Text 1 a. M. Kennedy

Anthony M. Kennedy was born in Sacramento, Californa, on 23 July, 1936. He received his Bachelor of Laws (B. L.) degree from Standford University and the London School of Economics, and from Harvard Law School. He had private practice in San Francisco, California from 1961 to 1963. Then he was a Professor of the Constitutional Law at the George School of Law, the University of the Pacific.

He has served in numerous positions during his career, including a member of the California Army Guard in 1961, the board of the Federal Judicial Centre, and two committees of the Judicial Conference of the United States: the Advisory Panel on Financial Disclosure Reports and Judicial Activities, subsequently renamed the Advisory Committee on Codes of Conduct, which he chaired. He was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in 1975. President Reagan nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, and he took his seat on February 18, 1988.

Notes:

Bachelor of Laws (B. L.) University of the Pacific	– бакалавр юридических наук – Тихоокеанский университет
the Advisory Panel on Financial Disclosure Reports	– Консультативный совет по раскрытию финансовых преступлений
the Advisory Committee on Codes of Conduct	– Консультативный совет по нормам поведения в обществе

Task I. Answer the questions on the text.

1. When and where was A. Kennedy born?

2. What judicial institutes did he graduate from?

3. Where did he have private practice?

4. What positions did he occupy during his career?

5. What post was he appointed by President Reagan to?

Text 2 Arthur Conan Doyle

Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859 in Edinburg, Scotland. Arthur was the eldest son in the family and it was necessary for him to help his mother keep house. She took care of a large family. His father was a clerk. The boy’s main interests at school were poetry and classics. His wish of study was very strong. When he was a student of the Edinburgh University his tutor was Professor Bell. Bell was a good specialist in the art of medicine. Conan Doyle’s first book about Sherlock Holmes was under the great influence of the image of his talented teacher (perhaps Bell was Sherlock Holmes’s prototype). At the same time Arthur Conan Doyle was a favourite pupil of Bell. Professor Bell gave Doyle some new ideas for his future detective stories.

The image of Sherlock Holmes was so popular that many people were of the opinion he was a real person and was able to detect criminals and solve any crime. That’s why some of the readers were ready to ask for Holmes’s qualified help in their letters. On the other hand, some readers were of the same opinion about Conan Doyle himself. And they were not realy mistaken because of Conan Doyle’s real help in one case.

Conan Doyle’s and Sherlock Holmes’s sympathy was always on the side of honest and poor people.

The name of Conan Doyle is very popular with the readers. Conan Doyle’s stories of adventure and detection were, are and will always be of great interest for Russian Readers.

Notes:

employee	– служащий
classic	– классик (писатель, художник)
tutor	– наставник
adventure	– приключение
influence	– влияние
image	– образ
to be of opinion	– придерживаться мнения
sympathy	– сочувствие (зд.)

Task I. Find the sentences in the text corresponding to the following ones.

1. Образ Шерлока Холмса был настолько популярен, что многие люди придерживались мнения, что это существующая личность и что он может раскрыть любое преступление и найти преступника.

2. Сочувствие Конан Дойля и Шерлока Холмса всегда было на стороне честных и бедных людей.

Task II. Correct the following statements according to the text.

1. Conan Doyle was the only child in the family.

2. He was very interested in math and physics at school.

3. Conan Doyle was an engineer by profession.

4. Holmes was a Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

5. Conan Doyle’s stories of adventure and detection weren’t in the centre of reader’s attention.

6. The first book about Sherlock Holmes was under the great influence of the image of Dr. Watson.

7. The name of Conan Doyle is famous because he was able to solve any crime quickly and accurately.

8. Conan Doyle and Sherlock Holmes didn’t always sympathize with honest and poor people.

SELF-STUDYING

Ex. 1. Choose which word fits best.

1. The report of this ... includes all facts collected during the ... (investigate, investigator, investigation).

2. His active ... (service, serve, servicing) began in 2007.

3. The college trains ... for the agencies of Militia which must wear a ... militia uniform (specialize, specialists, special).

4. Besides they get ... (profession, professional, professionally) skills and abilities: to drive a car and to use the weapon.

5. Everything is necessary and useful for our cadets: practical ... (instruct, instructions, instructor) lectures and seminars.

6. Computer programming greatly (improve, improvement, improver) effectiveness of the practical instructions.

7. Most of the ... (science, scientists, scientific) invited to the conference were leading specialists in various branches of Law.

8. In a modern democratic society the lawyers are to observe the principles of ... (legal, legality, legally) and to ... (protect, protection, protective) the rights and interests of citizens.

Ex. 2. Define parts of speech of the words in bold type and choose the proper translation.

N – noun V – verb A – adjective

1. The criminal justice functions to protect society against crime. 2. The main function of the police officer is to maintain public order. (а) функционирует, b) функция) 3. Law can be defined as a standard of conduct for the people in a given community. 4. These lawyers can conduct cases in the higher courts. (a) поведение, b) вести) 5. They can settle their dispute during the discussing of this important matter. 6. Our cadets often dispute about their test works. (a) спорить, b) спор) 7. After graduating from the University he worked as advocate at the court. 8. Now he can advocate his client. (a) защищать, b) защитник) 9. Red Square of ancient Moscow was a market place and a public square where tsars proclaimed their decrees. 10. The total area of the United Kingdom is about 120.000 square miles. (a) квадратный, b) площадь)

Ex. 3. Insert modal verbs or their equivalents given below.

1. I ... finish my course-paper last week.

2. Although the examination was difficult all the students ... pass it well.

3. All citizens over the age 18 ... vote.

4. These documents ... be signed yesterday.

5. Nobody ... translate this text at the previous lesson.

6. She ... supervise these students’ studies last week.

7. Professor Pavlov ... deliver a lecture but he did not feel well and ... come.

8. He ... meet his friend two days ago.

9. My sister ... enter the Law Academy last year but she didn’t pass entrance exams.

10. We ... to use these data.

11. Yesterday I ... attend the meeting at the Institute but I couldn’t.

12. On Monday our group ... go to the Russian Museum.

1. were allowed; 2. could; 3. was be able to; 4. was to; 5. were able to; 6. am to; 7. is to; 8. had to; 9. could; 10. have to; 11. was not able to

Ex. 4. Choose the correct verb form.

1. My parents (came/had come) back from England by the end of July. 2. My grandfather (worked/had worked) in militia several years ago. 3. I (studied/has studied) English at school, now I study German. 4. Few cadets of our group (wrote/had written) the last test badly. 5. The businessman (flew/had flown) to England a week ago. 6. He knew that he (made/had made) a serious mistake. 7. By that time he (became/had become) an experienced lawyer. 8. The judge (passed/had passed) the sentence by the end of the trial. 9. The investigator (examined/had examined) all the facts. 10. His grandfather (took /had taken) part in many combat operations.

Ex. 5. Choose the correct alternative.

1. His professional career ... many years ago.

a. begin; b. was beginning; c. began; d. had begun;

2. He ... for 5 years as a detective when his son became a lawyer.

a. had been working; b. worked; c. was working; d. had worked;

3. She ... homework at five o’clock yesterday.

a. does; b. did; c. had done; d. was doing;

4. By that time our teacher ... many articles.

a. published; b. had published; c. was publishing; d. had been publishing;

5. After finishing school my brother ... to become a lawyer.

a. decided; b. had decided; c. decides; d. isn’t raining;

6. He ... the teacher’s questions when the section commander came in.

a. answered; b. had answered; c. was answering; d. had been answering;

7. The students ... the test for 15 minutes when the bell rang.

a. wrote; b. had written; c. were writing; d. had been writing;

8. By the end of lesson they ... the problem.

a. discussed; b. were discussing; c. had discussed; d. have discussed.

Ex. 6. Choose the right translation of the words in brackets.

1. (сделав) his homework he was thinking hard.

a. having done; b. doing; c. having been done; d. being done;

2. (отвечая) at the blackboard the cadet made many mistakes.

a. having answered; b. answering; c. having been answered; d. being answered;

3. The new words (вводимые) at this lesson are easy to comprehend as they are international ones.

a. having introduced; b. introducing; c. having been introduced; d. being introduced;

4. (просмотрев) through some magazines, I came across an interesting article about the history of law.

a. having looked; b. looking; c. having been looked; d. being looked;

5. The student (обучающийся) at a college will gain a Bachelor’s degree in three years.

a. having studied; b. studying; c. having been studied; d. being studied;

6. (выписав) out and (выучив) all the new words, he was able to translate the text easily.

a. having written; b. writing; c. having been written; d. being written;

a. having learned; b. learning; c. having been learned; d. being learned;

7. (объяснив) the rule to the students, the teacher asked them to do a few exercises on it.

a. having explained; b. explaining; c. having been explained; d. being explained;

8. (читая) detective stories learns a lot.

a. having read; b. reading; c. having been read; d. being read;

9. The detective (расследующий) this case collected a lot of facts.

a. having investigated; b. investigating; c. having been investigated; d. being investigated;

10. (работая) at a court he tried many serious cases.

a. having worked; b. working; c. having been worked; d. being worked;

Ex. 7. Choose the suitable translation of the Participles.

A

a. разговаривая; b. поговорив; c. сказанное; d. говорящие/разговаривающие; e. разговаривают;

1. A word spoken in time may have very important results. 2. The students speaking good English must help their classmates. 3. While speaking to George some days ago, I forgot to ask him about his study at the Academy. 4. Now they are speaking to the judge. 5. Having spoken to the teacher he left the classroom.

B

a. которые читают; b. прочитал; c. читающий; d. читает; e. читаемая;

1. A great part of university teaching consists of lectures delivered to audiencies varying from a few to great number of students. 2. The professor delivering lectures at our faculty is a well-known scientist. 3. He is delivering a lecture on Criminal Law now. 4. The lecture being delivered is of great importance. 5. The teacher has already delivered the lecture.

C

a. выполняют; b. выполняющий; c. выполняя; d. выполнив/сделав; e. выполненные/сделанные;

1. Who is that cadet doing his home assignment at that table? 2. The exercises done by the students were not easy. 3. Having done his work the lawyer left his office. 4. While doing the test work she used a dictionary. 5. At this moment they are doing an important task.

Ex. 8. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. Translate the text in written form.

1. didn’t pass 2. the courses 3. leaving 4. entrance exams 5. a district court

6. introduce 7. to enter 8. lawyers 9. have been working 10. attended

11. military service 12. was born 13. get ready 14. only 15. served

Let me …(1) myself. My name is Artyom Petrov. I …(2) in a small settlement situated not far from Novgorod. I am the …(3) child in the family. My parents are …(4). After graduation from the Institute they were sent to work at …(5). They …(6) there for more than twenty years since. After …(7) school on my parents' advice to follow the family tradition I tried …(8) the Law Academy. But I …(9) all entrance exams and the same year I was called up for …(10). I …(11) in the Russian Army for two years. After demobilization I …(12) preparatory courses to the Law Academy in the evenings three times a week. I thought it would help me to revise all the materials and …(13) for the entrance exams much better. And …(14) really helped me very much. I passed all …(15) successfully and became a first-year student of the Law Academy.

LESSON 3