Unit 12. Skin diseases.

Ex.1. Read and memorize the word, skim the text and answer the questions:

furuncle - фурункул; carbuncle - карбункул;

psoriasis – псоріаз; herpes - герпес;

urticaria( hives) - кропивниця;

decubitus ulcers (bedsores, pressure ulcer) - пролежні

A general term referring to any skin disease is dermatitis. Inflammation of the skin is called dermatitis. Sunlight may cause chemical and biological changes in the skin, and it may lead to skin cancer. Eczema is a very unpleasant disease that may be found in all age groups of people, and eczema may affect any and all parts of the skin surface. It is a noncontagious disease.

There are many other skin diseases, such as furuncles, carbuncles, psoriasis (a chronic disease with the skin covered by silvery scales), herpes, cancer of the skin, urticaria (an allergic retaction characterized by red patches (hives) often accompanied by severe itching), decubitus ulcers, or bedsores, or pressure ulcer - areas of dead skin and subcutaneous tissues. The nurse who cares for a bed patient must prevent the beginning of such a disease by frequent position change of this bed patient, because it is far easier than treatment of an established ulcer.

1. What is dermatitis? 2. What may cause chemical and biological changes in the skin? 3. What skin disease is a noncontagious disease? 4. What skin diseases can you name? 5. How can you prevent bedsores?

Ex.2.Read the words and translate the text:

nay fever – сінна лихоманка; to affect – впливати; common – звичайний; hereditary – спадковий; catching – заразний; itch – свербіти; to cause – викликати; interfere – втручатися; irritability – подразливість; commonly – звичайно; blisters – пухирці; to cure – вилікувати

Еczema (Atopic Eczema)

Atopic eczema is an inflammatory condition of the skin. Atopic is the term used to describe conditions such as eczema, asthma, seasonal rhinitis and hay fever, which often have a genetic basis. Atopic eczema affects both sexes equally and usually starts in the first weeks or months of life. It is most common in children, affecting at least 10% of infants at some stage. It usually disappears during childhood.

Atopic eczema is usually hereditary .Atopic eczema is not catching. The main symptom is itch. Itching can be bad enough to interfere with sleep, causing tiredness and irritability.

Atopic eczema can affect any part of the skin, including the face, but the areas most commonly affected are the bends of the elbows and knees, and around the wrists and neck. The skin is red and dry. When the eczema is very active, people may develop small water blisters on the hands and feet.

Many factors in a person’s environment can make eczema worse. These include heat, dust and contact with irritants such as soap or detergents.

Atopic eczema cannot be cured, but there are many ways of controlling it.

Ex.3.Answer the questions:

What is atopic eczema? 2. Can atopic eczema affect any part of the skin? 3. What areas are most commonly affected? 4. What colour is the skin? 5. What factors in a person’s environment can make eczema worse? 6. Can atopic eczema be cured? 7. Are there many ways of controlling it?

Ex.4. Skim the text and answer the questions.

excessive – надмірний;	victim – жертва;
complete - повний;	protection – захист;
damage – пошкодження;	detection – виявлення;
cause - причина;	border – кордон;
severe – сильний;	sunburn – опік