Useful terms and expressions

• deep coal mining – добыча угля подземным способом

• to keep humming - продолжать работать (без перебоев)

• to cease – прекращать, останавливать

• coal pit – угольная шахта, котлован

• surface mining – добыча угля в открытых карьерах

• to trim – урезать, сокращать, уменьшать

• to compile – составлять, собирать

TEXT 3

Translate the article into Russian orally.

What's going on in uk manufacturing?

Manufacturing accounts for about 10% of the output of the UK economy. The rest of the production industries: mining, quarrying, gas, electricity, water and sewage account for another 5%.

The service sector accounts for 79%, while construction makes up the final 6%.

In the last decade, manufacturing grew gradually from 2005 to 2008, at which point it took a dive in the financial crisis in common with the rest of the economy.

It recovered from 2010 until the start of 2012 and has been pretty volatile since then.

The sector is still below its pre-crisis peaks, unlike the service sector, which is well above its pre-crisis level.

Foreign investment plays a big role in UK manufacturing. There are lots of things about the UK that make it an attractive destination for foreign companies looking to acquire other businesses or expand overseas.

It has relatively low corporation tax and a flexible labour market, which makes it easier to expand and contract a business as is necessary.

But in recent years there has been a big challenge for foreign investors: the strength of sterling. A strong pound makes investing in the UK more expensive for foreign companies and it makes their products more expensive to export once they have been made.

Many parts of the UK manufacturing sector have struggled to compete with lower-cost economies in Asia.

When big manufacturers shed jobs, many tend to go at once, often in parts of the country with relatively few alternative employers.

Industry bosses and unions say that the UK manufacturing sector could be stronger if the government was as much of a friend to industry as the governments of other EU members such as Germany and France.

"It is important that manufacturing exporters, in particular, get the support they need as they face significant challenges," says David Kern, chief economist at the British Chambers of Commerce.

But there was one piece of good news for the sector in recent trade figures, which suggested an unexpectedly strong improvement in exports of goods and services, despite the strong pound.

http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34463597б, October 20^th, 2015

Useful terms and expressions

• quarrying – добыча полезных ископаемых открытым способом

• sewage – канализация

• to take a dive – резко сократиться

• destination – пункт назначения, рынок сбыта, целевой рынок

• to acquire – приобретать, покупать

• corporation tax – налог на прибыль корпораций

• flexible – гибкий, эластичный, способный быстро приспосабливаться

• to struggle – с трудом удаваться, находиться в бедственном положении, сталкиваться с проблемами, прилагать усилия

• (trade) unions - профсоюзы

TEXT 4

Translate the article into Russian orally.