2. Make up a list of strategies that ensured Tesco’s success in the uk market.

Vocabulary practice

Exercise № 6

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.

1. ………. a competitive marketplace where businesses compete …………. customers; customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator.

2. Competitive advantages provide an edge …………. rivals and an ability to generate greater value ………….. a firm and its shareholders.

3. Germany's chancellor made a rare public intervention in the debate about money printing by the European Central Bank on Monday, warning it was no substitute …………. economic reforms in the euro zone.

4. The dominant firms …………… an oligopolistic market often have large factories, huge advertising budgets, patented products, and control …………… raw materials. These barriers ……………..entry make it very hard for new or smaller firms to compete ……………. them.

5. Hong Kong, with its natural resource limitations, can only compete ……………. quality, not quantity.

6. Yet India's textile industry could not compete ……………. Britain's, even though British wages were five times higher.

7. However, production costs are often too high for bio-fuels to compete ……………… fossil fuels.

8. Businesses who succeed ……………….. these cut-throat environments are the ones that make customer satisfaction a key element of their business strategy.

9. Barriers ……………. entry are economic or technical factors that prevent or make it difficult for new firms to break ……………. the market.

10. Their business deals ……………… new and used books.

11. The leader has the largest market share and usually leads the other firms …………… price changes, new-product introductions, distribution coverage, and promotion spending

12. Market power enables oligopolies to charge prices that are well …………. their marginal costs of production.

13. Competing …………..price is a race to the bottom: no matter what product or service you offer, there will always be someone else who figures out how to offer it for even cheaper.

14. The government is formulating legislation to deal ………….. a new phenomenon known as identity theft.

15. While rivals jockey …………… market share, Apple bathes ……………… profits.

16. In the increasingly crowded race to put self-driving cars on the road, Google is losing …….... ………… competitors.

17. Apple increased global iPhone shipments by 13% last year, but its growth rate is lagging ………………. competitors in the smartphone space  arguably the company's most important market.

18. Global telecommunications industry sees rise in capital spending as companies try to keep pace …………………… disruptive competitors.

Exercise № 7

Gain(s) – 1) прирост, увеличение;2) прибыль, доходы;3)  выгода

productivity gains – рост производительности

Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. Energy companies made big gains Wednesday as the price of oil continued to rebound.

2. The yen, which strengthened sharply after the British referendum, lost some gains.

3. The economy shows signs of accelerating this quarter as job gains and low borrowing costs are helping propel household demand.

4. Digital technology is another path to productivity gains.

5. The rise in house prices is outstripping wage gains.

6. The gains from China’s remarkable growth of the past 35 years have not been evenly shared.

7. But economists believe continued steady gains in hiring will boost spending in coming months and help growth to accelerate.

8. For many company funds, financial gain is less important than finding the next big ideas.

9. In some cases, pay was set up to motivate bankers to seek short-term gains even when their actions led to losses over longer term.

10. The chain has reported five straight quarters of sales growth, but pace of gains has been modest.