3. Comparative* Structures (Сравнительные конструкции)

as ... as ...	такой же ..., как; так же ..., как
not as (so) ... as	не такой..., как; не так..., как

This book is as good as that one.

Эта книга такая же хорошая, как и та.

These books are as good as those.

Эти книги такие же хорошие, как и те.

Mary has as many books as Peter (has).

У Мери столько же книг, сколько у Петра.

Nick speaks French as well as John (does).

Ник говорит по-французски так же хорошо, как и Джон.

The sea is as calm today as it was yesterday.

Mope сегодня такое же спокойное, как и вчера.

This book is not as good as that one.

Эта книга не такая хорошая, как та.

These books are not as good as those.

Эти книга не такие хорошие, как те.

Магу hasn’t as many books as Peter (has).

У Мери не так много книг, как у Петра.

Nick doesn’t speak French as well as Peter (docs).

Ник говорит по-французски не так хорошо, как Петр.

He won’t be able to work as much as he did a few years ago.

Он не сможет так много работать, как работал несколько лет тому назад.

При сравнении для замены ранее упомянутого исчисляемого существительного в единственном числе употребляется местоимение one.

This book is as good as that one.

Ho: These books are as good as those.

Если перед сравниваемым существительным (во второй части сравнительной конструкции) стоит существительное в притяжательном падеже, то сравниваемое существительное опускается.

My holiday is not as long as Peter’s.

У меня не такой длинный отпуск, как у Петра.

При сравнении действий во второй части сравнительной конструкции обычно употребляется соответствующий вспомогательный или модальный глагол.

He can play chess as well as John can.

Он играет шахматы так же хорошо, как и Джон.

He cannot play chess as well as John can.

Он не умеет играть в шахматы так же хорошо, как и Джон.

Exercise 10. Read and translate these sentences.

1. "I don’t think these pictures are as good as his," Bill said. 2. This sweater is as nice as your red one. 3. The film is not as interesting as the novel. 4. I am as busy today as I was yesterday. 5. I cannot play tennis as well as Peter can. 6. He does not speak German as well as Mary does. 7. I do not get up on Sunday as early as I do on Monday. 8. He did not stay there as long as you did. 9. This song is as good as the one we heard yesterday. 10. This film is not as interesting as the one we saw last Sunday. 11. Ann cannot sing as well as you can. 12. This lecture is as important as the one we had last week.

Exercise 11. Respond to these questions according to the models.

a) John is young. And Ben?

Ben is as young as John. Ben isn’t as young as Ben.

1. Peter is busy. And Bill? 2. Bill is tired. And Dick? 3. German is difficult. And French? 4. Lesson 12 is easy. And lesson 14? 5. Max has many English books. And Tom?

b) Jane can speak French well. And Mary?

Mary can speak French as well as Jane can.

Mary can’t speak French as well as Jane can.

1. Jack plays tennis well. And Ted? 2. Peter saw many interesting places there. And John? 3. Mary can speak English well. And Helen? 4. The Browns will be able to stay in Rome long. And the Smiths? 5. My brother often goes to the theatre. And you?

Exercise 12. Join these sentences using the pronoun one. Translate them.

a) This novel is interesting.

That novel is interesting, too.

This novel is as interesting as that one.

1. This magazine is interesting. That magazine is interesting, too. 2. The blue coat is nice. The dark brown coat is nice, too. 3. The old textbook is good. The new textbook is good, too. 4. The new sofa is comfortable. The old sofa is comfortable, too.

b) This novel is interesting.

The novel you gave me last week is interesting, too.

This novel is as interesting as the one you gave me last week.

1. This story is long. The story you told us yesterday was long, too. 2. This picture is good. The picture you showed me yesterday was good, too. 3. This film is interesting. The film we saw last Sunday was interesting, too. 4. This article is difficult. The article we translated yesterday was difficult, too.

Exercise 13. Translate into English.

1. Этот (многоквартирный) дом такой же большой, как и тот. 2. У Петра такая же хорошая квартира, как и у Николая. 3. Я так же часто обедаю в институтской столовой, как и вы. 4. День сегодня такой же чудесный, как и вчера. 5. Вы выглядите таким же усталым, как и он. 6. Мой брат встает так же рано, как и вы. 7. Вы не пробыли там так долго, как мы. 8. Это кресло не такое удобное, как то. 9. Анна говорит по-французски не так хорошо, как вы. 10. Встаете ли вы в воскресенье так же рано, как и во вторник? 11. Эта книга не такая интересная, как та, которую вы принесли мне на прошлой неделе.