The Nominative with the Infinitive – Complex Subject (именительный падеж с инфинитивом – сложное подлежащее)

Оборот "именительный падеж с инфинитивом" состоит из существительного в общем падеже или местоимения в именительном падеже и инфинитива. Действие, обозначаемое инфинитивом, выполняет лицо или предмет, который выражен местоимением или существительным. В предложении такой оборот является сложным подлежащим (Complex Subject). На русский язык он переводится неопределенно-личным предложением типа говорят, что …; известно, что …; сообщают, что …; кажется, что … и т. п.

Оборот "именительный падеж с инфинитивом" употребляется:

1. когда сказуемое выражено следующими глаголами в страдательном залоге:

to say говорить (is, are / was, were said)

to see видеть (is, are / was, were seen)

to hear слышать (is, are / was, were heard)

to find находить, обнаруживать (is, are / was, were found)

to show показывать, доказывать (is, are / was, were shown)

to think полагать, думать (is, are / was, were thought)

to know знать (is, are / was, were know)

to report сообщать (is, are / was, were reported)

to suppose предполагать (is, are / was, were supposed)

to expect ожидать, полагать (is, are / was, were expected)

to consider считать, рассматривать (is, are / was, were considered)

to believe полагать (is, are / was, were believed)

to assume допускать (is, are / was, were assumed)

He is said to be an outstanding writer.

Говорят, что он выдающийся писатель.

2. когда сказуемое выражено следующими глаголами в действительном залоге:

to seem казаться

to appear оказаться

to prove оказаться

to happen случаться

The experiment proved to be a success.

Опыт оказался удачным.

3. когда сказуемое выражено сочетанием слов:

to be likely вероятно

to be unlikely маловероятно

to be certain несомненно, конечно

to be sure безусловно, верно

to be hardly едва ли

He is likely to be back late.

Он, вероятно, вернется поздно.

Ex. 13. Point out the sentences with the Complex Subject and

translate them.

1. His novels are said to be interesting. 2. He is known as an outstanding writer. 3. Our teacher is sure to come on time. 4. She is said to know two foreign languages. 5. His lectures might be useful. 6. Mr. Smith is known to be an outstanding diplomat. 7. These detectives proved to work well. 8. This article appeared in the latest magazine. 9. They proved their alibi. 10. This article appeared to be very important. 11. Our teacher is sure that we’ll write a dictation. 12. This plan proved to be a success. 13. He is hardly to come soon.

Ex. 14. Translate the sentences with the Complex Subject.

1. They are said to work much at their English. 2. The experiment is certain to be a success. 3. Your friend is sure to like your present. 4. He is supposed to be a very good detective. 5. She does not seem to take anybody’s advice. 6. He is known to be preparing for his exam. 7. They seem to have finished their work. 8. The cadets are known to have been studying English for eight months. 9. This article appears to have been published in the latest magazine. 10. His lectures were said to be popular with both old and young.

Ex. 15. Read and translate the sentences with: 1) Complex Object;