1. What important function do our lungs fulfill?

Lungs are a pair of organs which are situated in the chest. They fulfill very important function of vital activity known as respiration. Our lungs are conical in shape. Their apexes project into the neck and their bases rest upon the diaphragm. There is anterior border behind the middle of the breast bone.

How many lobes do the lungs contain?

There the outer and inner surfaces meet and the borders of the two lungs touch one another. The right lung contains three lobes and the left has two lobes. Each lung is enclosed in a pleural membrane or the pleura.

2. What can one see between the two layers of the pleural membrane?

It has two layers which form the pleural cavity. This cavity is in the natural state, a merely potential space. One can see a thin layer of fluid between the two layers of the pleural membrane. It enables them to glide with very little friction over one another.

3. What colour may the lungs be?

The lungs expand and retract in breathing. The colour of the lungs in children is rosy-pink but in adults they may be gray, dark-gray or black. It is due to deposits of dust and smoke in the lymph spaces.

4. What does the process of inspiration and expiration allow the blood to do?

During our respiration air passes in the lungs. These two movements are known as inspiration and expiration. This process allow the blood to absorb oxygen and to give off carbon dioxide and water.

Grammar. Складені сполучники

as ... as так само як; такий самий ... як

as soon as як тільки

as far as до; так далеко, як

as long as до тих пір, поки

as much as (стільки) скільки

as well as також; як і ...

so ... as такий як

Ex.13.Translate into Ukrainian:

1. І get up as early as you do. 2. He will do it as soon as he comes home. 3. As long as you insist on this term, we shall not do this task. 4. They try to do as much as they can. 5. She knows English as well as her sister. 6. Summer in England is not so hot as it is on the continent. 7. The English language is not so difficult as German. 8. This girl is as beautiful as her mother. 9. They are as busy as during the aca­demic year. 10. There are not so many cars and busses in this street as in the centre of the city.

Складені прийменники

according to - відповідно до, згідно з	in front of - перед, напроти
because of - з-за, через	in order to - для того щоб
by means of - за допомогою	in spite of - незважаючи на
due to - через, внаслідок	instead - замість того, щоб
in addition to - на додаток до	owing to - внаслідок, завдяки
in case of - щодо, на випадок	thanks to - завдяки

Ex.13. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. According to the information received by us the delegation will arrive tomorrow. 2. They did not come here because of the rain. 3. They will build this house by means of cranes. 4. He achieved good results due to his hard work. 5. We are sending you this letter in addition to our telegram. 6. In front of our house one can see a big park. 7. In case of your illness ring up the doctor. 8. In order to fulfil their plan they worked hard. 9. They finished their work in time in spite of all difficulties. 10. Give me the red pencil instead of the black one. 11. They could not get there in time owing to a severe storm. 12. Thanks to her help we finished our work in time.