, but solid growth in the neighborhood of 4% for the next couple of quarters seems likely, especially given the powerful boost expected from the need to rebuild inventories.

3. However, given signs that manufacturing is on the road to recovery, interest rates have further to rise before they reach their peak.

4. The eurozone has managed to avoid returning to recession for the first time since the financial crisis following the collapse of U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers, mainly thanks to the strength of its largest economy, Germany.

5. Given that U.S. spending is picking up, import growth in the mid-single-digits seems highly likely.

6. Provided modest growth returns from the middle of next year, that should be sufficient for debt to start edging down from a peak of 127.6% of GDP.

7. The Italian oil company ENI first found gas in Mozambique in 2011, closely following a discovery by Anadarko Petroleum of the United States.

8. Further immediate cuts of government stimulus – even supposing they are practicable – would not produce an offsetting increase in private sector aggregate demand.

9. Barring hurricane strikes at oil refineries, US petrol markets normally hit a seasonal peak before summer begins.

10. Supposing the US plan ends up providing $200 billion, that would be roughly 1.5% of US GDP.

11. Investors were also energized by better data from the US, particularly regarding the housing.

12. These challenges are pushing local brands to alter their thinking regarding the need for development and technology support from international partners.

4. Перевод предложений, подлежащее которых выражено неодушевленным существительным, а сказуемое – глаголом, выражающим чувстВо

Exercise № 19

При переводе таких предложений сказуемое, выраженное глаголами to see, enjoy,как правило, переводится словами “отмечалось”, “произошло”, “наблюдалось”, а подлежащее английского предложения становится дополнением или обстоятельством места. Если за таким сказуемым идет дополнение в виде существительного, обозначающего “увеличение” или “уменьшение” чего-то, то в этом случае глагол опускается, а сказуемым становится это дополнение.

Last week saw a further decline in interest rates. На прошлой неделе произошло дальнейшее снижение процентных ставок.

Government spending saw a steady growth in the first three months. В первом квартале государственные расходы устойчиво росли.

В некоторых словосочетаниях глагол enjoy может переводиться словами “обладать”, “иметь”, “пользоваться”.

Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. Perhaps the most dramatic decline among the eurozone’s members was seen in the Netherlands, whose economy shrank 1.1 percent on the previous quarter.

2. The wider 27-nation EU saw output rise 0.1 percent during the quarter, largely on the back of an Olympics-related boost in Britain.

3. While Europe and the U.S. have been mired in economic stagnation, Latin America has enjoyed a strong recovery, having for the most part sailed through the recession without lasting damage.

4. The sector, which accounts for about 10% of Japan’s total exports, saw a 22.1% slump from March 2010, as car manufacturers had to cut production and idle plants because of electricity shortfalls and supply chain disruption in the wake of the Fukushima disaster.

5. Europe’s economy enjoyed its strongest growth last decade, powered by a resurgent Germany.

6. As America enjoyed the rewards of its vibrant “new economy”, Europe, it seemed, was saddled with a tired, old economy, incapable of change.

7. In October private sector services saw the slowest expansion with weaknesses in business activity and new orders.

8. The steel sector was the only one out of eight core sectors that saw a contraction, which accelerated to 5-9% in August compared to 2-5% in July. This is probably due to the increased import of cheap steel from China due to the devaluation of yuan.

9. Any concerns over the economic health of China, which once enjoyed a double-digit growth for more than a decade, is likely to raise fears of spillover to other nations.

10. It was important to ensure that those economies enjoyed normal external conditions for trade, economic and financial activities and gained rapid entry into the multilateral trading system, with unhindered access to world trade markets.