Прийменниковий інфінітивний комплекс (The Prepositional Infinitive Complex)

Прийменниковий інфінітивний комплекс вводиться прийменником for. Він складається з іменника в загальному відмінку або особового займенника в об’єктному відмінку + інфінітив.

It's time for us to go. Нам пора йти.

That's for you to think on. Про це треба подумати.

He waited for her to speak. Він чекав, поки заговорить вона.

Unit 28. Diseases of the endocrine system.

Ex.1. Read a medicine direction and get ready to explain its indications, dosage and contraindications. Here comes the translations of some expressions to it:

highly purified – без будь-яких домішок; radiologically standardized – що відповідає стандартам стосовно радіологічних властивостей; to induce retension of potassium and phosphorus – стимулює накопичення натрію та фосфору; patients with short stature – низькорослі пацієнти

Grorm (Human Growth Hormone)

Characteristics and Actions. Grorm contains growth hormone of human origin (Human Growth Hormone, HGH, or somatotropin), highly purified free of pyrogens and biologically and radioimmunologically standardized. The human growth hormone increases protein synthesis, influences the metabolism of carbohydrates, the metabolization of fats, it also influences the balance of minerals, including a retension of potassium and phosphorus and an increase in excretion of calcium ions. The treatment of patients with short stature with GRORM, in adequate doses and for a sufficiently prolonged period, induces an increase in growth rate. As GRORM contains human growth hormone of a high degree of purity, the formation of neutralizing antibodies is veiy unusual.

Indications. Short stature due to pituitary insufficiency.

Dosage. Dosage should be individualized. Generally, a weekly dose of at least 0.5 I.U. (International Unit) per kg of body weight is suggested. As a practical therapeutic schedule, it is recommended that the treatment be initiated by a weekly dose of 6. I.U. subdivided into three administrations. If, after 6 months of treatment, the growth rate appears inadequate, the dosage may be increased to 12. I.U. or more per week.

Contraindications. Diabetes mellitus may be considered a relative contraindication.

Warning. At the beginning of the treatment, anorexia and oliguria may be observed: these symptoms generally disappear within a few days after onset of treatment.

Ex.2. Answer the questions to the text:

1. What hormone does Grorm contain?

2. What does the human growth hormone increase?

3. What are the indications for using Grorm?

4. How many International Units per kg of body weight is suggested?

5. What symptoms may be observed at the beginning of the treatment?

Grammar. The gerund.

Indefinite Gerund збігається за формою з Present Participle (reading, writing, playing).

Перекладається герундій залежно від його форми та функції у реченні

Функції герундія у реченні

Функція	Перекладається	Приклади
Підмет	Неозначеною формою дієслова або іменником	Reading is useful (Читати (читання) корисне).
Додаток	Неозначеною формою дієслова або іменником	They decided reading this book. (Вони вирішили прочитати цю книжку). He succeeded in reading well. (Він вправний у читанні).
Означення	Іменником, неозначеною формою дієслова або прикметником	А reading hall (читальний зал) I like your idea of reading this book. (Мені подобається твоя ідея прочитати цю книжку).
Обставина	Дієприслівником або підрядним реченням	After reading I began to write an exercise. (Після читання (після того, як я прочитав) я почав писати вправу).
Іменна частина складеного присудка	Неозначеною формою дієслова	Our dream is reading this book. (Ми мріємо прочитати цю книжку).

Ex.3. Find the Gerund and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

1. Reading is her favourite occupation. 2. Writing case history took him much time. 3 The doctor suggested discussing this question. 4. The surgeon insisted on examining this patient. 5. They use different methods of examining the patients. 6. There are some ways of solving this problem. 7. After taking blood the surgeon withdrew the needle. 8. In this case the doctor cannot make a diagnosis without palpating the abdomen. 9. This hall was used for performing the operations. 10. We never missed an opportunity of listening to the lectures of this professor. 11. I prefer going there by air. 12. Seeing is believing.

Ex.4. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. The students understood the article without translating it. 2. They insisted on calling the doctor. 3. We assisted the nurse in bandaging the patients. 4. I thought of going to see my friend today. 5. I had the pleasure of living with them the whole summer. 6. The date of my leaving for the country is uncertain. 7. Before leaving for France I called on my brother. 8. They discussed different methods of teaching foreign languages.

Ex.5. Порівняйте вживання герундія і дієприкметника в реченнях і перекладіть українською мовою:

1. The doctor examining the patients graduated from our Institute last year. — They discussed different ways of examining. 2. The doctor thinks of examining this boy. — Reading the article, we were trying to find answers to the questions put to us by the teacher. 3. Examining this patient is necessary. — Examining the patients, the doctor was attentive. 4. In examining the doctor was attentive. — Having examined the patient, the doctor prescribed him treatment. 5. After finishing this work, we were ready for walking. 6. When going home I met my friends.